Hartwig Hagefeldt

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 16.53937 (Garde)

Notater:

Note (Overført juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

Hartwig Hagefeldt was a first-citizen (anset borger) in "Lybæk" (Lübeck); he is recorded as dying in 1555 on the 28th of February (as found in "Lübeckische Ratslinie", from the published archival records of Lübeck). None of the Bornholmer Hartwigs took the surname Hagefeldt; but rather abided by the scandinavian tradition of using the father's given name as the children's surname (in this case dropping the "-sen" suffix).

During Hartwig Hagefeldt's time a person did not become a "Borger" (Burgher, or middleclass citizen) by virtue of being born in a place. Burgher class citizenship was a valuable privilege that included: the right to engage in business in a community; rights and protections under the law; permission to reside in a community without being expelled. Citizenship was extended by individual communities to some of their inhabitants, primarily those who wanted to engage in business, and did not pertain to citizenship in the country as a whole. Until the twentieth century, only males of the middle and upper classes, mostly merchants and tradesmen, were granted citizenship.

Lübeck is located on two small streams connecting with Lübeck Bay. The history of Lübeck goes back to around the year 1000 AD, when the Wends established "Liubice" as a royal seat and trading center. Founded in 1143 Count Adolf II of Schauenburg built a settlement of Christian merchants between the Trave and the Wakenitz Rivers and borrowed the old name "Liubice" from the older and meanwhile destroyed settlement. The city of Lübeck was born. After a devastating fire the Saxon King, Henrythe Lion, established Lübeck for a second time in 1158. From 1159 on Lübeck developed as a center of trade, which in its effect could only be compared with its southern counterpart Venice. At breathtaking speed, Lübeck became the most powerful economic center of Northern Europe.

In 1173 Henry the Lion laid the cornerstone of the largest brickstructure of the North, the Cathedral (Dom zu Lübeck). The churches St. Mary (Marienkirche) and St. Peter (Petrikirche) also got their start during the same year. Henry the Lion indeed made even more of a mark on the city since under his leadership the layout of the Old Town of Lübeck was designed and it remains even to this day almost completely unchanged. It has five 13-14th century Gothic churches, a Gothic townhall, and a 13th century hospital. Another big name, which is perhaps even more important for the history of this city, is Emperor Friedrich II. It was he who in 1226 granted Lübeck its almost unique freedom and independence - its status as a "Free Imperial City". This meant that the city, and its citizens, were not subjects of a duke, count or bishop, but only of the emperor himself. This free area continued for 711 years.

At the end of the 13th century an alliance of Germanic cities, the Hanseatic League, was developed from a merchant's union, with the Free City of Lübeck taking on the leadership position of the Hanseatic Council. The league became a powerful economic and political force in northern Europe. Its earliest union dates to 1241, when Lübeck and Hamburg made agreements for mutual defense in trading; the first meeting of the "Diet" (legislative assembly) in 1256 included: Lübeck, Hamburg, Lünenburg, Wismar, Rostock, and Stralsund; later other towns joined the league. With a centre for meetings in the city of Lübeck, the members established an important network of Baltic trade, and a string of commercial bases stretching from Novgorod to London and from Bergen to Bruges.

Despite the power that she wielded, Lübeck, the "Queen of the Hansa", was never an overtly war-like city. The latin phrase on the Holstein Gate, completed in 1478, reads, "Concordia Domi Foris Pax" (Harmony Within, Peace Without), which was the prerequisite for the functional community and the undisrupted free trade which Lübeck enjoyed.

The league reached the height of its power in the 14th and 15th centuries when it contributed to the defeat of Valdemar IV of Denmark in 1367-68, and secured control of Baltic trade by Peace of Stralsund in 1370. It now included such widely separated places as: Novgorod, Reval, Riga, Danzig (Gdánsk), Magdeburg, Cologne, Bruges, and London; and gave trading privileges to merchants of many other towns. In its heyday during the 14th century the Hansa included well over a hundred towns; its influence gradually faded with the emergence of powerful competitor states, and the last meeting of the "Diet" was held in Lübeck in 1669. The term "Hanseatic town" was retained by Lübeck, Hamburg, and Bremen as long as they were imperial free-cities.

