Niels Rani

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Councillor of the realm (
• Ane-nr.: Ane 22.x + 23.x

Notater:

Niels Rani was a Knight (Ridder), and is known to have been a councillorof the realm (Rigsråd) in 1308. Niels Rani died 1315-1316, executed bythe order of King Erik.

According to the Rundetaarn database Niels Rani was married to EtleAndersdatter, and that Etle was the mother of Niels Olufsen Bild's wife.And that Etle is the daughter of Anders Nielsen and Gytthe PedersdatterUlfeldt. And that Gytthe is the daughter of Peder Vethus ThrugotusVædder (Ulfeldt) and Cecilie Jonsdatter Litle.

However, the date for this information do not add up. In order for EtleAnderdatter to be the mother of Niels Olufsen Bild's wife, she must havebeen born before 1270. Which means that Gytthe Pedersdatter Ulfeldt musthave been born before 1255. If Cecilie Jonsdatter Litle's father JonJonsen Litle was born circa 1230, this means the Cecilie could not havebeen born before 1245 - she would have been under 10 years old in 1255!This information places Gytthe and Cecilie as contemporaries.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,Ontario, copyright 2006.

Ane 22.3449363+22.3494419+23.6842849

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Cannon (Kannik) in Lund
• Ane-nr.: Ane 22.3421425

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 21.1724682+

Notater:

Også Ane 21.1747210

??? blev gift med Niels Olufsen Bild cirka 1305 i Sjælland, Danmark. Niels (søn af Oluf Haraldsen Litle og Cecilie Strangesdatter Ulfeldt) blev født før 1265 i Danmark; døde efter 1322. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 21.1710713

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 20.862341+

Notater:

Også Ane 20.873605

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: ??? Larsdatter. ??? blev født før 1310; døde efter 1325. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 20.855357 (Garde)

Tue blev gift med Elene Jepsdatter Galen før 1385 i Skåne. Elene (datter af Jep Jensen Galen) blev født før 1370 i Skåne; døde cirka 1387 i Hardeberga, Skåne province (Sverige). [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Tue blev gift med Cecilie Uf cirka 1387 i Bornholm. Cecilie (datter af Johannes Lawesen Uf og ??? ???datter) blev født cirka 1370 i (Skåne/Danmark); døde efter 1427. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Clergyman (Præst)
• Ane-nr.: note

Notater:

The first member of the noble Uf-family to appear in Bornholm'shistorical records was Hans Uf, who was appointed commander of Hammershusfortress by his mother's brother Niels Joensen (Bild).

Archbishop Jakob died in 1361, and was buried on the 18th of February inLund. Niels Joensen, a clerk who is faithful to Valdemar and said tohave been from Jylland, is appointed his successor. Later that year theHansa offer Valdemar 1,200 marks for the return of their priviledges.Valdemar demands 4,000, and the Hansa agree. Then Valdemar conquersGotland, one of the Hansa's own territories. The Hansa allies itselfwith Magnus and Haakan and send a fleet up the sound. Valdemar defeatsit, then reaffirms his previous alliance with Magnus and Haakan.Haakan's intended bride, Elisabeth of Holstein, is intercepted on her wayto Sweden by Niels Joensen and held captive on Bornholm.

In 1368 Valdemar leaves Denmark to his governor Henning Podebusk while hepursues support in Europe. Albrekt of Sweden attacks Skåne, takingcontrol of the north-west. He is supported by Tue Andersen Galen (nephewof Peder Jensen, the previous Archbishop), Anders Jakobsen Grim and HasseTuesen Galen. The war goes against Denmark. The cathedral compound inLund is conquered and Åhus is besieged. Niels Joensen flees to Bornholm.

During a long winter stay at the fortress the Archbishop died on February5, 1379. Two days previously he had written his testament, wherein heleft to Hans Uf his large gilded silver-horn and two silver cups, also 40Marks in silver to cover expenses for flour, malt, and other items usedduring his stay. As well he received the rights to six dwellings inListed fishing-village, which he had had built for the Archbishop, andwhich brought in 6 Marks silver in yearly rent.

During Hans Uf's long term of office he acquired land in the regionnorth-west of Svaneke. The Archbishop also thought of Hans Uf's daughterCecilie, leaving her a gold ring. She was later married three times, allof her husbands were noblemen from Skåne; she outlived them all.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,Ontario, copyright 2006.

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 19.431171mv

Notater:

Også Ane 19.436803

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Lawe Uf. Lawe (søn af Nicolaus Uf og Cecilie Lavesdatter) blev født før 1315 i Skåne; døde efter 1345. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 19.427679 (Garde)

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Commander (Høvedsmand) of
• Ane-nr.: Ane 18.215585mv

Notater:

The Hals-family's coat-of-arms (våben) is "en Krone" (a crown). Helmet:
2 vesselhorns with a crown in between like the emblem in the shield.
Peder Hals' wife Maren Clausdatter may possibly be a member of the
Wiltfang-family.

Adelsmand- en skånsk Ridderslægt. I stedet for Halsegård kan det være
Gadegård ifl. Zahrtman Bind 1 side 94. Ifl. J.A. Jørgensen : Væbner, Adel
og frimænd side 6 skødede hans enke i 1407 en gård, som den dag i dag
kaldes Halsegård i Østermarie, med tilligende mølle til Ormer Herlugsen
som medgift med hans trolovede Cathrine Peder Halsdatter. Medgiftern
vidner om, at Peder Hals må have været en velhavende mand. (Source: Aage
Kure)

From the "Dansk adelsvåbener, en heraldisk nøgle", page 213, by Sven Tito
Achen, Politikens Forlag, 1973, København:
Hals "af Bornholm". En Krone. På hjelmen en krone mellem to
Vesselhorn. Farver ukendt. Uradel, Bornholm. Peder Hals 1406; Jørgen
Hals 1523. NDA side 112.

(The above translated to English:)
Hals "of Bornholm". A crown. On the helmet a crown between two
vesselhorns. Colour not known. Noble origins: Bornholm. Peder Hals in
1406; Jørgen Hals in 1523. See: NDA, page 112.

The following has been extracted from a translation of the article
"Landet Borringholm: Bornholmsk-skånske slægtskredse", part 2, by Sigvard
Mahler Dam, published in SAXO, 1986:

On January 7, 1407 Johannes Lawesen Uf and his assistant commander, Paul
Degn, signed as witnesses on the oldest Bornholm deed-document to have
survived time's gnawing teeth. The deed concerns the widow of large
landowner Peter Hals, one Marine Clawesdatter (Wiltfang?), together with
her son "Ødbjørn Petersen kaldet Hals", transferring to her daughter
Katharina a farm and mill in Østermarie parish as her wedding dowry to
Orm Herlichsen. The deceased Peter Hals must have left a huge
inheritance, since the daughter's share consisted of both a farm and a
mill.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,
Ontario, copyright 1990-2002.

UF note
Også Ane 18.218401

Johannes blev gift med ??? ???datter cirka 1370. ??? blev født før 1355; døde cirka 1378 i Bornholm. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Johannes blev gift med Marine Pedersdatter Munk i 1379 i Bornholm. Marine blev født før 1360; døde efter 1380 i Bornholm. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 18.213840 (Garde)

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Anders Galen. Anders (søn af Tue Galen og Elsebe Clausdatter Lang) blev født før 1415 i Näsbyholm, Skåne; døde før 1473 i Herrestad, Skåne. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Cecilie blev gift med Tue Pedersen Rani cirka 1387 i Bornholm. Tue (søn af Peder Tuesen Rani) blev født før 1365 i Hardeberga, Skåne; døde cirka 1391 i Hardeberga, Skåne. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Cecilie blev gift med Bent Pig cirka 1391 i Skåne. Bent blev født før 1375; døde cirka 1409 i Roserød Skåne. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Cecilie blev gift med Hartvig Limbek cirka 1409 i Danmark. Hartvig blev født cirka 1365; døde før 1423. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 17.107793 og 17.110601 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 18.143505 (Sommer)

Notater:

From the 1511 "testamente" of Anders Galen (died 1522):
". . . Mester Peder W Cannik i Lund, mijn kære Frende. . . Item myn kære
Frende Anders W. . . Item Jørgen Hals, X-Marck, 1 wpret Segn, 1 Gryde,
Anne Jørgen Halses Søster ligeledes, meth saadan Skell, ath the skwlle ey
ydherre begære ath ærffwe mig. . . ."

That Peder and Anders Uf are mentioned "frænde" (relatives) and heirs in
the 1511 "testamente" (will) of Anders Andersen Galen of Lund (who died
in 1522), leads to the conclusion that their mother is the sister of
Anders Galen, and thus the daughter of Anders (Tuesen) Galen of Herrestad
in Skåne. After the death of Anders Galen in 1522, his will of 1511 was
contested by the children from his sister's first marriage: Jørgen Hals
(born circa 1464) of "X-Marck" (= Øster Marker = Østermarie) and his
sisters Anne and Else. Jørgen Hals was a freeman (frimand), and the
Commander (Hovedmand) of Hammershus fortress. In "Landet Borringholm",
Sigvard Mahler Dam quotes from the deposition made in 1522 contesting the
will; it reads as follows.

(In the original old Danish:)
"Jag Niels Jiebsen (Bryske). . . gør vitterligt for alle med dette mit
obne Breff, at denne Breffwisere Jørgen Hals er Anders Gallens som døde
udi Lund. . . .rette ecte Søstersøn med ogsaa twenne Søstre som førnævte
Jørgen Hals hafwer paa Borindholm, og hafwer jag spurgt i sandingen at
førnævnte Anders Gallen ingen nærmere rette arvinger hafwer end disse
fornævnte. . . ."

(Which modernized reads approximately as follows:)
"I, Niels Ibsen (Bryske). . . declare to all by means of this open Letter
that the Plaintiff Jørgen Hals is Anders Galen's - who died in Lund. . .
rightful Sister's son, as are his two Sisters whom the aforementioned
Jørgen Hals has in Bornholm, and I have inquired about the truth that the
aforementioned Anders Galen has no closer heirs than the aforementioned.
. . ."

Evidently Anders Galen's daughter had eloped with a member of the
Bornholmer Hals-family, and her brother Anders refused to recognize the
marriage as legitimate, and as a result disinherited her children from
that marriage! Although it would seem that he approved of her marriage
to Otte Pedersen Uf. The case was not settled until 1530, about 18 years
later! In the end it was accepted that the children, and heirs, of n.n.
Andersdatter Galen and (Ødbern, or Peder?) Hals had a legitimate claim on
the estate of Anders Galen, as can be seen below.

In Sigvard Mahler Dam's article "Over hals og hoved. Et romaskrig over
Bornholms land", (SAXO, 1991), he speculates that Jørgen Hals sister
"Else Ødberns" means that Else's (and therefore Jørgen's) father was an
Ødbern Hals, son of Peder Hals. However, as Sigvard states, there is no
record of there being an Ødbern Pedersen Hals; also it is just as
reasonable to interpret "Else Ødberns" as meaning that Else was the wife
of a man named Ødbern. The father of Jørgen, Anne, and Else could very
easily be Peder Hals inheritor of Store Halsegård and Lille Halsegård,
who can be found mentioned in records dating from 1443 and 1457.

From the Landbohistorisk Selskab website (Adkomstregistering for the
years 1513 through 1550), for the year 1530 (no. 243):
1) Axel Poulsen adelig(?) på Bornholm, søn af Anne Poul Olsens, søster
til Jørgen Hals og Anders Galens arving (søsterdatter).
2) Oluf Due, adelig(?) på Bornholm (lever 1523), (er måske sønnesøn af
Oluf Mortensen Due (1435)), gift med datter af Poul Olsen og Anne, Jørgen
Hals's søster, Anders Galens arving.
3) Anders Andersen Galen (Erlandsønnernes linje), (lever 1504 er død før
9 December 1522), gift med n.n. Axelsdatter Saxtrup.
4) Anne Hals (af Bornholm), gift med Poul Olsen og søster til Jørgen
Hals og Else.
5) Else Hals (af Bornholm), gift med Ødbern og søster til Jørgen Hals og
Anne Poul Olsens.
6) Jørgen Hals (af Bornholm), Bornholm (lever 9 December 1522).
7) Hr. Hans, i Lille Marie kirke (= Vester Marie kirke?).
8) Hr. Hans, præst i Øster Marie.
9) Poul Olsen adelig(?), gift med Anne Hals, Anders Galens arving.
10) Hr. Skjalm Berntsen, vikar i Lund, født i Blekinge.
11) Hr. Mourids Jepsen Sparre (i Skåne), til Skurup, fra 1530 flyttet
til Svaneholm, hovedmand på Københavns slot m.m. (død January 1, 1534),
1' gang gift med Karine Pedersdatter Høeg Banner; 2' gang gift med Ide
Thomesdatter Lange.
12) Ødbern boede(?) på Bornholm, gift med Else, Jørgen Hals's søster.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,
Ontario, copyright 1990-2002.

UF note
Også Ane 17.109201

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: ??? Lauridsdatter. ??? blev født i UNKNOWN; døde i UNKNOWN. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Peder blev gift med ??? Ottesdatter Bild cirka 1420 i Fyn, Danmark. ??? (datter af Otte Strangesen Bild) blev født før 1400 i Tange, Gudme district, Fyn, Danmark; døde efter 1420 i Bornholm. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 17.106920 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 17.71800 (Sommer)

Notater:

From the book "Danske adelsvåbener, en heraldisk nøgle", page 418, by
Sven Tito Achen, Politikens Forlag, 1973, København:
Sjællandsfar "I". Tre gange tværdelt, 2. og 4. felt skaktavlet. Farver
og eventuel hjelmfigur kendes ikke. * Uradel, Sjælland. Johannes
Sjællandsfar junior, ridder 1303; Johannes Bosen, kannik i Roskilde
1392. NDA side 262.

(The above translated to English:)
Sjællandsfar "I". Three times transverse partitioned, 2nd and 4th
partition a checkerboard pattern. Colour and eventual helmet-design not
known. * Noble origins: Sjælland. Johannes Sjællandsfar junior, knight,
mentioned in 1303; Johannes Bosen, canon in Roskilde in 1392. See: NDA,
page 262.

From the book "Danske adelsvåbener, en heraldisk nøgle", page 35, by Sven
Tito Achen, Politikens Forlag, 1973, København:
Sjællandsfar "II". Oprejst hvid løve i blåt. På hjelmen samme figur. *
Hr. Erik Sjællandsfar, ridder, 1364; afkom ukendt. NDA side 262.

