Peder Hals

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Free-man (Frimand)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 20.574385 (Sommer)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 20.855345 (Garde)

Notater:

Jens Nielsen Galen was a Knight (Ridder) in Näsbyholm (in Vemmehøj
district) in Skåne. Died 1320. (DAÅ 1893/160).

* * * * *
The following is taken from an article written by Gilbert von Studnitz in
"Der Blumenbaum", a publication of the Sacramento German Genealogy
Society, Vol. 9, number 4, April-June 1992:

Ranks of German Lower Nobility: Very often a certain level of income,
wealth, or social standing was necessary for appointment to these ranks,
so as to demonstrate the ability of the person ennobled to maintain
himself at a proper level.

The highest rank of the non-sovereign nobility is Herzog or Duke, a title
almost never given them and then only "ad personam", or much like an
English life peer. An example is Otto von Bismarck as Duke of Lauenburg.
He was styled Serene Highness. The highest rank that normally was part of
the lower nobility is Fürst. This title, like Duke, was given to them
only in the last centuries of the monarchy. Their
children were rarely princes, but more usually counts or barons,
depending on what was the original title of the Fürst.

Next in rank is Graf or Count, which in modern times could be given
primogeniture (inherited only by the eldest son), but was usually given
to all the children of the new count. A very few houses also carry the
title Burggraf which is approximately equivalent to Count.

Baron follows, which is almost always called Freiherr in Germany, but
given as Baron to the Germans of the Baltic regions. For many years it
was in dispute whether Baron was equivalent to Freiherr (which was deemed
"better"), but this was settled in the last century in an affirmative
manner. The wife of a Freiherr is a Freifrau, the daughter a
Freiherrin. This last title is sometimes abbreviated Freiin. The wife
of a Baron is a Baronin, the daughter a Baronesse. Another variant of
this rank is called Edler Herr, or Edle Herrin for females, which is
borne by only a few very old families (such as the Gans zu Putlitz).

The last level is that of the untitled nobility, which nevertheless
includes some titled families. Normally an untitled noble is addressed
as Herr, in this context meaning Lord.

In former times untitled nobles, especially those from the eastern
regions, were addressed as Junker, a title still in usage in the
Netherlands as Jonkheer. It is no longer normally used in Germany. In
Bavaria and especially Austria, the hereditary title of Ritter (Knight)
was given to families, but they were still considered part of the
untitled nobility. Much the same applies to the title of Edler, which is
mainly northern and central German. While the wife and daughters of an
Edler were titled Edle, the wife of a Ritter was called a Frau (in this
sense Lady) and not Ritterin.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,
Ontario, copyright 1990-2002.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Marine Clausdatter. Marine blev født før 1365 i Bornholm; døde efter 1407 i Bornholm. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Free-man (Frimand)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 19.287193 (Sommer)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 19.427673 (Garde)

Notater:

Sigvard Mahler Dam states, in his article "Over Hals og hoved", (SAXO,
1991), that Ødbern Hals was the inheritor of Store Halsegård and Lille
Halsegård, he can be found mentioned in a record dating from 1407.
This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,
Ontario, copyright 1990-2001.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Frimand
• Ane-nr.: Ane 18.143597 (Sommer)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 18.213837 (Garde)

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 17.106919 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 17.71799 (Sommer)

Ødbern blev gift med ??? Andersdatter Galen cirka 1455 i (Skåne/Bornholm). ??? (datter af Anders Galen og Karine Jepsdatter Rani) blev født cirka 1435 i Herrestad, Skåne; døde cirka 1475 i Prgd. Simblegård, Klemensker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 16.35900 (Sommer)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 16.53460 (Garde)

Notater:

"In A.D. 928 Henry the Fowler, marching across the frozen bogs, took
Brannibor, a chief fortress of the Wends" [sources: "Reichs-Historie",
Kohler (Frankfurth und Leipzig, 1737), p. 63; "Chur-und Furstlichen
Hauser in Deutschland", Michaelis (Lemgo, 1759, 1760, 1785), i. 255].
Probably, at that time, a town of clay huts, with dirt and palisaded
sod-wall round it; certainly "a chief fortress of the Wends," -- who must
have been a good deal surprised at the sight of Henry on that rimy winter
morning near a thousand years ago.