In 1509 Denmark and Lübeck were engaged in one of their numerous skirmishes. The Danes had a famous battleship called the "Svane" (english: Swan) - which was reputed to be the largest and most powerful in the world; but the Lübeck'ers in several small vessels surprised, attacked and destroyed it. After this victory a fleet of 14 Lübeck ships ravaged the Danish islands and did much damage to Danish shipping. Nine Swedish ships joined them, and the combined fleet almost ruined Lolland and Bornholm.

Later, in the summer of 1509, a great naval battle took place between 16Lübeck men-of-war and 17 Danish ships of about equal size and strength. One of the latter was a new vessel, the "Engel" (english: Angel), larger than the unlucky Svane had been. The Lübeck'ers had landed some of their guns and men to attack the fortress of Hammershus, on the northern tip of Bornholm, when the Danish fleet appeared, quite unexpectedly, and attacked at once. The battle lasted all day, and at night both sides claimed the victory. Some days later the fight was resumed, when, after several hours of fierce contest, the Engel had her rudder shot away and was taken in tow by her consorts, and the whole Danish fleet fled. In 1510 the league seized Bornholm as "security" on an unpaid loan given to the Danish crown; this lasted for a period of 50 years.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Borgmester i Nexø
• Ane-nr.: Ane 15.26969 (Garde)

Notater:

Note (Overført juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

Evidently the son of a highly reckoned citizen from Lübeck, one Hartwig Hagefeldt, who died on February 29, 1555. None of the Bornholmer Hartwig/Hartvig's used the surname "Hagefeldt". A son of mayor Hartwigis thought to be Cort Hartwig, who in 1572-73 was the manager of Hammershus Len.

Augustin Hartwig is the oldest known member of this Bornholmer family. He came to Bornholm during a time when Lübeck had controlled Bornholm since circa 1525. King Frederik I had forfeited the control of Bornholm to Lübeck for 50 years because of his inability to pay debts owed to the city; which had aided him in wresting the throne from his brother. The natives of Bornholm are recorded to have groaned under the Hansa's rule, and declared "they would rather be under the Turks, than under the German, Christian, imperial city." Augustin is mentioned in records as being the Mayor of Nexø (also spelled Neksø) in 1555.

A court case document from that year (1555) begins (in the original old danish):
"Wij effterne, Esbern Myre Byffogeth, Augustin Hartwick och Mickel Hansz Burgemester, Henrick Moffue och Michel .... borgere y Nexö mett menige Bymendt bekenne obenbare for alle mett dette vort offne breff, at Aaretc. MDLV .... dagen effter Catharinæ paa wort byting war skicket .... och menige man erlig man Anthonius Wiltfangh .... paa herrenes (det lybske raad) wegne war begerendes low och rett ...."

Translated to english:
"We the herein mentioned, Esbern Myre, Town-Bailiff, Augustin Hartwig and Mickel Hansen, Mayors, Henrick Moffue and Michel .... citizens of Nexø make it be known for all by our open letter that in the year of MDLV, the day after Catharinæ was sent before our council .... and the honest man Anthonius Wiltfangh .... was asking for justice on behalf of the Lübeck council ...."

This damaged document is kept by the state archives in the "Samlinger til danske Kongers Historie", also printed in "Aktstykker til Bornholms Historie", by D.J.R. Hübertz, 1851, page 251.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Beskæftigelse:
Nævnes som borgmester i Nexø i dokument 1855.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: fra 1572 til 1573; Konstitueret bestyrer på Hammershus

Notater:

Fra Borgmesterslægten Hartwig paa Bornholm af K. Thorsen.

En Bror til Borgmester Augustin Hartwig var vistnok en Cort Hartwig, der i 1572-73 var konstitueret Bestyrer af Hammershus Len. Under 20. December 1572 har Consulat. Lübec. ”durch ein offen Patent, Cort Hartwig die Administration des Landes (Bornholm) vftzdragen”.