(The above translated to English:)
Sjællandsfar "II". Upright white lion on blue. On the helmet the same
figure. * Sir Erik Sjællandsfar, knight, mentioned in 1364; descendants
unknown. See: NDA, page 262.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,
Ontario, copyright 1990-2002.

??? blev gift med Ødbern Hals cirka 1455 i (Skåne/Bornholm). Ødbern (søn af Peder Hals) blev født cirka 1430 i Store Halsegård, Østermarie, Danmark; døde cirka 1467 i Store Halsegård, Østermarie, Danmark. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

??? blev gift med Otte Pedersen Uf cirka 1467. Otte (søn af Peder Uf) blev født før 1440 i Danmark; døde cirka 1498 i Prgd. Simblegård, Klemensker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Chief Justice (Landsdomme

Anders blev gift med Anne Sevidsdatter før 1469. Anne (datter af Sevid Nielsen og Kirstine) blev født cirka 1445 i Bornholm; døde efter 1508 i Bornholm. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Land-owner (Proprietær)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 16.53897 og 16.55301 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 17.71753 (Sommer)

Notater:

Fra Bjarne Kofoeds database:

Occupation: Land-owner (Proprietær)
The respected Bornholm historian Dr. M.K. Zarthmann (published in
1931) relates that Otte Pedersen Uf can be found mentioned in records


dating from 1493 and 1497 in which he is mentioned as the owner of
Skovsholm in Ibsker parish; and that it is thought that his wife was
a member of the Galen family. They are attributed as having had at
least four children:
1) Oluf Ottesen, Chief Justice (Landsdommer) of Bornholm from 1508 to


1522;
2) Peder Uf, "Kannik"(?) in Skåne, 1505;
3) Anders Uf, mentioned as "frænde" to Anders Galen in 1511, and
known to have been alive in 1533;
4) a daughter, given name unknown, married to Oluf Tuesen. (The word
"frænde" can mean either "friend" or "relative".)
Dr. Zarthmann attributes Gunhild Uf to be the "datterdatter"
(daughter's daughter) of Otte Pedersen Uf, thus making her the
daugher of Oluf Tuesen and the unkown Uf daughter. While in "1000
Aner til en Skovgårdsslægt", by Edvard Skovgaard, Gunhild Uf is
attributed to be the daughter of Anders Uf and Anne Sevidsdatter of
St. Kannikegård in Bodilsker parish; in 1449, as a wedding present
from her father Sevid Nielsen, they were given the ownership of St.
Kannikegård. This would mean that Edvard Skovgaard's Anders Uf must
have been at least 25 years old in 1449 (25 was the age at which a
man could own land in that era), and thus born before 1426. If he
was the same Anders Uf who was "frænde" to Anders Galen in 1511, then


he would have been at least 107 years old in 1533. It is probable
that Edvard Skovgaard has mistakenly attributed Anders Uf, the son of


Otte Pedersen Uf, to be the same person as Anders Uf of St.
Kannikegård. It has also been presented that Gunhild Uf and her
brothers are the children of Otte Pedersen Uf's son Anders Uf, rather


than that of his daughter and her husband Oluf Tuesen. Edvard
Skovgaard has lain out an ancestry for Anders Uf, of St. Kannikegård,


that leads back to the first King of a united Danmark: "Gorm den
Gamle", or Gorm the Elder, and his wife Thyra Dannebod. History says


that Thyra was the descendant of a long line of Kings in England,
dating back to 400 A.D. It is an accepted fact that the present
Queen of Danmark, Margrethe II, is a descendant of King Gorm; that
all of the Danish royalty since then have numbered among his
descendants. And thus through inter-marriage many of Europe's royal
families, including the British, are his descendants. Edvard
Skovgaard states that Anders Uf was the son of Otte Pedersen Uf (?-
after 1497) and ??? Galen. That ??? Galen was the daughter of Tuve
(Tue) Galen (before 1320-after 1400) of Næsbyholm in Skåne, who in
1345 was made a Knight (Ridder), in 1364 Marschall, and from 1376-83
was "Gældker" (Treasurer?); he married Ingefred Pedersdatter Urup on
April 15, 1345. She was the daughter of Peder Holmgersen Urup (?-
1378), who is a decendant of Cecilie - a daughter of King Knud
(Canute) the Holy (who was a gr-gr-gr-grandson of Gorm the Elder).
Edvard Skovgaard states they had five children. While in the
book "Nachkommen Gorms des Alten" (Descendants of Gorm) by Siegfried


Otto Brenner (published in 1978 by the Danish Genealogy Society),
Tuve Galen is said to be a descendant of Gorm, it does not list ???
Galen. He is recorded in that book as having four children:
Anders Galen (?-after 1399); Peder Galen (?-after 1400); Ingefred
Tuvesdatter Galen (?-1396) married to Johannes Absalonsen Ulfeldt (?-
1396); and ??? Tuvesdatter Galen married to Conrad Isenvorde
(Isenfurt) (?-1396/97), esquire in Skåne. It does NOT list a fifth
child: the un-named Galen daughter married to Otte Pedersen Uf. I
have not included Edvard Skovgaard's lineage of the Uf family in this


database for the simple reason I found the dates and connections to
be rather suspect. Working with those dates that were provided I
found that the un-named Galen woman must have been born between 1345


and 1380 (at the very latest!). As Edvard Skovgaard's Anders Uf was
alive in 1533, it is doubtful that he was born before 1426. Given a
limit to a woman's child-bearing years, by this calculation she could


not (by any stretch of the imagination) have given birth to a child
past 1430. This would mean that Anders Uf would have had to have
lived to at least 105 years old, and have been fathering children at
70-80 years old. Also, since Otte Pedersen Uf was still alive in
1497, it is doubtful he was born before 1400. Meaning that Otte
Pedersen Uf, at 20-30, would have been married to woman at least 20-
30 years older than himself. This whole senario is remotely
possible, but highly unlikely! The Anders Uf of St. Kannikegård was a


nobleman (adelsmand) and is described as a "Storbonde"; I am not sure


of the word's exact meaning, however: stor=great and bonde=farmer, so


I suspect it means he was the holder of large amounts of land farmed
by "vornedskabe" peasants. In the middle-ages the peasants had been
declared "vornedskabe" (bound), this meant that the descendants of
tenured peasants could be forced to stay on the "vornedegaard" they
were working, and it gave the owner of the farms the right to recall
a dead peasant's heir to take over working the land. By the 1500s
those tenured peasants who lived on manor-owned farms worked off a
portion of their taxes by service in the manor's fields. That said,
it is still possible that the Uf-family of Bornholm is descended from


Gorm; being as that they were of minor Danish nobility, and on
account of the nobility's tendancy to inter-marry amongst themselves.


They seem to have been connected to families, (i.e. the Galen-
family) known to be descended from Gorm; however, the possible
connection is far from certain and will probably remain that way! The


first member of the noble Uf-family to appear in Bornholm's
historical records was Hans Uf, who was appointed commander of
Hammershus fortress by his mother's brother Niels Jonsen, who was
Archbishop of Lund from 1361-1379. During a long winter stay at the
fortress the Archbishop died on February 5, 1379. Two days
previously he had written his testament, wherein he left to Hans Uf
his large gilded silver-horn and two silver cups, also 40 Marks in
silver to cover expenses for flour, malt, and other items used during


his stay. As well he received the rights to six dwellings in Listed
fishing-village, which he had had built for the Archbishop, and which


brought in 6 Marks silver in yearly rent. During Hans Uf's long term
of office he acquired land in the region north-west of Svaneke. The
Archbishop also thought of Hans Uf's daughter Cecilie, leaving her a
gold ring. She was later married three times, all of her husbands
were noblemen from Skåne. She outlived them all and in 1427 she
bestowed a gilded silver-chalice to Nyker Church, which is still in
use, it bears the Uf-family coat-of-arms - with its characteristic
truss (sparren) - and the inscription: "Madame Cecilie gave this
chalice to All-Saints Church, pray for my soul." This indicates that


the Uf-family had a home-farm in Nyker parish.

UF-note
Også Ane 16.54601

Otte blev gift med ??? Andersdatter Galen cirka 1467. ??? (datter af Anders Galen og Karine Jepsdatter Rani) blev født cirka 1435 i Herrestad, Skåne; døde cirka 1475 i Prgd. Simblegård, Klemensker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Otte blev gift med , Olufsdatter cirka 1475. blev født før 1460; døde efter 1480. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 16.35900 (Sommer)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 16.53460 (Garde)

Notater:

"In A.D. 928 Henry the Fowler, marching across the frozen bogs, took
Brannibor, a chief fortress of the Wends" [sources: "Reichs-Historie",
Kohler (Frankfurth und Leipzig, 1737), p. 63; "Chur-und Furstlichen
Hauser in Deutschland", Michaelis (Lemgo, 1759, 1760, 1785), i. 255].
Probably, at that time, a town of clay huts, with dirt and palisaded
sod-wall round it; certainly "a chief fortress of the Wends," -- who must
have been a good deal surprised at the sight of Henry on that rimy winter
morning near a thousand years ago.

Henry, called "the Fowler" (Heinrich der Vogler) because he was in his
"Vogelheerde" (Falconry or Hawk-establishment, seeing his Hawks fly) in
the upland Hartz Country in 919 when messengers came to tell him that the
German Nation, through its Princes and Authorities assembled at Fritzlar,
had made him King; and that he would have dreadful work henceforth.
Which he undertook -- warring all his days against chaos in that country,
no rest for him until he died. The beginning of German Kings; the first,
or essentially the first sovereign of a united Germany - Charlemagne's
posterity to the last bastard having died out, and only Anarchy, Italian
and others, being the alternative.

Anne blev gift med Poul Olsen cirka 1485 i Bornholm. Poul (søn af Oluf Jensen) blev født før 1460 i 47. sgd. Bjergegård, Vestermarie Sogn; døde cirka 1520 i 47. sgd. Bjergegård, Vestermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Anne blev gift med Hans Borreby cirka 1520. Hans blev født før 1500; døde cirka 1533 i 47. sgd. Bjergegård, Vestermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Commander (Høvedsmand) of
• Ane-nr.: HL2 note

Notater:

According to Kure's farm-list Jørgen Hals owned owned Store Halsegård(later called Gadebygård) and Lille Halsegård (later called Halsegård),both proprietair-farms in Østermarie parish. According to Kure'sfarm-list his daughter was married to Hans Berildsen, later chief justicefor Bornholm.

The following has been extracted from a translation of the article"Landet Borringholm: Bornholmsk-skånske slægtskredse", part 2, by SigvardMahler Dam, published in SAXO, 1986:

Otte Pedersen Uf's wife had previously been married to a Bornholmer, andthat is how she came to live on Bornholm. It appears that she had runaway with esquire Peder Hals against the wishes of her family, for AndersGalen in Lund refused to acknowledge her children from her firstmarriage! She had at least three children (1 son and 2 daughters) whenshe married Otte Uf. Anders Galen's will caused great controversy andthe probate proceedings to 21 years to be finalized! Otte's first wifedied around 1480 and he married for the second time to an unnameddaughter of Oluf (any evidence for this? - Norman Madsen), and they had ason, Oluf Ottesen, and a daughter, who became the founder of the secondBornholm Uf-family line. The youngest son, Oluf Ottesen appears as awitness in a document from 1497 and borrows his father's seal (there aretwo identical seals on the document), so he must have been very young.Oluf and his sister were not named in Anders Galen's will of 1511, sotherefore their mother is not his sister.

The freeman Jørgen Hals of Østermarie and his two sisters felt cheatedwhen they were read Anders Galen's will, in which they figured only thus:

(In the original old Danish)
"Item Jørgen Hals X Mark, 1 wpret Segn, 1 Gryde, Anne Jørgen HalsesSøster ligeledes, meth saadan Skell, ath the skwlle ey ydherre begære athærffwe mig."

(Which modernized reads in English approximately as follows)
"Item: Jørgen Hals, Østermarie, 1 complete Bed, 1 Cooking-pot, JørgenHals' sister Anne receives the same, with the understand that they willinherit nothing more."

From the choice of above words we can see there was no love lost betweenAnders Galen and the Hals-family. He even forgot to include the othersister! Did he not wish to acknowledge the relationship? Is it that atthe time they were not the best of friends, or was there a more sinisterreason? Why acknowledge the two Uf children, and not the three olderHals? A clue can be found in the following declaration given by theCommander of Hammershus in 1522 (59):

(In the original old Danish)
"Jag Niels Jiebsen (Bryske). . . gør vitterligt for alle med dette mitobne Breff, at denne Breffwisere Jørgen Hals er Anders Gallens som dødeudi Lund. . . rette ecte Søstersøn med ogsaa twenne Søstre som førnavnteJørgen Hals hafwer paa Borindholm, og hafwer jag spurgt I sandignen atførnævnte Anders Gallen igen nærmere rette arvinger hafwer end dissefornævnte. . . ."

(Which modernized reads in English approximately as follows)
"I, Niels Ibsen (Bryske). . . declare to all by means of this open Letterthat the Plaintiff Jørgen Hals is Anders Galen's - who died in Lund. . .rightful Sister's son, as are his two Sisters whom the aforementionedJørgen Hals has in Bornholm, and I have inquired about the truth that theaforementioned Anders Galen has no closer heirs than the aforementioned.. . ."

This was not considered to be sufficient proof, perhaps the commander wasnot considered to be a knowledgeable enough witness, since he had notbeen on Bornholm very long and could not have known of the details firsthand, he must have had to ask around. Therefore the case was put beforethe "Landsting" (Senate) in Åkirkeby on May 22, 1522. The details werediscussed, witnesses were heard, and finally a document was drawn up andsealed by the most important officials on Bornholm: 1) the Commander ofHammershus, Niels Ibsen; 2) Jørgen Hals' step-brother Chief Justice OlufOttesen (Uf); 3) Jørgen Gagge, who had been made a freeman 20 yearspreviously and was an illegitimate born member of the Gagge-family ofSkåne; 4) Hans Borreby of Borgegård; 5) Anders Kos in Ibsker parish (ofKåsegård); 6) and the invaders from Lübeck, Peder Kofoed, and 7) MortenLassen, both mayors in Rønne; 8) Lauritz Jul from an old anddistinguished family and a bailiff in Østermarie parish; 9) Hans Pedersenfrom Østermarie parish; 10) and finally the document was signed by thebailiff for Åker parish, Peder Munck. The document reads as follows (60):

(In the original old Danish)
". . . wor skicket for os och for menige Almue. . . beskenden mand JørgenHals, hvilken gik frem. . . och bespurgte sig om det var dem vitterligt,om han og hans søskende er ægte og rette fødte baade af fader och moder,og om det var dem vitterligt at de hørte Anders Gallen til der døde iLund, Gud naade hans sjæl, eller om de burde staai arv efter samme AndersGallen for ægtheds skyld, og arve ham deres døde frænde og slægtning somloven udviser som er ægte og rette baade af fader og moder. Der tilsvarede alle mænd som deraf vidste og bad dem Gud til hjælp, at de ikkeandet vidste med fornævnte Jørgen Hals og hans syskende end at de er ægteog ægtefødte og bør saavel arve deres del efter fornævnte Anders Gallenmed lige og rette saa meget som dem rettelig kan tilfalde efter loven."