Henry, called "the Fowler" (Heinrich der Vogler) because he was in his
"Vogelheerde" (Falconry or Hawk-establishment, seeing his Hawks fly) in
the upland Hartz Country in 919 when messengers came to tell him that the
German Nation, through its Princes and Authorities assembled at Fritzlar,
had made him King; and that he would have dreadful work henceforth.
Which he undertook -- warring all his days against chaos in that country,
no rest for him until he died. The beginning of German Kings; the first,
or essentially the first sovereign of a united Germany - Charlemagne's
posterity to the last bastard having died out, and only Anarchy, Italian
and others, being the alternative.

Anne blev gift med Poul Olsen cirka 1485 i Bornholm. Poul (søn af Oluf Jensen) blev født før 1460 i 47. sgd. Bjergegård, Vestermarie Sogn; døde cirka 1520 i 47. sgd. Bjergegård, Vestermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Anne blev gift med Hans Borreby cirka 1520. Hans blev født før 1500; døde cirka 1533 i 47. sgd. Bjergegård, Vestermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Commander (Høvedsmand) of
• Ane-nr.: HL2 note

Notater:

According to Kure's farm-list Jørgen Hals owned owned Store Halsegård(later called Gadebygård) and Lille Halsegård (later called Halsegård),both proprietair-farms in Østermarie parish. According to Kure'sfarm-list his daughter was married to Hans Berildsen, later chief justicefor Bornholm.

The following has been extracted from a translation of the article"Landet Borringholm: Bornholmsk-skånske slægtskredse", part 2, by SigvardMahler Dam, published in SAXO, 1986:

Otte Pedersen Uf's wife had previously been married to a Bornholmer, andthat is how she came to live on Bornholm. It appears that she had runaway with esquire Peder Hals against the wishes of her family, for AndersGalen in Lund refused to acknowledge her children from her firstmarriage! She had at least three children (1 son and 2 daughters) whenshe married Otte Uf. Anders Galen's will caused great controversy andthe probate proceedings to 21 years to be finalized! Otte's first wifedied around 1480 and he married for the second time to an unnameddaughter of Oluf (any evidence for this? - Norman Madsen), and they had ason, Oluf Ottesen, and a daughter, who became the founder of the secondBornholm Uf-family line. The youngest son, Oluf Ottesen appears as awitness in a document from 1497 and borrows his father's seal (there aretwo identical seals on the document), so he must have been very young.Oluf and his sister were not named in Anders Galen's will of 1511, sotherefore their mother is not his sister.

The freeman Jørgen Hals of Østermarie and his two sisters felt cheatedwhen they were read Anders Galen's will, in which they figured only thus:

(In the original old Danish)
"Item Jørgen Hals X Mark, 1 wpret Segn, 1 Gryde, Anne Jørgen HalsesSøster ligeledes, meth saadan Skell, ath the skwlle ey ydherre begære athærffwe mig."

(Which modernized reads in English approximately as follows)
"Item: Jørgen Hals, Østermarie, 1 complete Bed, 1 Cooking-pot, JørgenHals' sister Anne receives the same, with the understand that they willinherit nothing more."

From the choice of above words we can see there was no love lost betweenAnders Galen and the Hals-family. He even forgot to include the othersister! Did he not wish to acknowledge the relationship? Is it that atthe time they were not the best of friends, or was there a more sinisterreason? Why acknowledge the two Uf children, and not the three olderHals? A clue can be found in the following declaration given by theCommander of Hammershus in 1522 (59):

(In the original old Danish)
"Jag Niels Jiebsen (Bryske). . . gør vitterligt for alle med dette mitobne Breff, at denne Breffwisere Jørgen Hals er Anders Gallens som dødeudi Lund. . . rette ecte Søstersøn med ogsaa twenne Søstre som førnavnteJørgen Hals hafwer paa Borindholm, og hafwer jag spurgt I sandignen atførnævnte Anders Gallen igen nærmere rette arvinger hafwer end dissefornævnte. . . ."

(Which modernized reads in English approximately as follows)
"I, Niels Ibsen (Bryske). . . declare to all by means of this open Letterthat the Plaintiff Jørgen Hals is Anders Galen's - who died in Lund. . .rightful Sister's son, as are his two Sisters whom the aforementionedJørgen Hals has in Bornholm, and I have inquired about the truth that theaforementioned Anders Galen has no closer heirs than the aforementioned.. . ."