Den 18. Marts 1573 melder Curt Hartnigk til Hr. Johan Brockhusen og Herr
Benedictas Schlicker, »Kammerhem, meinen gebietenden Herrn« (i Lybæk), at han er kommen til Nexø og har modtaget Slottet, Nøglerne m.m., og Løverdagen efter Anunciationis Mariæ melder han, at han har overtaget Bestyrelsen, Inventaret o.s.v., item at han ikke tör paatage sig Den 18. Marts 1573 melder Curt Hartnigk til Hr. JohanBrockhusen og Herr Benedictas Schlicker, »Kammerhem, meinen gebietenden Herrn« (i Lybæk), at han er kommen til Nexø og har modtaget Slottet, Nøglerne m. m., og Løverdagen efter Anun- ciationis Mariæ melder han, at han har overtaget Bestyrelsen, In­ventaret o. s. v., item at han ikke tör paatage sig Befalingen og ha­ve med Ret og Dele at gøre, beder derfor om, at man vil sende en Høvedsmand. (Original i Raadhusarkivet i Lybæk. Bornholm II.4. Hiibertz, S. 402Befalingen og have med Ret og Dele at gøre, beder derfor om, at man vil sende en Høvedsmand.
(Original i Raadhusarkivet i Lybæk. Bornholm II. 4. Hübertz, S. 402).

Den 24. Juli udstedes Bestalling for Mattheus Tidemann, Raadmand i Lybæk, at være »houetman« paa Hammershus i 8 Aar; han skal have aarligt 100 Mark i Løn. (Hübertz, S. 414). Hermed er Cort Hartwigs Embedsvirke paa Bornholm slut.

I bogen "Bornholmernes land — øen i øst," er hans navn anført som: Kort Hartkings.

Fødsel:
Der er ikke nogen kilder, der kan anvendes til at fastlægge Cort Hartwigs fødselsår. I K. Thorsens artikel 1943 er han anført som bror til Augustin Hartwig og dermed søn af Hartwig Hagefeldt i Lübeck. Det kan underbygge, at han er født ca. 1511 som anført af nogle slægtsforskere. Andre slægtsforskere har anført ham som søn af Augustin Hartwig født ca 1742.

Død:
Antagelsen, at Cort Hartwig dør i Lübeck, tager udgangspunkt i, at han som anført af K. Thorsen er søn af Hartwig Hagefeldt i Lübeck. Det kan sandsynliggøre, at han vender tilbage til Lübeck 1573 efter en kort periode som konstitueret bestyrer på Hammershus.

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.13485 (Garde)
• Beskæftigelse: fra 1570 til 1609; Borgmester i Rønne

Notater:

Note (Overført juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

Michel Augustin Hartwig is first mention in 1575 as a burgher (Borger) in Rønne. He is also named as one of the delegates from all over Denmark were sent to Lund, in Skåne province, to elect Prince Christian's (IV) as heir-apparent on July 20, 1584. Records from this time tell that the following delegates were sent to represent the citizens of Rønne: "Michel Herttuig, Borgemester, Esbern Kofod og Claus Kamitz, Raadmænd."

Once again in 1608 when the next Prince was to be hailed Michel Augustin Hartwig was again a delegate. The documents state as follows:

From original document, in old danish:
"Wi effterschreffne Esper Kofod, Borgemester i Rothne, Madz Raffn, Anders Jenssøn, Hermand Bohn, Jørgen Franch och Claus Hartvigh, Raadmend ibid., sambt det gandske burgerskaff her wdj Rothne, saa och det gandske gemeine burgerskaff aff Nexe, och denn menig Almue aff de andre smaabyer och fiskeleyer, Hasle, Suannicke och Aakirckebye, som ingen Kong. Priuilegier haffuer, kiendis och giør Witterligt for alle," at da det er dem befalet at sende Fuldmægtige til København paa Trefoldigheds Søndag, for at kaare Prins Christian; Saa haffuer nu erlig och velbyrdig Mand Hans Lindenov til Örslef, med allis woris guode willie oc samtycke, wdmelt och tilforordnet disse to dannemendt, som er erlig och welact mand Michel Hartuig, Borgemester i Rothne, oc Muaritz Jenssen, Borgemester i Nexø", til paa alles vegne at rejse til København.