(Which modernized reads in English approximately as follows)
". . . the modest man Jørgen Hals presented himself before us and askedif we would attest that he and his siblings are legitimate born both offather and mother, and further attest that they were relatives of AndersGalen who died in Lund, God bless his soul, and that they are the sameAnders Galen's legitimate heirs. To his all the men with God's helpanswered that they were convinced the forenamed Jørgen Hals and hissiblings are legitimate and therefore entitled to inherit their portionfrom the aforementoned Anders Galen in accordance with the just processof law."

This document finally saw the heirs receive more than the 10 Mark and afully made-up bed! They received estate-property in Hyltebierg(Hylteberga, Skurup parish, Vemmenhög district) in Skåne, to be dividedinto three parts. A deed dated July 2, 1523 documents (61) that JørgenHals, and his sister's son Axel Poulsen, and Axel's brother-in-law OlufDue of Østermarie, sold their inheritance to Mourids Jepsön (Sparre) ofSkurup - namely four farmsteads, with the request that he yearly supplythe clergyman in Skurup with 1 Skilling worth of "grot" (produce?) forthe souls of their parents. The sister Else did not sell her portion ofthe property, maybe she moved there, as after 1530 there is no furthermention of her.

The inheritance case was not quite over with! After the above mentionedsale of property, maybe from around 1530 there is another document. Theclergymen Hr. Hans for Østermarie and Hr. Hans for Vestermarie attestthat "Jørgen Hals, Anne Poul Olsens, Else Ødberns" are the legitimateheirs of Anders Galen, and that he was the true brother of their mother.The clergymen along with several other good Danes swear on their Soul'sHoliness that the above heirs had received no more property than that inHyltebierg after Anders Galen. Next we learn that Hr. Skelm(Gyldenstjerne) was the dean of the clergy on Bornholm when Jørgen Halsand his two sisters were born and christened; he died in Lund and hadbeen born in Blekinge. He had resided at Spidlegård in Åker parish whenhe was the Dean for Bornholm.

We have no further information on Jørgen Hals affairs, so he had probablypassed away and his heirs might have needed the above document attestingto their legitimacy. Maybe the document relates to Jørgen Hals' sister,the widowed Anne, who from 1533 through 1537 was involved in a legaldispute with the heirs of her second husband. The clergymen fromØstermarie - Jørgen Hals home parish - and from Vestermarie, where Annahad her property, were involved as witnesses in the court case.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,Ontario, copyright 2006.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Dean (Domprovst) for Lund
• Ane-nr.: note

Notater:

Peder Uf never married; he was the Dean (Domprovst) in Lund from
1497-1518. His name can be found in records from 1505 and 1511 as canon
(kannik) in Lund.
This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,
Ontario, copyright 1990-2001.

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 15.26949 og 15.27651 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 16.35877 (Sommer)
• Beskæftigelse: fra 1508 til 1522; Landsdommer

Notater:

Note(kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

Oluf Ottesen (Uf) was a freeman (frimand), and was Chief Justice (Landsdommer) for Bornholm from 1508-1522, this during the period in which Hanseatic League free-city of Lübeck was in control of Bornholm. In 1510 he was ordered to travel to Lübeck, and on July 16th he was asigner of the "Landets Overenskomst" agreement, in which the Lübeck'ers demanded extortionary amounts of tax-payments from Bornholm's populace. He probably lived on Simlegård (a.k.a. Simblegård) in Klemensker. According to Zarthmann he can be found mentioned in documents dating from 1508 and 1522. (Source: Bornholmske Samlinger, volume 16, page 139.)

From the "Dansk adelsvåbner, en heraldisk nøgle", by Sven Tito Achen, Politikens Forlag, 1973, København:
Uf "I". Våben: En sparre (rød i hvidt? se Heraldisk Tidsskrift nr. 23, 1971, side 111). (Arms: A chevron (red on white?) see H.T.) Hjelmfigur ukendt. (Helmet unknown.) Uradel, Skåne. (Noble origins: Skåne.) Niels Uf, 1302; Oluf Ottesen, landsdommer på Bornholm 1522. NDA side 299.

Oluf Ottesen (Uf) is known to have been alive in 1522, and is recorded asbeing deceased in a document dated October 2, 1546.

The following has been extracted from a translation of the article "Landsdommer-patriciatet på Bornholm", part 1, by Sigvard Mahler Dam, published in SAXO, 1987:

As an institution the Danish Landsting (High Court or Parliament) probably stems from the old Germanic tradition of the folkeforsamling (gathering of the people), wherein all the arms bearing warriors met to talk over their common concerns and make necessary decisions. Later, during the Middle Ages, the High Court was the meeting place only for Frie Mænd, which constituted the kingdoms upper-class of frimænd (freemen) and selvejerbønderne (freehold farm-owners); the fæstebønder (copyhold peasants) and trælle (slaves), which constituted the vast majority of the Danish populace, were not allowed to participate. Needles to say, the king had the ultimate say on any given issue.

However, during the 1200s things changed: the king probably became too busy and therefore he appointed a substitute to oversee each county's gathering. By the 1300s the man chosen by the king to represent him in each of the counties was known as a Landsdommer (Chief Justice); further, the king now also appointed a group of 8 to 12 men from each county to sit alongside that county's judge on 4 stokke (benches); they were known as the Tingmændene (or Stokkemændene).

Under each county's Landsting were a number of lower courts, the Herredsting (District Court). Bornholm had its own Landsting, which was situated in the middle of the island near Aa Kirke (Aa Church) – this probably had a great impact on the growth of Åkirkeby, which was the only township on the island without a harbour. The judgement of a Landsting could only be overruled during a Herredag (Herre: Gentleman, Master, or Lord; and dag: day), wherein the king himself presided. Each county's Landsting also functioned as a local Herreting, for a freeman could not be judged by his local Herredsting, but rather only by his county's Landsdommer, who - as another freeman - was his social equal. This obviously favoured the kingdom's freemen over their fellow citizens – and they often took advantage of this situation. (see note nr. 1)

During this period of transition Bornholm's Landsting issued a document on May 24th 1319. (note 2) From this document we can see that Bornholm's ting (gathering of people) still looked much like the old Germanic folketing: there was as yet no judge chosen by the King, as documents from that time shows was the case for Sjælland's Landsting. A few of the King's men are noted as being present, perhaps on account of the particulars of the case in question - unfortunately there are no other documents to compare with, so we can not know for certain. At the May 1319 meeting of the Landsting the participants ask for the King's intervention against the Archbishop's encroachments, and at the same time promising to help their king with all their might: ". . . vi der bebor fornævnte land alle som en er kommet sammen, vi har med alles enstemmige raad og samtykke ved vor tro lovet nævnte vor herre kongens udsending paa samme konges vegne med mod himlen hævede hænder og svoret, at vi i fasthed vil staa nævnte herre konge bi mod all og tro tjene ham. . . til vidnesbyrd herom har vi ladet nævnte lands segl og de gode mænd, ridder Jens Kandes, ridderne Tule Mus' og Peder Mogensens segl hænge under dette brev." (. . . we who live here have all come together and agreed to swear our allegiance with our hands outstretched up to Heaven to our king as faithful servants. . . and as witness to above we place our land's sealand the good men, Knight Jens Kande's, and the Knights Tule Mus' and Peder Mogensen's seals are placed onto this document.)

We can easily imagine them gathered on that beautiful day in May under the open sky by Aa Church, whereupon they discussed the state of affairs and finally all as one, with their hands stretched towards Heaven, asked their king to come to their aid. We also find that, as is the case for each township, Bornholm's Landsting had its own seal. Later it became the norm for only the Landsdommer and Tingmændene to seal documents, and so the Bornholmer Landsting seal was never seen again.

Queen Margrethe's Laws of 1396 bestowed far greater responsibility and influence to the Landsdommer than ever before: ". . . landsdommeren skal dømme alle ret og skel imellem, som han vil forsvare det for Gud og kongen" (. . . the chief justice must set forth a just verdict for every case, a verdict worthy of God and king). Still it was seldom for the judge to act alone, as was commonly seen only after the Reformation. Maybe this is why the Lübeckers (who ruled Bornholm from 1525-1575) complained when the king chose two "bisiddere" (besiddere: officials) to sit alongside their chosen judge because of his partiality and bias. Finally, on November 16th 1597 (note 3) a decree was issued that the chief justice and his official clerk could only issue judgements.

The Right to choose the "Landsdommer":
As a rule it was the king's privilege to choose, which of course stemmed from the custom of having an official of the crown present at the Landsting - we have only a few instances wherein a "Lensmand" (Feudal Lord) has chosen the judge, probably with the king's approval. (note 4) This might very well be the case on Bornholm, which was the archbishop's lien, and so the Archbishop of Lund had the right to choose the judges. The first known chief justice for Bornholm, Peter Bosen, had been made a nobleman by the archbishop on account of his faithful service, and on June 6th 1443 he swore allegiance to the archbishop. This, of course, does not prove anything - but does look to be suspicious. A judge received taxes from several farmsteads on top of his income as a judge, which supposedly would make it unnecessary for him to take bribes. The farms in question belonged to the archbishopric during the 1400s. After the Reformation the king took back the Church's possessions, and Bornholm had been described in the early tax books as being under "den gejstlige jurisdiktion" (ecclesiastical jurisdiction) (note 5), and it is interesting to note that it was always the property previously under the Church's jurisdiction that were given as lien to the chief justice – and we can even see that it is mostly the same farms given in lien down through the years, from the first lien document of 1448 until the last in 1629! Even in the tax protocols the residents of these Vornede-gaarde (peasant farms) are named as being "Landsdommer bønder" (the chief justice's peasants).

So we can presume that the Archbishop of Lund had the right to choose the chief justice up to the time of the Reformation. After that event the king confiscated the Church's estates and thus should have the right to choose the island's Landsdommer, but by then Bornholm had been given as lien to the free-city of Lübeck. Early on we find that a couple of the king's chosen justices receiving some of the formerly ecclesiastical estates, however they supported an open rebellion against Lübeck. As the next two justices seemed to be friendly towards Lübeck we might suspect that the right of choosing had been taken over by the Lübeckers. Which is probably why we next find the king's foged (bailiff) confiscating the ecclesiastical estates from the Lübeck friendly Landsdommer. Leaving us with the situation wherein the estate lands farmed by the "Landsdommerbønder" were under the jurisdiction of the king's bailiff, and therefore not obliged to pay taxes to Lübeck or their representative!

The Status of the Island's Chief Justices:
The legislations of 1513 and 1523 stated explicitly that chief justices had to be noblemen - none the less we often see it written that on Bornholm the chief justice often was not a freeman. However, this is a mistake based on two out-dated treatises written on Bornholm's freemen by Jørgensen and Zarthmann (note 6), which suffers greatly from something you could call "a Bornholmer inferiority complex"! Many a hair has turned grey and much paper has been wasted trying to explain why Bornholm's freemen could not be noblemen, even though they were tax exempt and served valiantly to defend their island. The freemen were remnants of the past. After the end of the Viking era the nobility began to take form: as a reward for performing military duty a man was given freeman status, which meant having tax free status on your farm. As time went by some men acquired more land and farmsteads, and they became known as "høj adelen" (high nobility); others had only one tax-free farm, and they often served as fogeder (bailiffs) for the king or were lensmændene (feudal lords), and they became known as "lav adelen" (low nobility). The difference between the low nobility and the selvejerbønder (freehold farm-owners) was not a great distinction, and many inter-marriages took place, and not only on Bornholm! The Bornholmer freemen were known as low nobility, and they did not disappear until the middle of the 1600s -and therefore lasted for nearly 100 years longer than their counterparts in the rest of Denmark. The coronation ceremonies of the 1600s show us that Bornholm is the only place in all of Denmark where the freemen performed the ceremony separately from the peasantry, and also from the Commandant of Hammershus Fortress (who was of the high nobility). The Bornholm officers were not able to keep pace with the development of the nobility in the rest of the country because they were prohibited from founding dynasties with counts and barons. The frigårdene (freemen's farms) could no longer keep their distinct status, and at the death in 1668 of the last freeman, Berild Hansen, they disappeared to be swallowed up among the freehold farm-owners.

In the following we will see that the island's chief justices were ranked among the nobility (only in the 1650s do we first see a chief justice of common heritage) and what is more: they formed a local upper-class which inter-married. We can trace from the earliest known chief justices up to Mads Kofoed who died in 1646. Some of the justices could even trace their ancestry back to the commanders of Hammershus in the Middle Ages.

Peter Bosen:
The first known chief justice on Bornholm, Peter Boesen, was the faithful servant of the Archbishop of Lund. Peter was made a freeman on April 26th 1412, and as well the archbishop conferred free status on all his legitimate male descendants. (note 7) At the same time he was issued a coat of arms, which was similar to that of the Drefeldt family – which can be seen by their seals on documents. The above newly minted freeman officer, Peter Bosen, was probably already married and with children, as in 1429 he appears to have a son of legal age, Bo Pedersen, an officer in Pedersker parish who owned a part of a farmstead together with Officer Hans Bentsen from the neighbouring Bodilsker parish. The only freeman's farm in Pedersker is the later named Eskesgård, and since a family which used "Bent" as a prominently re-occuring name resided at Eskesgård later on, it seems very probable that the farm which Bo Pedersen had a deed of convience on in 1429 was an inheritance after his mother, and that his mother must be from the "Bent-family", as it looks like Peter Bosen's family-line stopped with his son Bo, who even died before his father, which would indicate that some of Peter Bosen's sibling's children inherited their farms.