This was not considered to be sufficient proof, perhaps the commander wasnot considered to be a knowledgeable enough witness, since he had notbeen on Bornholm very long and could not have known of the details firsthand, he must have had to ask around. Therefore the case was put beforethe "Landsting" (Senate) in Åkirkeby on May 22, 1522. The details werediscussed, witnesses were heard, and finally a document was drawn up andsealed by the most important officials on Bornholm: 1) the Commander ofHammershus, Niels Ibsen; 2) Jørgen Hals' step-brother Chief Justice OlufOttesen (Uf); 3) Jørgen Gagge, who had been made a freeman 20 yearspreviously and was an illegitimate born member of the Gagge-family ofSkåne; 4) Hans Borreby of Borgegård; 5) Anders Kos in Ibsker parish (ofKåsegård); 6) and the invaders from Lübeck, Peder Kofoed, and 7) MortenLassen, both mayors in Rønne; 8) Lauritz Jul from an old anddistinguished family and a bailiff in Østermarie parish; 9) Hans Pedersenfrom Østermarie parish; 10) and finally the document was signed by thebailiff for Åker parish, Peder Munck. The document reads as follows (60):

(In the original old Danish)
". . . wor skicket for os och for menige Almue. . . beskenden mand JørgenHals, hvilken gik frem. . . och bespurgte sig om det var dem vitterligt,om han og hans søskende er ægte og rette fødte baade af fader och moder,og om det var dem vitterligt at de hørte Anders Gallen til der døde iLund, Gud naade hans sjæl, eller om de burde staai arv efter samme AndersGallen for ægtheds skyld, og arve ham deres døde frænde og slægtning somloven udviser som er ægte og rette baade af fader og moder. Der tilsvarede alle mænd som deraf vidste og bad dem Gud til hjælp, at de ikkeandet vidste med fornævnte Jørgen Hals og hans syskende end at de er ægteog ægtefødte og bør saavel arve deres del efter fornævnte Anders Gallenmed lige og rette saa meget som dem rettelig kan tilfalde efter loven."

(Which modernized reads in English approximately as follows)
". . . the modest man Jørgen Hals presented himself before us and askedif we would attest that he and his siblings are legitimate born both offather and mother, and further attest that they were relatives of AndersGalen who died in Lund, God bless his soul, and that they are the sameAnders Galen's legitimate heirs. To his all the men with God's helpanswered that they were convinced the forenamed Jørgen Hals and hissiblings are legitimate and therefore entitled to inherit their portionfrom the aforementoned Anders Galen in accordance with the just processof law."

This document finally saw the heirs receive more than the 10 Mark and afully made-up bed! They received estate-property in Hyltebierg(Hylteberga, Skurup parish, Vemmenhög district) in Skåne, to be dividedinto three parts. A deed dated July 2, 1523 documents (61) that JørgenHals, and his sister's son Axel Poulsen, and Axel's brother-in-law OlufDue of Østermarie, sold their inheritance to Mourids Jepsön (Sparre) ofSkurup - namely four farmsteads, with the request that he yearly supplythe clergyman in Skurup with 1 Skilling worth of "grot" (produce?) forthe souls of their parents. The sister Else did not sell her portion ofthe property, maybe she moved there, as after 1530 there is no furthermention of her.

The inheritance case was not quite over with! After the above mentionedsale of property, maybe from around 1530 there is another document. Theclergymen Hr. Hans for Østermarie and Hr. Hans for Vestermarie attestthat "Jørgen Hals, Anne Poul Olsens, Else Ødberns" are the legitimateheirs of Anders Galen, and that he was the true brother of their mother.The clergymen along with several other good Danes swear on their Soul'sHoliness that the above heirs had received no more property than that inHyltebierg after Anders Galen. Next we learn that Hr. Skelm(Gyldenstjerne) was the dean of the clergy on Bornholm when Jørgen Halsand his two sisters were born and christened; he died in Lund and hadbeen born in Blekinge. He had resided at Spidlegård in Åker parish whenhe was the Dean for Bornholm.

We have no further information on Jørgen Hals affairs, so he had probablypassed away and his heirs might have needed the above document attestingto their legitimacy. Maybe the document relates to Jørgen Hals' sister,the widowed Anne, who from 1533 through 1537 was involved in a legaldispute with the heirs of her second husband. The clergymen fromØstermarie - Jørgen Hals home parish - and from Vestermarie, where Annahad her property, were involved as witnesses in the court case.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,Ontario, copyright 2006.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]