Translated to english:
"We the Undersigned Esper Kofod, Mayor, and Mads Raffn, Anders Jensen, Herman Bohn, Jørgen Franck and Claus Hartwig, Councillors, as well as the entire Citizenship of Rønne and Nexø, also the common folk from all the other small towns: Hasle, Svaneke and Aakirkeby, which have no Royal privileges, we hereby declare for One and All that we have been requested to send Delegates to København on Trinity Sunday, for the hailing of Prince Christian; Therefore the well-born Hans Lindenov of Örslev (Lienholder of Bornholm 1594-1610), has with everyones consent requested these two honourable danish men Michel Hartvig, Mayor of Rønne, and Mauritz Jensen, Mayor of Nexø", to travel to København on behalf of all Bornholm's citizens.

In 1609 he was a member of an advisory-commitee commissioned to write a new "Constitution" for Hans Lindenov in his relationship to Bornholm's peasant farmers (bønder). There his signature reads: "Michel Hertuig Eghen Haandt" (Michel Hartwig, by my own hand).

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: nn Clausdatter Kames. nn (datter af Claus Clausen Kames og Margrethe) blev født cirka 1545 i Rønne; døde efter 1575 i Bornholm. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Byfoged i Allinge

Notater:

Occupation: Bailiff (Byfoged) for Allinge.

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.6743 (Garde)

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Købmand og skipper i Rønne
• Beskæftigelse: 1608; Rådmand i Rønne

Notater:

Note (Overført juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

Claus Hartwig's first wife died in 1621, afterwards he married Boel Pedersdatter Kofoed, daughter of "Frimand" Peder Kofoed. He owned Lille Kalbygård, 16' Vdg. Åker. Boel's second marriage was to Christen Laursen, Customs Officer (Tolder) and Bailiff (Byfoged) in Rønne in 1640. Christen was the brother of Peder Laursen (Møller), the mayor of Rønne in 1646-1674.

As an Alderman (Rådmand) he was among the Rønne town-council delegation that in 1608 put their signatures to the election of Prince Christian (1603-1647) as Crown Prince elect, the next in line to be king; the document regarding this reads as follows.

From the original document, in old danish:
"Wi effterschreffne Esbern Kofod, Borgemester i Rothne, Madz Raffn,Anders Jenssøn, Hermand Bohn, Jørgen Franch och Claus Hartvigh, Raadmend ibid., sambt det gandske burgerskaff her wdj Rothne, saa och det gandske gemeine burgerskaff aff Nexe, och denn menig Almue aff de andre smaabyer och fiskeleyer, Hasle, Suannicke och Aakirckebye, som ingen Kongl. Priuilegier haffuer, kiendis och giør Witterligt for alle," at da det er dem befalet at sende Fuldmægtige til Kiøbenhaffun paa Trefoldigheds Søndag, for at kaare Prins Christian; Saa haffuer nu Erlig och Velbyrdig Mand Hans Lindenov til Örslef, med allis woris guode willie oc samtycke, wdmelt och tilforordnet disse to dannemendt, som er Erlig och Welact Mend Michel Hartuig, Borgemester i Rothne, oc Mauritz Jenssen, Borgemester i Nexø", til paa alles vegne at rejse til København.

The above translated to English:
"We the undersigned Esper Kofod, Mayor in Rønne, Mads Ravn, Anders Jensen, Herman Bohn, Jørgen Franck and Claus Hartwig, Aldermen ibid., as well as the entire trade-license holders here in Rønne, and also the entire trade-license holders of Nexø, also the common folk from all the other small towns and fishing-villages: Hasle, Svaneke and Aakirkeby, which have no Royal-Privileges, we hereby declare for One and All that we have been requested to send Delegates to København on Trinity Sunday, for the election of Prince Christian; Therefore the Honest and Well-Bred Man Hans Lindenov of Örslev, has with everyones good will and consent requested these two danish men, whom are the Honest and Well-Respected Men Michel Hartwig, Mayor in Rønne, and Mauritz Jensen, Mayor in Nexø", to travel to København on behalf of all Bornholmers. Hans Lindenov was the "lienholder" (vassal) for Bornholm 1594-1610.