On March 29th 1416 Peter Bosen paid 5 silver Mark for a deed of conveyance on some land in Åby, in Nyker parish, from "væbner Splid"; the Åby land consisted of two freehold farms (nr. 23 and 24) (note 8), on both sides of Åby Brook - later called Muleby Brook. Not too far from Åby is Kyndegård, a freeman's estate; signifying that this was "tingsted" (a gathering place for Tingmændene). Kyndegård was a farm for the herredfoged (the district's bailiff), which leads us to presume that Peter Bosen was the bailiff for Rønne Herred (later called Vestre Herred) before he was appointed the island's chief justice. (note 9)

As chief justice we find Peter Bosen mentioned in two documents dated June 5th 1429 and July 13-20th 1429 wherein he places his seal on two private deeds of conveyance, which is where we first encounter his son Bo. On November 7th 1433 he undersigns a High Court judgement, and on June 6th 1443, alongside other freemen, he swore his allegiance to the Archbishop of Lund. He probably reached a very old age before he passed away sometime within the next five years.

Sevid Nielsen:
In a document dated July 16th 1448 we first encounter the next chief justice for Bornholm, and he must have been only recently appointed, as in that document he acknowledges receiving from the Archbishop in Lund a lifetime deed given to him, and his wife Kirstine, to a hovedgård (manorfarm) and its 8 vornedegårder (copyhold peasant farms) spread out over five parishes. These farms are probably the same ecclesiastical estatelands that we later find under the pervue of following island's chief justices. This is the first chief justice deed of conveyance document known on Bornholm.

From their daughter's arms we can see that the family's shield is vertically divided into two fields, with the first field displaying a half fleur-de-lis attached to the partition - exactly the same shield as that used by the Clausen-Køller family!

During Sevid Nielsen's time there are long gaps in the historical record, and the next time he is mentioned is also the last before his death: on February 2nd 1469 the archbishop commanded "Sevidh Landsdommer" to summon Peder Lauridsen's heirs in Ibsker parish to court vs. Per Lang of "Walløse" (Vollsjö in Færs district, Skåne). Twenty years as chief justice is a long time, and soon after this Sevid Nielsen died.

Anders Uf:
Anders Uf, the son of Otte Pedersen Uf and his wife from the Galen-family, had married Sevid Nielsen's daughter, Anne, and we have an undated document stating that the couple had been deeded the manor farmand its 8 attached copyhold peasant farms previously belonging to Sevid Nielsen. The old deed of 1448 stated that Sevid Nielsen could occupy the manor until his death, meaning that by now he must have passed away, and his son-in-law Anders Uf had been appointed as his successor. However, no documents were saved from his time as chief justice. An "Anders Uf min kære frænde" (Anders Uf my dear relative) is mentioned in Anders Galen's will of 1511, but since Chief Justice Anders Uf was dead for many years, the person mentioned must be his son, who in 1499 - after studying in Lund - was admitted on November 26th to Greifswald University: "Andreas U de Bornholm"; on that same day the son of Lund citizen was also admitted: "Tycho Nicolai de civitate Lundensi", they achieved Baccalaureate (Bachelor's degree) in 1500 and were probably fellow travellers. The "Hr. Peder Uf, min kære frænde" mentioned in Anders Galen's will, must have been the son of the younger Anders Uf's father's brother; there seems to be no other possibilities, since Anders Galen is not related to the rest of the Uf-family. Anders Galen's sister had three children in another marriage: Jørgen Hals and his sisters Anne and Else, but Anders Galen would not accept them, and according to several documents he considered them illegitimate. (note 10)

(Note: I disagree with the above assertion that the Anders Uf who was married (before 1469) to Anne Sevidsdatter is the son of Otte Pedersen Uf (-1493-1497-); I believe it more likely that Chief Justice Anders Uf is the brother of Otte Pedersen Uf. And that the Anders Uf and Peder Uf mentioned in the 1511 will are brothers, the sons of Otte Pedersen Uf and his wife from the Galen-family; that the very reason they are mentioned in the will is because they are the nephews of Anders Galen. – Norman Lee Madsen, September 19, 2003)

Jacob Split:
Anders Uf's widow, Anne Sevidsdatter, now married Jacob (or Jep) Split, who immediately thereafter became the next chief justice for Bornholm!!!Maybe their marriage had taken place in 1487 when officials in Lund deeded "Jacobus Splijt" four farms on Bornholm - perhaps they were several of the "Landsdommerbønder" (the chief justice's peasants). The first time he is mentioned as chief justice is in letters dated: August 14th 1490, next on July 2nd 1491, and then on July 10th 1493; the letters all concerned the personal affairs of Per Lang of Vollsjö, and it's indeed thanks to Per Lang's private archives that these few documents concerning Bornholm have been preserved.

On August 10th 1497 yet another farm was deeded to Per Lang, and the deed of conveyance document was witnessed by a varied group from the upperclass: Chief Justice Jep Split, Per Truelsen (of the Baad-family in Halland - probably a cousin of Split), Otte Pedersen Uf, and Oluf Ottesen Uf (Otte' son, and a future chief justice)! Jep Split's seal can still be recognized under several of these documents, it displayed a "geddekæft" (a pike's jawbone, aka: "halv hummerklo" = half lobster claw) on the shield, and in his seal is written: "Andreas Split", so he must have inherited his father's seal (on June 6th 1443 Andreas is referred to as Andreas "Splid Ipsen").

Both of Anne Sevidsdatter's husbands could count among their ancestors commanders of Hammershus. Jep Split descended from a daughter of Jacob Split (originally Splitaf), an faithful military officer under King Valdemar Atterdag. Jacob Split was from Jylland, and was installed as commander of Hammershus after it was retaken in 1361. (note 11) The following commander, Jens Uf, was the great-grandfather of Chief Justice Anders Uf, and they all were counted among the nobility. There is no evidence that Anne Sevidsdatter gave birth to any children, and the Split-family seems to have died out. Later, in the 1500s, a family: "The Bjergegaard-family" appears, using the exact same arms as that belonging to Jep Split. They can not be direct descendants of Jep Split, so it seems likely that they are a branch of the family which stopped using the Split family-name during the 1400s. Chief Justice Laurids Pedersen, whom we will meet later, was a member of that branch.

A key document dating from July 10th 1508 concerning the above two justices is Anne Sevidsdatter's gift to the cathedral in Lund in the amount of 200 Lübeck-Mark to honour her family. Anne's seal can be found on the document, which mentions both of her deceased husbands, and it is canon Peder Uf of Lund who manages the donation to the cathedral, which states that if the church neglects the saying of Mass for her soul, then the Uf-family can rightfully take back the 200 Mark - the Reformation is on the way! Her other relations also act as witnesses: Oluf Ottesen(Uf), who by this time was himself chief justice and that half brother of the younger Anders Uf (common father), Jørgen Hals was next (he was Anders Uf's half brother - common mother), and freeman Jens Olsen of Klemensker (possibly Oluf Ottesen's mother's brother?), and finally Oluf Jensen of Bjergegård in Vestermarie (his son was married to a niece of Jørgen Hals).

Oluf Ottesen (Uf):
Oluf, Otte Pedersen Uf's youngest son (from a second marriage to the sister of Jens Olsen of Klemensker?), had a sister, whose name likewise is not known, but who is known to have been married to freeman Oluf Tuesen of Klemensker; the fact that neither of these siblings are mentioned in Anders Galen's will of 1511 (while their brothers Anders Uf and Peder Uf are mentioned), must mean that Otte Pedersen Uf was married twice. Oluf Ottesen is first mentioned, alongside his father, as a witness to a private deed of conveyance on August 10th 1497, and he was so young that he did not have a seal of his own and so he placed his father's seal under his signature; later he would cease using Uf family-name altogether.

This was a rough period for Bornholm's chief justice! King Christian II tried to prevent the Hanseatic Merchant League's free trade by strengthening the native merchants. The Hansa hit back with a massive war effort: on August 31st 1509 the Hansa navy landed on Bornholm and threatened the populace with murder and fire, which the Bornholmers chose not to risk. They agreed to pay a fire-tax of 4,000 Lübeck marks and to hand over eight hostages. (note 12) The following year Denmark was in open conflict with the Hansa, who responded by sending a fleet of 30 vessels to Bornholm. But this time the islanders mobilized and met the fleet with fortifications around Nexø, however things turned out badly: the archbishop's commander turned tail and ran, he jumped on his horse and retreated to Hammershus fortress, and the Bornholmers fled like frightened sheep. Nexø was burned down until only three houses were left standing, and in Åkirkeby fires were also started before negotiatons were started. Over in the rest of Denmark it was rumoured that all of Bornholm had been burned down - it was not that bad, but its coffers had to be emptied to avoid that fate! On July 12th 1510 a treaty was signed with humiliating conditions: 4,000 gold coins - a huge sum of money, and 8,000 measures of pure silver. Also, three hostages were given over until the debt was fully paid, they were: Pastor Peder Laurentsen of Ibsker parish, "Peter Kovoth" (Peder Kofoed, who was from Lübeck), and Jens Skaaning. (note 13) Chief Justice Oluf Ottesen acted as there presentative for Bornholm, since the Commander of Hammershus was still hiding in the fortress!

Oluf is mentioned several more times in the following years in his official capacity as chief justice, the last time on May 22nd 1522 when he, together with a number of "good men" from the Landsting, witnessed that Jørgen Hals and his two sisters, Anne and Else, are legitimate and rightful heirs after Anders Galen of Lund. Below this document his sealis well preserved, and we can see the Uf-family arms, with its "sparre"(chevron) on the shield, and the helmet with its two vessel-horns.

Oluf Ottesen probably married a daughter of Hans Myre, of Klinteby in Ibsker, and along with her inherited her family-farm, which became part of the Uf-family property for several generations. Their only child was named Hans Olufsen.

Notes:
1) Regarding the nordic landsting: "Kulturhistorisk Lexicon for Nordisk Middelader", under "Landsting" and "Domare". See also W. Christensen's "Dansk Statsforvaltning i det 15. Århundrede", København, 1903.

2) "Danmarks Riges Breve"/DRB, 2nd edition, volume 8, nr. 103; regarding further happenings on Bornholm see also SAXO 1985 yearbook, page 45.

3) "Kancelliets Brevbøger", see the date mentioned.

4) "Kult. Lex." (see note nr. 1), volume 3, page 154, shows one example, but we surmise that in the mid-1400s on Bornholm it was the right of the archbishop, and in the mid-1500s, in a few cases, it was the right of the Lübeckers - see the following.

5) The ecclesiatical jurisdiction entailed the management of all farms which before the 1536 Reformation belonged to the Lund Archbishopric, and which were later taken over by the king and managed by his bailiff. The take over of church property took place while the Lübeckers had Bornholm under their 50 year lease, and since the king wished to take away as much power from the Lübeckers as possible, he used his bailiff (as well as the island's chief justice) as his resistance fighters.

6) "Væbnere, adel og frimand på Bornholm", by J.A. Jørgensen, Rønne, 1905, is hopelessly out of date, and only refers to "Hübertz Aktstykker til Bornholms Historie"/Hüb. and that only superficially; the author did not even try to document family relationships, the only family researched by him is the Kofoed-family, and his family tree is incorrectly written down and not even verified by "Hüb.", in spite of this it later found its way into "Danmarks Adels Årbog"/DAA, 1906 edition, under "Kofoed". Not a milestone in Bornholm's historical literature! "Bornholms Frimænd" by M.K. Zahrtmann in "Bornholmske Samlinger", volume 16, Rønne, 1920, pages 120-159, is a bit better, although still out of date. Some of the "Væbnere" (arms carriers) have been incorrectly documented, something easily avoided if the author had checked their seals. He insisted that it was impossible to trace a Bornholm officer-family over three generations, which is indeed nonsense. Further mistakes include Jacob Køller's seal (see under "Sevid Nielsen", this article), where he states that Jacob carried the Brahe-family arms (which is displays a pole instead of a half fleur-de-lis!). Also, that Captain Anders Hansen (in the 1600s) belonged to the Lang-family (coat of arms: three oak-leaves), even though it had been over 100 years since the family had been on Bornholm, and that Anders Hansen carried a rose in his arms. A further mistake is that of Mette Hansdatter's arms (the wife of Chief Justice Peder Hansen Uf), he changed her half lobster claw (aka pike's jawbone) to one ant in order to make her fit into his faulty hypothesis, etc.,etc.

7) "Svensk Diplomatarium"/SD, 2nd volume, nr. 496.

8) Østre (Eastern) and Vestre (Western) Åbygård, but it is not likely that the "væbner" (arms carrier) bought these freehold farms; for these freemen were only allowed to buy "frigods" (free-estates) or "vornedegårde" (copyhold peasant farms), otherwise their entire landholdings were subject to be heavily taxed as per an old ecclesiastic (archbishopric) law.

9) "Bornholms Stednavne", København 1950-51, volume 1, (Nyker parish, Vestre district); Kyndegård: a name derived from the old-danish "kynde" (bekyndtgøre = make a statement). Possibly this was a "tingsted" (meeting place for the court) and the residence for the district's bailiff.

10) "Kirkehistoriske Samlinger", 4th edition, VI, page 373, ("Danske og Norske Studenter i Greifswald"). Anders Galen's will of November 19th 1511 ("Repertoriet" / Rep. Dipl. II edition, Nr. 11962) and witnessed by Commander Niels Jepsen (Bryske) in 1522, recorded in Bornholm's Landstingmeeting on May 22nd 1522 (in "Hüb." nr. 62 and 64: the originals with seals in Mogens Gyldenstjerne's private archives, packet F.9. in Rigsarkivet/RA); a parish testimonial of 1530? mentions the two sisters ("Hüb." nr. 78 - Topographisk Samlinger RA, Bornholm, nr. 119). For further information see in the yearbook "SAXO", 1986, page 79.

11) "SAXO", 1986, page 71.

12) Jørn Klindt's excellent book: "På spor af de første Kofod'er", Rønne, 1979; he states his source as "Hanserecesse III.5, 31 Aug. 1509".

13) As with note nr. 12: "Hanserecesse III.6", note on page 97; July 5th 1510, July 16th 1510, November 20th 1510, and August 15th 1511. See also "Hüb." nr. 42.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Oluf blev gift med nn Hansdatter Myre cirka 1505. nn (datter af Hans Pedersen Myre) blev født cirka 1485 i 6. vgd. Fuglsangsgård, Klinteby, Ibsker Sogn; døde i fra 1510 til 1575 i Prgd. Simblegård, Klemensker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Margrethe blev gift med Oluf Tuesen cirka 1498. Oluf blev født før 1475; døde i 1500 i Kravhavegård, Klemensker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 15.17950 (Sommer)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 15.26730 (Garde)

NN blev gift med Oluf Due før 1523. Oluf blev født før 1495; døde cirka 1524 i 47. sgd. Bjergegård, Vestermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

NN blev gift med Hans Pedersen Myhre cirka 1524. Hans (søn af Peder Hansen Splid Myhre og NN Hansdatter Myre) blev født cirka 1500 i 6. vgd. Klinteby, Ibsker Sogn; døde efter 1543 i 9. vgd. Store Bjergegård, Vestermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: BJ

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Notater:

Note (norman Lee Madsen)
From "Over hals og hoved - A cry of indignation heard all over Bornholm",by Sigvard Mahler Dam, SAXO, 1991:

Relatives of Jørgen Hals:

Jørgen Hals must have been a somewhat older gentleman in 1523, as hisyounger half-brother Oluf Ottesen (Uf) attanded the age of majority in1497 - and probably for the very first time placed his seal as aco-witness alongside his father. (Thus was probably born circa 1472-77 -Norman Madsen). From this we can conclude that the Hals children wereborn no later than the 1470s. The additional heirs named by Jørgen Halsbelong to a later generation: Axel Poulsen is his sister's son, and OlufDue was married to Axel' sister, her name unknown. Jørgen Hals' sisteris named in the probate records as "Anne Poul Olsens", but we cannot findPoul in any other sources, so it is likely that had died before theprobate of 1522. Similarly we know of the other sister, named ElseØdberns, but we do not know when she or her heirs sold their share of theGalen inheritance.

Oluf Due is noted in the chronologies as a possible grandson of Oluf Dueof Skåne, who is named in 1435. (36) But who is the above mentioned PoulOlsen, whose son Axel had a given name uncommon on Bornholm? (37)

Bjergegård i Vestermarie:

The connections lead us to Vestermarie where that parish's pastor,together with the pastor for the Hals-family's parish: Østermarie, arethe witnesses in the deposition of 1530. Now it is time to remember oneof the witnesses to the High Court case of 1522: "Hans Borreby iBorgegaard", and since there was no such name for a farm on Bornholm itis probably a variation in the spelling of Bjergegård. It turns out thatHans Borreby was married to a woman named Anne, and another interestingprobate case gives us a peek into Anne's family history:

1537, u.d.: stævning til Herredagen: Peder Andersß i Myregaardt (Aaker)Citat Hans Persß i Bierregaardt (Vestermarie) och hans hustrues moderfore nogre Jordegots som the om trette, att møde tiill første almyndelighere (dag) som stande schal her i riiget. (38)

(1537, not dated: Summoned to High Court: Peder Andersen of Myregård(Åker) versus Hans Pedersen of Bjergegård (Vestermarie) and his wife'smother to appear because of their dispute over the ownership of anestate, to present their initial positions here in the kingdom's openhigh court.) (38))

1537 2/7 København: Pedher Andersenn paa Boringholm havde stævnet Anne,Hans Borrebys enke, og hendes laugværge, fordi de havde overtagetMyregaard, hvilken var tilfaldet Per Andersens hustru Elline (HansBorrebys søster), idet Hans og Anne ingen levende børn havde sammen.

(July 2, 1537 København: Peder Andersen of Bornholm has summoned Anne,Hans Borreby's widow, and her guardian, for they having confiscatedMyregård, which was to come to Peder Andersen's wife Elline (HansBorreby's sister), since Hans and Anne did not have any living childrentogether.)

Peder Andersen and his wife had moved onto the farm, but Anne had themthrown out by force, so Peder had to flee - now for over 3 years, and hiswife was seized and chained and sought after her rightful inheritance.

Anne's defence was that her deceased husband had given to her and herchildren, which she had with a husband previous to her marriage to HansBorreby, Myregård and other property. Anne presented the gift letter,written and signed by Hans Borreby, and as well a legal document signedby: Bernt Knop - the Lübeck bailiff for Hammershus, Jens Hansen - chiefjustice for Bornholm, and Henning Tommessen - the bailiff for theisland's southern district. This second document had been written circa1533, and showed that Anne had complained to the court over being deniedMyregård, and that she had outstanding her children's money from thefarm, both before Hans Borreby's death and afterwards; which tells usthat her children were above the age of majority. According to Skånelaw, which at the time governed on Bornholm, such bequests to a wife werelegal as long as the value of the bequest was not more than half of theestate. But the court ruled that together Myregård and the otherproperty given was worth more than half of the estate, and further: aparagraph from Jylland law was found to support Peder Andersen andElline's right to own Myregård. Also, Anne had to come before the courtand pay a fine, and be punished for the assault on Elline. Today wemight speculate that politics probably played a role in the judgement.The Lübeck bailiff had supported Anne's claim, while the Danish courtdenied it, and in spite of Peder Andersen trying to blame the lawsuit forhis banishment, we know from another source that he was staying inKøbenhavn with the exiled chief justice Mogens Uf because of their partin the 1536 rebellion against the Lübeck governance of Bornholm. Theking had encouraged the rebellion, and therefore Peder was under theking's protection. Which might be the reason for the unusual applicationof Jylland law on Bornholm! (39)

What can the outcome of the above court case tell us? That the HansPedersen who resided at Bjergegård in 1537 was the son-in-law andguardian of Anne, and since her second husband, Hans Borreby, also livedat that same farm in 1522, then the farm must have belonged to Anne orher deceased first husband. Furthermore, considering that among thewitnesses for Anne Sevidsdatter (the widow of Anders Uf and Jep Splid) onJuly 10, 1508, when she donated money to Lund Cathedral, was an "OlufJensen i Biærgegaarden", then we easily might assume that the previouslymentioned Poul Olsen was the son of Oluf Jensen. (40) As Poul diedbefore 1522, he must have died a very young man. This seems ever morecredible when we learn that Oluf Jensen's mother's name was KirstinePoulsdatter! Oluf Jensen's father was Jens Jensen of Bjergegård,mentioned in 1490. (41) Hans Pedersen was probably married to the "AnnePoul Olsens datter", who was mentioned as married to Oluf Due in 1523.In 1550 Axel Poulsen was named as an heir of Anders Galen, this wasconcerning the matter of his having sold inherited property to Sti Pors;Axel seems to have received the largest part of the inheritance, whichmeans that the male line of the Hals-family had died out. This meansthat Jørgen Hals had no sons, but did he have any daughters?

Jørgen Hals' heirs:

When Jørgen Hals died, or who were his heirs, is without documentation asof today. No disputes among the heirs have been noted, so the probateproceedings must have ended peaceably. We can get a hint about this whenwe see both Gadebygård (Store Halsegård) and Lille Halsegård belonging toHans Berildsen and his descendants. Hans Berildsen lived at 24 vg. inÅker, also called Bjergegård (or Bierregård); previously it had been acopyhold farm, but which had been made free by the order of the king.(42) In 1551 Hans Berildsen given to a seat in the Landsting(Parliament), and sometime between 1553 and 1559 he was made landsdommer(chief justice), a job he held until his death sometime between 1562 and1572. (43) He probably married a daughter, maybe the only one, of JørgenHals, which is indicated when his grandson Niels Berildsen soldGadebygård on September 30, 1648 for 900 Slettedaler, promising to givethe buyer the "fribreve, som jeg, saavelsom mine forfædre haver haft paafornævnte Gadebygaards frihed" (freedom-letter, which I, and myforefathers have been given for the aforementioned Gadebygård's freedom).(44)

Notes:

36) "Danmarks Adels Årbog", 1891, p. 127.
37) In Østermarie is situated Lille Duegård (67 sg.) and Duegård (70sg.), which is where Anders Dufue/Due lived from 1611 until 1626 (andpossibly longer). The land tenancy book for Vestermarie shows a laterAxel Poulsen at 62 sg., Palmegård, in 1622. Curiously, both theneighbouring farm (61 sg.) and 55 sg. were named Galingegård! In 1611there lived a Niels Galling, and from 1625 a Laurits Gallind, at 61 sg.Possibly they were descendants, that inspite of their Galen heritage wereunable to retain their freeman status.
38) Hüb. nr. 96; same symbols, maps, nr. 1, folio 235b.
39) Herredags Dombog, die visitationis Mariæ.
40) LÄU V, 135 (see note 7).
41) 1491 14/1: Oluf Jensen og moderen, Kirstine Poulsdatter oplader tildomkikren i Lund al den egendom hans forældre har lagt til Bergegaardenpaa Bornholm. Oluf har et barn. 1490 u.d.: Lunde kapitel lejer JönsJönszon Biergagaarden paa Bornholm. (January 14, 1491: Oluf Jensen andhis mother, Kirstine Poulsdatter, give to the cathederal in Lund all ofthe estate his parents have gathered under Bjergegård on Bornholm. Olufis a child. 1490, un-dated: Lund bishopric gives Bjergegård on Bornholmto Jen Jensen.) Rep 2 nr. 6831.
42) The first time he is mentioned by name is in 1547, wherein he isreferred to as: "Hans Berrildsen i Ocker sogen paa Borringhollum", asstated in the article "Tegnelser over alle Lande" in "Danske Magazin", 4rk. I, København, 1864, p. 306. This might be the very year that hisfarm was made "fri" (free).
43) For further information about him, see SAXO yearbook 1988, p. 72 -folios.
44) "Højesterets Dombog 1665", I.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,Ontario, Canada, 12 Jun 2016.

blev gift med Hans Berildsen cirka 1525. Hans blev født cirka 1500; døde cirka 1570 i 24. vgd. Bjergegård, Åker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Proprietær
• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.13475+826 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 15.17939 (Sommer)

Notater:

Note(kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

Hans Olufsen (Uf) was a secretary in the king's chancellery from 1592 until 1597, and later the "Lensmand" (Feudal Lord) at Vardøhus (in Vardø parish, Finnmark county, Norway) in 1599. Hans Olufsen was the owner of Gyldensgård, 17' Vdg. Østermarie; which he later sold to his father's brother Peder Hansen (Uf) of Simlegård in Klemensker parish. Hans Olufsen died in 1601, the last male member of the so called "Sparre-Uf" branch of the family. The seal (arms and helmet) he used in 1599 is identical to that used by Oluf Ottesen (Uf) in 1522.

* * *

Hans Olsen was appointed the district governor for Finnmark in 1597. Christen Skredder was brought before the court at Vardøhus Castle in 1601. He was as a wealthy man who owned 80 daler, he also owned a turfhut, a boathouse and som outbuildings at Østersanden, as well as threedrying racks for fish and some sticks for building drying racks. He was accused of practising witchcraft together with the Sami Morten Olsen, of casting a fatal spell on District Governor Hans Olsen in May 1601. He was convicted of the practice of witchcraft. His estated devolved to the King, and was to be brought to Vardøhus Castle. Sentenced to death by fire at the stake.

Note: the following article incorrectly identify Hans Olufsen (Uf) as being a member of the Kofoed-family.

From the article "Exporting the Devil across the North Sea: John Cunningham and the Finnmark Witch-Hunt", by Liv Helene Willumsen, p. 52, in "Scottish Witches and Witch-Hunters" edited by Julian Goodare (Reader in History, University of Edinburgh), 2013:

The next district governor of Finnmark, therefore, was a good seafarer, a man who could take quick decisions and deal with unexpected problems, and a loyal servant. In addition, he was a person who was trusted to deal with the witches of the north - a problem of which the king had become aware during his visit to the northernmost parts of his kingdom, Finnmark and Kola, in 1599. The ethnic conditions in the very north of King Christian's kingdom were distinctive, with Norwegian and Sami populations living side by side. Sami males had a reputation for sorcery all over Europe at the time, being particularly well versed in selling wind to seafarers. The new century made the king even more concerned about the danger of sorcery. The sudden death in 1601 of the governor of Finnmark, Hans Olsen Kofoed, was blamed on Sami sorcery, and the result was the first two witchcraft trials in Finnmark of Christen the Tailor and the Sami Morten Olsen. No wonder that Christian IV in 1609 wrote to the next district governor, Claus Gagge, warning him to beware of witchcraft, especially Sami sorcery, and to show no mercy in such cases.

From "Images, Representations and the Self-Perception of Magic among the Sami Shamans of Arctic Norway, 1592-1692", chapter 14, by Rune Blix Hagenin "Contesting Orthodoxy in Medieval and Early Modern Europe: Heresy, Magic and Witchraft", editors Louise Nyholm Kallestrup and Raisa Maria Toivo, 2017:

As we have seen, the Danes knew of the strong rumours concerning Sami sorcery, as did many others throughout early modern Europe. Even though numerous witches had been put to death at the stake throughout Norway and Denmark, at the end of the sixteenth century no one had yet instigated asimilar policy of persecution directed at the Sami for their particular skills. But not too many years would elapse before King Christian IV turned into a monarch agitated by demons and eager to pursue and hunt down all kinds of sorcery - including Sami sorcery. As a collective group, the Sami posed a threat to the territorial expansion of Denmark-Norway, its state building and its endeavours to spread civilization and Christianity in the far North.

Since Christian IV turned the northern regions into his first major foreign adventure, he made sure that an efficient and energetic commanding officer was stationed at Vardøhus. The Dane Hans Olsen Koefoed was endowed with Vardøhus Fortress, and the county of Finnmark, in June 1597. The man travelled across great expanses of land in northern Norway in the winter of 1597/98 and the supsequent winter to investigate Swedish taxation of the Sami. Conscientiously, he presented his findings to the king. It is likely that Koefoed's report on the Swedish drive towards the coast of north Norway was what convinced Christian IV himself to sail northwards. . . ."

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.13365 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.8975 (Sommer)
• Alias: Peder Hansen

Notater:

Kure (Prgd. Vellensgård i Nyker)
Proprietærgårdn Vellensgård var een af de oprindelig 18 unummererede gårde som var sædegårde for frimandsslægter, og derfor havde de gårdene med tilhørende fæstegårde samt skattefrihed. Peder Hansen ejede Proprietærgården Vellensgård i Nyker. Han var broder til Bent Hansen på Proprietærgården Eskildsgård i Pedersker. Første gang vi hører om dem var da de sammen med de andre frimænd på øen var til møde med rigsrådets repræsentanter den 06.09.1572. Her omtales de som Peder Hansen og Bendt Hansen til "Vællingsgaard" og "Eskesgaard", Peder Hansen fik to sønner Jørgen Pedersen og Lavrids Pedersen. Det var Jørgen Pedersen der overtog Vellensgård.