From the Hammershus Regnskaber, 1580-1617:
Indtegt och wdgifft paa Hamershus Slott paa Bornholm paa Kong. Maiitz. weigne fra Philippi Jacobi Dagh Anno 1609 och till Philippi Jacobi Dagh Anno 1610. . . . Indtegt pending for forbrutt guodtz aff landitt: . . . Opborridt aff Klaus Hartuig vdj Rønde som hand vdlagde for nogitt guodtz som Hans Nymandtz høstrue forbrødt i dett hun rømte fra sin hosbund och hand dis midler thidt i hendis fra verrelse bleff dødt - 70-1/2 Dr.10-1/2 Sk.

The above translated to English:
Income and expenditures for Hammershus Castle on Bornholm on His Royal Majesty's behalf from May 1, 1609 until May 1, 1610: . . . Revenue from forfeit property in the country: . . . Received from Claus Hartwig of Rønne which he paid for some property which Hans Nymand's wife forfeit because she ran away from her husband and in the meantime during her absence he died - 70-1/2 Rigsdaler, 10-1/2 Skilling.

Konngl. Maitz. regennschaffb aff Hammershus Slott och Lehnn paa Bordingholmb frann Phillippii Jacobj dag Anno 1615, och till Aarsdage Anno 1616. . . . Annammidt thill sagfaldt: . . . Annammid aff Claus Hartuigs drenng i Rynnde for slagsmaall, gaff pennge - 1/2 Dr.

The above entry translated to English:
His Royal Majesty's financial accounts for Hammershus Castle and entailed estate on Bornholm from May 1, 1615 until May 1, 1616. . . . Received from transgressions: . . . Received from Claus Hartwig's servant in Rønne for fighting, gave money - 1/2 Rigsdaler.

In 1620 he had brought from "Lybæk" (Lübeck) a large chandelier, which he gave to Rønne Church; as well as the year, it bears an inscription.

Recorded in 1630: "Med Skude og Gods udplyndret og ihjelskudt udfor Wismar" -- (As ship and goods were robbed he was shot to death – defying Wismar). Wismar is a north coastal German city.

From Bornholm's Jordebog of 1658, compiled during the Swedish occupation of the island:
Sönder Häradh, Åkier Sochn, Frälsehemman: Jens Munck (Christen Larsens efterlefverske i Rönne). . . 2 Daler, 29 Öre, 16 Penningar.

From Bornholm's Jordebog of 1662:
Sønder Herridt, Aakier Sogn, Vaarneder: Jens Munch, Christen Laursens bunde i Rønne (16 Vdg.)

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Beskæftigelse:
Claus Hartwig var 1608 medunderskriver som rådmand i Rønne på et dokumnt, der skulle hylde prins Christian (1603-1647) som kronprins. Han var næstældste søn af Christian IV, men døde et år før faderen og blev derfor aldrig konge. Hyldningen foregik i københavn 15. marts 1610.

Claus blev gift med Christine Niemans før 1620 i Rønne. Christine blev født før 1600; døde i 1621 i Rønne. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Claus blev gift med Boel Pedersdatter Kofoed cirka 1621 i Rønne. Boel (datter af Peder Poulsen Kofoed og Inger Pedersdatter) blev født cirka 1594 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; døde efter 1662 i Bornholm. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 12.3372 (Garde)

Notater:

Reference: KG1

xxx blev gift med Mads Madsen Ravn cirka 1600 i Bornholm. Mads (søn af Mads Ravn) blev født cirka 1575 i Præstegården, Povlsker Sogn; døde efter 1605 i Bornholm. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]