Note(kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

According to Kure's farm-list the first known owner of Vellensgård is Peder Hansen, whose sister Mette Hansdatter was married to Peder Hansen Uf of Simlegård. Peder Hansen also owned Eskesgård in Pedersker.

Vellensgård and Eskesgård are classified as "friegård", later called a "proprietair" farm, the highest of the three classes of farms. On Bornholm the farms (in Danish "gård", or old style "gaard") had longstanding official names and numbers, and they were divided into three classifications, in descending order:

1) Proprietairgård (Propr.): a freehold estate (thus also called a Frigård), which could only be owned by a freeman (frimand) or a member of the nobility (adelsmand).

2) Selvejergård (Slg.): meaning a freehold farm owned independently, free of obligations to an estate owner - it could be occupied by its owner or leased to a peasant farmer (bonde). A peasant who owned this type of farm was known as a "selvejerbonde".

3) Vornedegård (Vdg.), two types: a) the first type was part of an estate (i.e. connected to a proprietairgård), the peasants who lived on them were tenants and were obliged to provide labor, known as the "Herlighedsright" (Glory-right), to the owner of the estate; b) the other type was referred to as a "Fri Vornedegård", this type of farm was not connected to an estate and was free of the labor obligation - could beo wned by a freeman and leased to a peasant. A peasant who lived on this class of farms was known as a "fæstebonde" (copyhold peasant).

A map drawn in 1851 shows 17 estate-farms classified as Proprietair: 3 in each of Åker, Ibsker and Nyker parishes; 2 each in Østermarie and Klemensker; and 1 each in Pedersker, Bodilsker, Østerlars, and Olsker. There were hundreds of farms comprising the other two classifications. The typical farm is arranged in a joined U shape, with the farmhouse, barn, pig-stall, and utility-shed all built around a cobble-stone courtyard.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Notater:

There are several bits of circumstantial, and contradictory, pieces of
evidence concerning Mette Hansdatter's parentage:

1) Mette Hansdatter owned (inherited?) Fuglsangsgård (later known as
Gaggegård, still later as: I Klinteby), 6' Vdg. in Ibsker - which she
later passed down to her daughter's son Claus Gagge. For several
generations previously Fuglsangsgård had been a Myre-family farm. First
known to have been owned by Truid Myre (died circa 1489). The farm was
inherited by his son Peder Myre, who evidently left it to his son Hans
Pedersen Myre. Mette also owned Pæregård, 3' Vdg. (Nylars or
Østerlars?), which she probably brought into her marriage Peder Hansen Uf
as a dowry, as the farm thereafter became part of Simblegård's
estate-lands. Store Myregård in Åker parish, which had previously been
owned by Peder Hansen Myre (died 1572). Based on this, it is thought
that Mette is the daughter of Hans Pedersen Myre.

2) According to an article called "De bornholmske væbnerslægter Uf og
Splid - noget nyt om deres våbener", written by Sigvard Mahler Dam, Peder
Hansen Uf and his wife Mette Hansdatter donated a pew to Saint Clement's
Church. The text read: "Clement's Church: door to pew, carved oak framed
with smooth fir planks - showing helmeted coats-of-arms with vesselhorn
and the following markings: a shield with an upside down "gavlsparre"
(chevron) design, and the other shield sporting a "halv Hummerklo" (half
lobster claw). . ."

And further, it appears that Jørgen Gagge and his wife Margrethe/Merete
had a memorial made to honour her parents Peder Hansen Uf and Mette
Hansdatter. In 1601 they had cast a large church-bell (which later
disappeared) for Klemensker Church. Bornholm historian Laurids Thurah
states (circa 1756?) that the large bell displayed two coats-of-arms: one
with a "Sparre" (chevron), the other with a "Giedde Kieft" (pike's
jawbone). The Uf-family coat-of-arms displayed a chevron. This would
seem to indicate that Mette Hansdatter's father's coat-of-arms displayed
a pike's cheekbone (a "Geddekæft" or "Giedde Kieft", alternately referred
to as a "halv Hummerklo"). Yet, the Myre-family coat-of-arms displays 3
ants (3 myrer)!

3) Sigvard Mahler Dam seems to have (ultimately) concluded that Mette
Hansdatter is the daughter Hans Pedersen of Bjergegård in Åker parish,
with the "Geddekæft" (aka "Hummerklo") coat-of-arms. I am assuming that
as the three sons of Hans Pedersen Myre (died 1518?), of Fuglsangsgård in
Ibsker, all died childless, the inheritance rights to the Myre family
farms went to more distant relatives. That the reason Mette inherited
the Myre-family farms is and that Mette was a relative (niece, cousin?)
of Hans Pedersen Myre. Possibly Mette's grandmother, n.n. Myre, was the
daughter of Peder Myre of Fuglsangsgård?

Conclusion: The fact that Mette Hansdatter's daughter Margrethe/Merete
Pedersdatter (Uf) inherited Myre-family farms places a great deal of
weight in favour of Mette being a relative of Hans Pedersen Myre (died
1518) of Fuglsangsgård. The assurtion that the coat--of-arms on the
Klemensker pew-door and church-bell were dedicated to the parents of
Peder Hansen Uf and his wife Mette Hansdatter points to Mette being the
daughter of Hans Pedersen of Bjergegård in Åker parish. - Norman Lee
Madsen, October 28, 2000.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,
Ontario, copyright 1990-2002.

Mette blev gift med Peder Hansen Uf cirka 1554 i Bornholm. Peder (søn af Hans Olufsen Uf) blev født cirka 1536 i Prgd. Simblegård, Klemensker Sogn; døde i 1596 i Prgd. Simblegård, Klemensker Sogn; blev begravet den 25 jul. 1696. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Truid Hansen Myre. Truid (søn af Hans Pedersen Myre) blev født cirka 1495 i 6. vgd. Fuglsangsgård, Klinteby, Ibsker Sogn; døde den 1 nov. 1574 i 5. vgd. Store Myregård, Olsker Sogn; blev begravet i 1574. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Christian Bagge. Christian blev født før 1540; døde efter 1563. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Ridefoged på Hammershus
• Bopæl: Prgd. Gadebygård, Østermarie Sogn

Notater:

Note (Kure gårdregister)
Prgd. Gadebygård Østermarie
Ejede både Store Halsegård og Lille Halsegård samt flere andre gårde. Fik to sønner, Niels som arvede Store Halsegård , og Berild som arvede Lille Halsegård.
24. vgd. Bjergegård Åker
Berild Hansen ejede også Store Halsegård og Lille Halsegård i Østermarie.
**
Note (Norman Lee Madsen)
Berild Hansen was a freeman (frimand) and steward (ridefoged) ofHammershus fortress; he owned the freeman's farms Store Halsegård (whichby 1610 had been renamed Gadebygård) and Lille Halsegård (later simplycalled Halsegård), both in Østermarie, and Bjergegård, 24 Vdg. in Åkerparish. He is the father of: 1) Hans Berildsen (died 1668), heir toLille Halsegård and Bjergegård; 2) Niels Berildsen, the heir of StoreHalsegård; and very likely the father of 3) Karen Berildsdatter, wife ofJens Bendtsen of Rønne.

At the "Frimandsmødet" held on September 6, 1572 there were 17 men namedas being in attendance: 1. Jacob Iversen, Landsdommer; 2. Mester Peder W(= Peder [Mogensen] Uf); the brothers 3. Peder Hansen; and 4. BentHansen; 5. Jørgen Pedersen; 6. Peder (Madsen) Kofoed; 7. Oluf Madsen; 8.Oluf Bagge; 9. Hans Mogensen, as he was away at the king's court he wasrepresented by his father Mogens Hansen; 10. Peder (Hansen) Myre; 11.Jørgen Gagge; 12. Berent Hansen (= Berild Hansen); 13. Laurids Pedersen;14. Jens (Madsen) Kofoed; 15. Christen (Clausen) Kiøller; 16. PederHansen (Uf); and 17. Hans (Madsen) Kofoed. Three advisers to the DanishParliment (Rigsråder) had been sent to preside over the meeting, namely:Biørn Kaas of Starupgaard, Biørn Andersen of Stenholt, and Jørgen Marsvinof Dybæk. The group expressed heartfelt and solemn words about faithfulservice to the crown; and it seems they had an inkling of things to come,and therefore begged the King not to let himself be "seduced" by Lübeck'srepresentative Sveder Ketting, "because you might expect that Lübeck onlyplotted to keep our island under their yoke." This was during the periodin which Bornholm was strongly under the influence (and rulership) of theHanseatic League free-city of Lübeck; the Bornholmers felt greatly putupon by the high taxes, unfair rules, and high-handedness of theLübeckers. Contrary to the opinion of latter historians they must haveconvinced the envoys, as on the 9th of September the freemen were grantedthe right to gather shipwrecks from the beaches, hunt in the woods, aswell as given full authority over their servants - a great victory forthe freemen.

From "Aktstykker til Bornholm Historie" by Jens Rasmussen Hübertz, nr.249:

1572 6. September Åkirkeby. Om frimændene på Bornholm.

Vi efterskrevne Biørn Kaas til Starupgaard, Biørn Andersen til Stenholt,Jørgen Marsvin til Dybek kiendes och hermed for alle vitterliggjør, atAar efter Guds byrd 1572 den 6te Dag Septembris, det første vi kom paaLandet Boringholm, da lode vi bestille Landsting, og paa Landstinget gaveKongl. Maysts. befaling og vor bestilling tilkiende, og da vi alting derbestillet havde, toge vi alle de fri Mænd, der vare, ind i Kirken, og derforelagde vi dennem en Dag, de sig [sagde] fri [at være] og frelse athave, at de skulle møde om Løverdagen derefter med deres Brev og Seigl,huormed de kunde bevise sig fri at være. Detsimidlertid talede vi medSvend Ketting, og gav hannem tilkiende, at Kongl. Majst. var kommen udiForfaring, at der skulle være mange paa Boringholm, som gav sig ud [for]fri at være, som dog ikke findes skulle, og dermed skede Kongl. Majst.forkort, paa hans Majsts. Kongskat og andet, huorfore vi og begierede afforskrevne Sven Ketting, at han ville hos være samme Dag, som viforskrevne Frimænd, paa Kongl. Majsts. wegne, for os beskeede og havde,hvor han og til det første lovede. Men om morgenen, som Adelen varbeskeet at komme tilstede, og forskrevne Sven Ketting havde sagt at villederhos udi slig handel være tilstede, og forskrevne Sven Ketting haver dasendt os bud med sin tiener Jens Knap, som nu er Landstingsskriver, athan begierer at drage til Slottet, og der opsøge nogle fine breve, ogderhos lod berette, at han udi ingen Maader vidste sig noget at have medsamme Adels-mænd at giøre, men at den beskeed, derom var, havde han længesiden berettet Mester David udi Lund, og han havde den handel alt sammenopskreven.

Saa er for os kommen, den forskrevne 6. September; disse efterskrevne friog frelse Mænd, nemlig: Jacob Jversen Landsdommer, Mester Peder W, PederHanssen og Bent Hanssen, Brødre, Jørgen Pedersen, Peder Koefoed, OlufMadssen, Oluf Bagge, Mogens Hanssen på hans Søns Hans Mogenssens Vegne,som tiener til Hove, Peder Myre, Jørgen Bagge [sic, s.b. Gagge], BerentHanssen, Laurids Pedersen, Jens Koefoed, Christen Kiøller, Peder Hanssen,Hans Koefoed. Hvilke vi da efter Kongl. Maists. befaling haver alvorligentiltalet, hvortil de have svaret, at de haver dennem ingen frihedydermere tilholdet, end som de af fader og forældre arvet haver, og haverde dennem ingen ydermere Rettighed tilholdet, end deres Fader og Forældrehavde før dennem, og berettede, at de Lybsker tilforn havde Sal. ogHøilovlig Koning Christiern og sligt foregivet, saadan deres Adels Frihedog Rettighed at vilde forvende, da haver Høistbemeldte Kongl. Maist.dennem privilegeret, eftersom Adelen i Danmark havde deres Gods, ogvidste dennom udi ingen maade at have forbrudt, men udi denne feide ladetdennem finde at bruge til Skibs, komme selv udi egen Person, og sommegiort Folk ud, og enhver ladet sig finde villig efter sin formue, ogdermed tilhjelpe at forsvare deres eget Land, saa Gud skee lov atfienderne dennem ingen Skade eller Afbreck giort haver, og dersom der varnogen, der vidste dennem at beskylde, at de ikke var fri og frelse Mænd,da begierede de, at de maatte komme tilstede, da vilde de holde dem food,og derhos begierer af Kongl. Maist. paa det allerunderdanigste, at demaatte beholde den Frihed, som deres Forældre før dennem haft haver, devilde med Gods og Blod, og hvis de formaaede være Kongl. Majst. trotienere, efter deres ringe Formue, ligesom de tildes været haver ogpligtig kiendes, og forsee sig også til Kong. Majst., som til deres retteHerre og Konge, hvilken der altid havde fremdraget forige Adel, at HansKongl. Majst. udi ingen Maader ville lade sig over dennem forføre af SvenKetting eller nogen anden; thi de kunde vel tænke, at de Lybsker og deresBefalingsmænd stod efter, at de kunde og bringe dennem under deresTrældom, som de ellers giort haver ved Landet. Det skulle Gudallermægtigste belønne Hans Kongl. Majst., hvilket de altid troligen vilønske. At saaledes er passeret, det vidner vi med vores Zigneter herundertrykte. Datum Boringholm ut supra 1572 den 6. September.

(The above Langebek transcription is held in the Diplomatarium in theGeheime Archive together with another copy - the original had 3 sealsattached to the bottom.)

A Bornholm Landsting (Hight Court) judgment of December 20, 1682 statesthat Mads Kofoed Madsen's widow Anne Jensdatter "som skal vere udi slegtog biurd till sahl. Berild Hansen". Which in modern Danish would be:"som skal være i slægt og byrd til salig Berild Hansen", which translatesas: "who is related and in kinship to the blessed (deceased) BerildHansen". The Berild Hansen in question is "Frimand" (Freeman) BerildHansen (died 1668) of Bjergegård, 24 Vdg. Åker, and Lille Halsegård inØstermarie, the son of Hans Berildsen (-1608-), the previous owner ofthose same farms. Since we know that Anne Jensdatter's parents are JensBendtsen and Karen Berildsdatter of Rønne, it seems very probable thatAnne and Berild Hansen's family relationship is that they are cousins.That Hans Berildsen is the brother of Anne's mother Karen Berildsdatter.

Mention of a document dated November 15, 1654 from the probate for HansOlufsen Kofoed, November 16, 1694, page 18:
Anno 1694 dend 16 November, med paa folgende dato er efter loulig giordetillysning inden Herritsting, og Langsting, holden registering, ogvurdering, sampt schifte, og deeling efter Erlig, og Mandhaste nu sal.Corporal Hans Koefoed Ollufsen som boede, og døde paa dend 50 Jordejendomgaard kaldis Ladegaarden beliggende udi Clemmedsker Sogn. . . Eenforfetning som sal. Zigvart Gagge til Myrregaard, Mads Koefoed Madsen tilEskesgaard, Suend Ollsen paa Baggegaard, Berrild Hansen paa Bieregaardenhafuer giort, og paa Hart Korn bereg med, og sat berørte 15 Worned ogdens landgielde, som er skeed den 8 November 1654, som er af følgende indhold. Wi efterskrivene Zigvart Gagge til Myrregaard uid Aachier Sogn,Mads Koefoed Madsen til Eskisgaarden i Pederskier Sogn, Suend Oelsen paaBaggegaarden i Clemmedskier Sogn, og Berreld Hansen paa Bieregaarden udiAaekier Sogn, kiendes, og giør vitterligt, at efter som vi erre opmeltindnu Vester Herrits Ting, at ville vurdering taxsere en vornedegaard udiformelte Herrit som sal. Olluf Koefoed til Blyekobbegaard i Nøcher Sogntil førde og Laurids Lassen udi boede. . . .

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,Ontario, Canada, 12 Jun 2016.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.6738 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.6826 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.8970 (Sommer)

Notater:

The parentage of Gunhild Uf is uncertain and disputed. She must have
been born between 1500 and 1532. What seems to be agreed is that she is
the descendant of Otte Pedersen Uf, the owner of Skovsholm in Ibsker
parish. Some say she is his daughter's daughter (datterdatter). Other's
that she is the daughter of his son Anders Uf, from Otte's first marriage
to Kirsten Galen. It has also been suggested by Sigvard Mahler Dam that
she is the daughter of Otte Pedersen Uf's grandson Hans Olufsen Uf
(1510-1574); possibly because she gave her son with Mads Jensen Kofoed
the name Hans - after her father?

It is known that in 1547 Gunhild's husband Mads Jensen Kofoed represented
her in a legal dispute with Mogens Uf (died 1565) concerning inherited
property from the estate of the deceased Oluf Tuesen. This implies that
there is a close relationship with Mogens Uf; some have suggested they
are brother and sister, others that they are cousins. Considering that
Oluf Tuesen died in 1500, it seems unlikely that Gunhild is his daughter
- as she would have been approaching 50 at the time of the birth of her
son, Hans Madsen Kofoed. Possibly she is the daughter of Oluf Tuesen's
brother-in-law Oluf Ottesen Uf? Or, as Sigvard Mahler Dam has suggested,
the daughter of Oluf's son Hans?

* * * * *
The following has been extracted from a translation of the article
"Landet Borringholm: Bornholmsk-skånske slægtskredse", by Sigvard Mahler
Dam, published in SAXO, 1986:

After the murder of Mogens Ufs' father Oluf Tuesen, his widow
(Margrethe?) went through hard times, but her brothers helped her prove
to Commander van Haffn which of the farms were her own inheritance, and
these were eventually given back to her. Her brothers helped with the
management, but then a pivotal event took place, which later caused a
devastating family feud over inheritance. Apparently Oluf Ottesen
purchased some property from the widow, and in the later court case some
letters and documents supposedly were proof thereof, but her son, Mogens
Uf, maintained that the family had unlawfully confiscated said property.

In 1547 Mogens Uf, still exiled from Bornholm, came to blows with his own
family and took them to the highest court in the land:

(In the original old Danish)
"Mogens W til Odersbiergh citat hustru Gunildt, Mattis Kofoedt paa
Bornholm med deres medarvinger for noget jordegods som de gør dem
forhindring paa smst. efter Oluf Tuesens død smst."

The case concerns Mogens Uf's inheritance from his mother, against
Gunhild Uf, who must be a descendant of his mother's brother, Oluf
Ottesen. Gunhild's husband, Mads Jensen Kofoed, sailed to København on
behalf of his wife and her co-heirs (who were under-aged). Mads won the
case and returned home able to keep the deeds to the farms contested by
Mogens Uf. But in 1552 Mogens Uf is back again to haunt Gunhild's family
(78):

(In the original old Danish)
"Oluff Hansz paa sine egne og metarfvingers Otte Persz arfvinger vegne,
beretter at Mogens W forfølger dem for noget jordegods og skifte, og de
have forfulgt sagen og bragt den for Rigets Kantsker, og til den ende
afsendt Mads Kofoedt med deres breve og beviser, men han er drunknet paa
veien og Brevskaberne forkomne, hvorfor det paalægges landsdommeren Hans
Reymer, at han er dem behjælpelig til endnu engang at faa beskrevet hvad
der er gaaet for sig i sagen."

"Mogens W" had sued Oluf Hansen and Otte Pedersen's heirs for some
property and Mads Kofoed had again been sent to København with
documents. Sadly, Mads drowned underway and the documents were lost.

That same day the king sent a letter to his bailiff on Bornholm, Henning
Gagge, requesting that he quickly settle the case between Mogens Uf and
Otte Pedersen's heirs. It had become bothersome to the king, the very
men he depended upon to resist the Lübeckers were about to destroy
everything with their family feuding. How the court case ended is not
known, but it seems that Mogens Uf lost again.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,
Ontario, copyright 1990-2002.

Gunhild blev gift med Mads Jensen Kofoed cirka 1547 i Bornholm. Mads (søn af Jens Madsen Kofoed og Johanne Thygesdatter) blev født i 1513 i Lund, Skåne, Malmöhus Län; døde i 1552. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Alias: Peder Hansen
• Beskæftigelse: fra 1574 til 1588; Landsdommer

Notater:

Kure (prgd. Simblegård + 53. sgd. Klemensker)

Peder Hansen Uf overtog gården efter sin broder Oluf Hansen Uf. Han blev udnævnt til Landsdommer på Bornholm den 28.03.1574. Han var Landsdommer 1574-1588. Ejede sammen med sin hustru omkring 50 gårde på Bornholm. (Se Bornholmske Samlinger 1. rk. bind 11, side 111 og bind 16, side 137) Peder Hansen Uf medbragte ca. 25 gårde og Mette Hansdatter Myhre ligledes ca. 25 gårde i ægteskabet. De er dem, der har ejet flest gårde på Bornholm.

Note(kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

In 1572 a meeting was held by Bornholm's Parliament to establish who had the right to the status of "Frimand" (Freeman) on Bornholm. Of course, that meeting had a broader purpose: a war in which Lübeck and Denmark had fought side-by-side had ended two years previously, and there was another three years before the Lübeck 50 year claim to Bornholm was to expire; although Lübeck claimed that it had been given a further 50 years. In this predicament it was wise for the King to establish locally situated allies; and Bornholm's influential freemen, who normally would have been snubbed by the King and the true nobility, were now in a position to receive benevolent treatment from the Danish government.

At the "Frimandsmødet" held on September 6, 1572 there were 17 men named as being in attendance: 1. Jacob Iversen, Landsdommer; 2. Mester Peder W(= Peder [Mogensen] Uf); the brothers 3. Peder Hansen; and 4. Bent Hansen; 5. Jørgen Pedersen; 6. Peder (Madsen) Kofoed; 7. Oluf Madsen; 8. Oluf Bagge; 9. Hans Mogensen, as he was away at the king's court he was represented by his father Mogens Hansen; 10. Peder (Hansen) Myre; 11. Jørgen Gagge; 12. Berent Hansen (= Berild Hansen); 13. Laurids Pedersen; 14. Jens (Madsen) Kofoed; 15. Christen (Clausen) Kiøller; 16. Peder Hansen (Uf); and 17. Hans (Madsen) Kofoed. Three advisers to the Danish Parliment (Rigsråder) had been sent to preside over the meeting, namely: Biørn Kaas of Starupgaard, Biørn Andersen of Stenholt, and Jørgen Marsvin of Dybæk. The group expressed heartfelt and solemn words about faithful service to the crown; and it seems they had an inkling of things to come, and therefore begged the King not to let himself be "seduced" by Lübeck's representative Sveder Ketting, "because you might expect that Lübeck only plotted to keep our island under their yoke." This was during the period in which Bornholm was strongly under the influence (and rulership) of the Hanseatic League free-city of Lübeck; the Bornholmers felt greatly put upon by the high taxes, unfair rules, and high-handedness of the Lübeckers. Contrary to the opinion of latter historians they must have convinced the envoys, as on the 9th of September the freemen were granted the right to gather shipwrecks from the beaches, hunt in the woods, as well as given full authority over their servants - a great victory for the freemen.

A document dated March 28, 1574 tells us that Peder Hansen (Uf) was the Chief Justice (Landsdommer) for Bornholm. A Freeman (Frimand), he was the owner of Simlegård, an estate-farm (frigård) in Klemensker parish; which he took over after his brother's death. He also owned Fuglsangsgård (later known as: Gaggegård, still later as: I Klinteby), 6'Vdg. in Ibsker - which was later passed down to his daughter's son Claus Gagge.

On August 30, 1577 Peder Hansen (Uf) was endowed with thirteen farms that were under ecclesiastical jurisdiction, namely: six farms in Østermarie, one farm in Ibsker, two farms in Vestermarie, three farms in Klemensker, and one farm in Rutsker parish. A letter of declaration (dated April 27, 1580) confirmed that he had property-rights equal to that other freemen on Bornholm. A drawing in Heraldry Periodical, nr. 43, 1981 edition, shows that his arms displayed a chevron (gavlsparre).

From the Hammershus Regnskaber, 1580-1617:
Hendrick Brahes Regenschaff aff Hammershus paa Borringholm fran Philippi Jacobj dag 1585 thill Philippi Jacobj dag âo. 1586. . . . Inndtegttpennge før sagefaldt: . . . Anndamit aff Per Esbørnssen y Vester Mk. sognn, før hand offuirfald Hendrich Brahe och landzdommeren med erørigeord inden landzthing - 2 Daller.

The above entry translated to English:
Henrik Brahe's financial accounting for Hammershus on Bornholm from May1, 1585 until May 1, 1586. . . . Accounts Receivable for transgressions: . . . Received from Peder Espersen of Vestermarie parish, because he attacked Hendrich Brahe and the chief justice [= Peder Hansen] with abusive words during the county council meeting - 2 Rigsdaler.

From "Aktstykker til Bornholm Historie" by Jens Rasmussen Hübertz, nr. 249:

1572 6. September Åkirkeby. Om frimændene på Bornholm.

Vi efterskrevne Biørn Kaas til Starupgaard, Biørn Andersen til Stenholt, Jørgen Marsvin til Dybek kiendes och hermed for alle vitterliggjør, at Aar efter Guds byrd 1572 den 6te Dag Septembris, det første vi kom paa Landet Boringholm, da lode vi bestille Landsting, og paa Landstinget gave Kongl. Maysts. befaling og vor bestilling tilkiende, og da vi alting der bestillet havde, toge vi alle de fri Mænd, der vare, ind i Kirken, og der forelagde vi dennem en Dag, de sig [sagde] fri [at være] og frelse at have, at de skulle møde om Løverdagen derefter med deres Brev og Seigl, huormed de kunde bevise sig fri at være. Dets imidlertid talede vi med Svend Ketting, og gav hannem tilkiende, at Kongl. Majst. var kommen udi Forfaring, at der skulle være mange paa Boringholm, som gav sig ud [for] fri at være, som dog ikke findes skulle, og dermed skede Kongl. Majst. forkort, paa hans Majsts. Kongskat og andet, huorfore vi og begierede afforskrevne Sven Ketting, at han ville hos være samme Dag, som vi forskrevne Frimænd, paa Kongl. Majsts. wegne, for os beskeede og havde, hvor han og til det første lovede. Men om morgenen, som Adelen var beskeet at komme tilstede, og forskrevne Sven Ketting havde sagt at ville derhos udi slig handel være tilstede, og forskrevne Sven Ketting haver da sendt os bud med sin tiener Jens Knap, som nu er Landstingsskriver, at han begierer at drage til Slottet, og der opsøge nogle fine breve, og derhos lod berette, at han udi ingen Maader vidste sig noget at have med samme Adels-mænd at giøre, men at den beskeed, derom var, havde han længe siden berettet Mester David udi Lund, og han havde den handel alt sammen opskreven.

Saa er for os kommen, den forskrevne 6. September; disse efterskrevne fri og frelse Mænd, nemlig: Jacob Jversen Landsdommer, Mester Peder W, Peder Hanssen og Bent Hanssen, Brødre, Jørgen Pedersen, Peder Koefoed, Oluf Madssen, Oluf Bagge, Mogens Hanssen på hans Søns Hans Mogenssens Vegne, som tiener til Hove, Peder Myre, Jørgen Bagge [sic, s.b. Gagge], Berent Hanssen, Laurids Pedersen, Jens Koefoed, Christen Kiøller, Peder Hanssen, Hans Koefoed. Hvilke vi da efter Kongl. Maists. befaling haver alvorligen tiltalet, hvortil de have svaret, at de haver dennem ingen frihed ydermere tilholdet, end som de af fader og forældre arvet haver, og haver de dennem ingen ydermere Rettighed tilholdet, end deres Fader og Forældre havde før dennem, og berettede, at de Lybsker tilforn havde Sal. Og Høilovlig Koning Christiern og sligt foregivet, saadan deres Adels Frihed og Rettighed at vilde forvende, da haver Høistbemeldte Kongl. Maist. dennem privilegeret, eftersom Adelen i Danmark havde deres Gods, og vidste dennom udi ingen maade at have forbrudt, men udi denne feide ladet dennem finde at bruge til Skibs, komme selv udi egen Person, og somme giort Folk ud, og enhver ladet sig finde villig efter sin formue, og dermed tilhjelpe at forsvare deres eget Land, saa Gud skee lov at fienderne dennem ingen Skade eller Afbreck giort haver, og dersom der var nogen, der vidste dennem at beskylde, at de ikke var fri og frelse Mænd, da begierede de, at de maatte komme tilstede, da vilde de holde dem food, og derhos begierer af Kongl. Maist. paa det allerunderdanigste, at de maatte beholde den Frihed, som deres Forældre før dennem haft haver, de vilde med Gods og Blod, og hvis de formaaede være Kongl. Majst. Tro tienere, efter deres ringe Formue, ligesom de tildes været haver og pligtig kiendes, og forsee sig også til Kong. Majst., som til deres rette Herre og Konge, hvilken der altid havde fremdraget forige Adel, at Hans Kongl. Majst. udi ingen Maader ville lade sig over dennem forføre af Sven Ketting eller nogen anden; thi de kunde vel tænke, at de Lybsker og deres Befalingsmænd stod efter, at de kunde og bringe dennem under deres Trældom, som de ellers giort haver ved Landet. Det skulle Gud allermægtigste belønne Hans Kongl. Majst., hvilket de altid troligen vil ønske. At saaledes er passeret, det vidner vi med vores Zigneter herunder trykte. Datum Boringholm ut supra 1572 den 6. September.

(The above Langebek transcription is held in the Diplomatarium in the Geheime Archive together with another copy - the original had 3 seal sattached to the bottom.)

Simlegård, in Klemensker parish, is classified as a "friegård", later called a "proprietair" farm, which is the highest of the three farm classifications:

1) Proprietairgård (Propr.): a freehold estate (thus also called a Frigård), which could only be owned by a freeman (frimand) or a member ofthe nobility (adelsmand).

2) Selvejergård (Slg.): meaning a freehold farm owned independently, free of obligations to an estate owner - it could be occupied by its owner or leased to a peasant farmer (bonde). A peasant who owned this type of farm was known as a "selvejerbonde".

3) Vornedegård (Vdg.), two types: a) the first type was part of an estate (i.e. connected to a proprietairgård), the peasants who lived on them were tenants and were obliged to provide labor, known as the "Herlighedsright" (Glory-right), to the owner of the estate; b) the other type was referred to as a "Fri Vornedegård", this type of farm was not connected to an estate and was free of the labor obligation - could be owned by a freeman and leased to a peasant. A peasant who lived on this class of farms was known as a "fæstebonde" (copyhold peasant).

A map drawn in 1851 shows 17 estate-farms classified as Proprietair: 3 in each of Åker, Ibsker and Nyker parishes; 2 each in Østermarie and Klemensker; and 1 each in Pedersker, Bodilsker, Østerlars, and Olsker. There were hundreds of farms comprising the other two classifications. The typical farm is arranged in a joined U shape, with the farmhouse, barn, pig-stall, and utility-shed all built around a cobble-stone courtyard.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Peder blev gift med Mette Hansdatter cirka 1554 i Bornholm. Mette (datter af Hans Pedersen Myhre og NN Poulsdatter) blev født cirka 1530 i 47. sgd. Bjergegård, Vestermarie Sogn; døde efter 1555 i Bornholm. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.4488 (Sommer)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.6683 (Garde)

Notater:

Note (kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

Jørgen Pedersen was a freeman (frimand) and land-owner (proprietær); he owned a large amount of land on Bornholm. These properties included: Frigård, 12' Vdg. Poulsker parish, and Eskesgård, in Pedersker parish, and Vellensgård, in Nyker; these last two farms are classified as "friegårds", later called "proprietair" farms, the highest of the three classes of farms: Proprietairgård (Propr.), Selvejergård (Slg.) and Vornedegård (Vdg.).

Jørgen Pedersen's probate was held February 20, 1588, his three daughters were his inheritors. Kirsten received Båstedgård, 1' Vdg. (afri vornedegård) in Rø parish; the two youngest daughters Elline and Karen inherited rights to the two farms: Vellensgård proprietairgård in Nyker parish, and Eskesgård proprietairgård in Pedersker parish. On January 30, 1608, Elline's husband Esbern Kofoed, of Poulsker parish, sold his wife's portion in Vellensgård and Eskesgård to her brother-in-law Mads Hansen Kofoed; in exchange Esbern Kofoed received the deeds for 3 farms: Frigård, 12' Vdg. (a fri vornedegård) in Poulsker parish, Tuegård (in Egeby), 6' Vdg. Åker, and Frostegård (in Mæby), 1' Vdg. Nyker.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Inger blev gift med Peder Poulsen Kofoed cirka 1585 i Bornholm. Peder (søn af Poul Kofoed og nn Ibsdatter) blev født i 1548 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; døde i 1616 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Margrethe blev gift med Jørgen Henningsen Gagge cirka 1570. Jørgen (søn af Henning Jørgensen Gagge og Elisabeth Elline Clausdatter Kames) blev født cirka 1552 i Prgd. Store Almegård, Knudsker Sogn; døde i 1606 i Prgd. Store Almegård, Knudsker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Notater:

Note (Norman Lee Madsen)
Hans Berildsen was the owner of Bjergegård, 24 Vdg. Åker, and (Lille) Halsegård, proprietairgård in Østermarie. He was a signatory on a 1608 letter of authorization giving Hans and Poul Kofoed permission to attend the festivities in Lund, Skåne (now part of Sverige/Sweden), where the nobility swore their allegiance to Prince Christian in the year 1610.

The written authorization to attend is stated as follows:
"We, the hereafter stated signatories: Jens Kofoedt of Kyndegaard, Hanns Kofoedt of Blykobbegaard, Peder Koefoedt of Bagisgaard, Matz Koefoedt of Eskiilsgaard, and Niels Beriildsen of Gadebygaard, all Free-men of Borringholm, and present here together hereby declare. . . The honest and noble man: Hanns Lindenow, Commander of Hammershus Fortress, has according to our consent, requested these two persons: the honourable Hans and Poffuill Koefoedt to travel to Kiöbenhaffn with our authorized document and be our representatives (at Prince Christian's election). . .as further documentation we have in our own handwriting signed and sealed this our open-letter."

The above letter is dated: "Borringholm, 6 Maij, Anno 1608." With the signatures of: Jenns Koefoedt, Hans Kofod, Peder Koefoedt, Matz Koefoedt, Jacob Køller, Hans Berillsenn, Niels Berendtzen.

From the Åker-Åkirkeby kirkebog:
May 19, 1648: Liig, Nr. 1, Karen Hans Berlsens æt. 67 a.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,Ontario, Canada, 12 Jun 2016.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Karen. Karen blev født cirka 1581; døde i 1648 i 24. vgd. Bjergegård, Åker Sogn; blev begravet den 19 maj 1648. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Proprietær
• Jordebog: 1651, Prgd. Gadebygård, Østermarie Sogn

Notater:

Note (Kure gårdregister)
prgd. Gadebygård Østermarie
Nævnt i 1648 i forbindelse med udstedelse af en hyldningsfuldmagt (BS) 1.Rk. bind 16, side157. - Stor Halsegård ophører nu som sædegård, og overgik til proprietærgård for den næste ejer.

Niels blev gift med Elsebye Pedersdatter Kofoed cirka 1620 i Østermarie Kirke. Elsebye (datter af Peder Poulsen Kofoed og Inger Pedersdatter) blev født cirka 1596 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; døde cirka 1630 i Prgd. Gadebygård, Østermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Land-owner (Proprietær)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 12.3369 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 12.3413 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.4485 (Sommer)

Notater:

Note(kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database9

Hans Kofoed, as the owner of Heslegård, 21 Vdg. a "fri vornedegård" (freehold farm), and Knæbjerghus, both in Østerlars parish, participated in the Freeman status meeting in 1572. In 1586 he is recorded as living in Rønne, and in 1590 and 1608 as the owner of the Freeman's estate Blykobbegård in Nyker parish.

Hans Kofoed is recorded in Bornholm's Jordebog as the taxpayer for Rosmannegård, 27' Slg. Knudsker, in 1611; and as the taxpayer for 26'Slg. Knudsker (part of the Store Almegård estate) in 1617, and in the Hammershus Regnskaber, 1617-1631 as being "Hans Koefoed aff Knudsker Sogen", one of the men presiding on February 14, 1625 over the division of the estate of Christopher Olsen's wife Seigne, who had been beheaded for witchcraft.

Sigvard Mahler Dam states, in "Over Hals og hoved" (published in SAXO, 1991), that he discovered that in 1666 there was a case in court concerning the estate of the deceased widow Christine Kiøller (died 1665), in which Hans Olufsen Kofoed, the grandson of Hans (Madsen)Kofoed, states that he is as close an heir after Christine Kiøller as her guardian Claus Kames. Christine is the daughter of Christen Clausen Køller (died circa 1582) and Margrethe Mogensdatter Uf, of Store Hallegård in Olsker.

Sigvard notes that Hans Kofoed named a son Claus, and another son Jacob, which up to that point had not been given names used by the Kofoed-family. Since Christen Clausen Køller had named a son Jacob, Sigvard speculates that Claus and Jacob are Køller family names. Sigvard also notes that Christine Kiøller's brother Christen Clausen Kiøller (junior) signed documents in 1624 and 1628, while he was Bornholm's chiefjustice, which concerned the Kofoed family. (This information was first published in Julius Bidstrup's book on Kofoed family A.)

Based on the above, Sigvard suggests that Hans Kofoed's wife may have been the daughter of Christen Clausen Køller (senior) and Margrethe Mogensdatter Uf. (Or possibly it is Hans Olufsen Kofoed's mother Sidsele who is the relative of Christine Kiøller? - Norman Madsen)

However, it seems just as possible that Hans Kofoed's wife was the half-sister of Christen Clausen Køller (died circa 1582, of Store Hallegård in Olsker). According to Edvard Skovgaard, in "1000 Aner til en Skovgårdsslægt" (pub. 1989), Christen Clausen Køller is the son of a Claus Köller (from Pomerania) and Margarete von Schinckel. Possibly "Margarete von Schinckel" is the same person as the wife of Claus Clausen Kames, namely "Margrethe" (died May 10, 1693) of Rønne? Claus Clausen Kames and Margrethe are said to be the grandparents of the Claus Kames mentioned in the 1666 court case. - Norman Lee Madsen, January 28, 2003.

At the "Frimandsmødet" held on September 6, 1572 there were 17 men named as being in attendance: 1. Jacob Iversen, Landsdommer; 2. Mester Peder W(= Peder [Mogensen] Uf); the brothers 3. Peder Hansen; and 4. Bent Hansen; 5. Jørgen Pedersen; 6. Peder (Madsen) Kofoed; 7. Oluf Madsen; 8.Oluf Bagge; 9. Hans Mogensen, as he was away at the king's court he was represented by his father Mogens Hansen; 10. Peder (Hansen) Myre; 11. Jørgen Gagge; 12. Berent Hansen (= Berild Hansen); 13. Laurids Pedersen; 14. Jens (Madsen) Kofoed; 15. Christen (Clausen) Kiøller; 16. Peder Hansen (Uf); and 17. Hans (Madsen) Kofoed. Three advisers to the Danish Parliment (Rigsråder) had been sent to preside over the meeting, namely: Biørn Kaas of Starupgaard, Biørn Andersen of Stenholt, and Jørgen Marsvin of Dybæk. The group expressed heartfelt and solemn words about faithful service to the crown; and it seems they had an inkling of things to come, and therefore begged the King not to let himself be "seduced" by Lübeck's representative Sveder Ketting, "because you might expect that Lübeck only plotted to keep our island under their yoke." This was during the period in which Bornholm was strongly under the influence (and rulership) of the Hanseatic League free-city of Lübeck; the Bornholmers felt greatly put upon by the high taxes, unfair rules, and high-handedness of the Lübeckers. Contrary to the opinion of latter historians they must have convinced the envoys, as on the 9th of September the freemen were granted the right to gather shipwrecks from the beaches, hunt in the woods, as well as given full authority over their servants - a great victory for the freemen.

Hans Kofoed is known to have been living in Rønne in 1586, and to have been to owner of Heslegård, 21' Vdg. Østerlars parish. Hans Kofoed, named as a "Frimand", was one of the delegates who on May 6, 1608, in København, selected and confirmed Prince Christian as the future King of Denmark. He also, along with Peder (Poulsen) Kofoed (1548-1616), took part in the following festivities in Lund, Skåne (now part of Sverige/Sweden), where the nobility swore their allegiance to Prince Christian in the year 1610.

Their written authorization to attend is stated as follows:
"We, the hereafter stated signatories: Jens Kofoedt of Kyndegaard, Hanns Kofoedt of Blykobbegaard, Peder Koefoedt of Bagisgaard, Matz Koefoedt of Eskiilsgaard, and Niels Beriildsen of Gadebygaard, all Freemen of Borringholm, and present here together hereby declare. . . The honest and noble man: Hanns Lindenow, Commander of Hammershus Fortress, has according to our consent, requested these two persons: the honourable Hans and Poffuill Koefoedt to travel to Kiöbenhaffn with our authorized document and be our representatives (at Prince Christian's election). . .as further documentation we have in our own handwriting signed and sealed this our open-letter."

The above letter is dated: "Borringholm, 6 Maij, Anno 1608" With the signatures of: Jenns Koefoedt, Hans Kofod, Peder Koefoedt, Matz Koefoedt, Jacob Køller, Hans Berillsenn, Niels Berendtzen. (Jørn Klindt notes that Hans Kofoed's signature is not like that of his brother the Judge Jens Kofoed - the Judge was experienced and fluent at handwritting – while Hans Kofoed, being a farmer, was unaccustomed to feather and ink, which easily made blotches!)

From the seven seals affixed we can see that Jens Kofoed and Hans Kofoed, and Hans Kofoed's son Mads, used the "Sparre" (Chevron) image in their seals, but Peder Kofoed did not -- his seal was simply marked "P.K." Also, note that "Borringholm" and "Kiöbenhaffn" are the old style spellings of Bornholm and København (Copenhagen).

In 1595 Hans Kofoed had incorporated the image of a chevron (gavlsparren) in his seal; this later became the most widely incorporated image in later Kofoed seals. The "sparre" was the symbol used by his mother Gunhild's family in their coat of arms. His eldest son Mads Kofoed used this image from 1608, and his descendants (the "Rønne family" or "branch B" as this line of the family was referred to by Julius Bidstrup) used it as well.

Hans Kofoed at one point held the position of churchwarden (kirkeværge) for Nyker parish. He lived long enough to see his children prosper; they were privileged to have been born as freemen and have wealthy and influential relations. Through marriages they further built up their family position.

The "Danish Coat of Arms" registry includes no less than 18 familie scarrying the "sparre" (chevron) as part of their coat of arms. The image of the chevron used by the Rønne branch of the Kofoed-family seems to have come to it via the Uf-family of Skåne province. Noblemen of the Uf-family settled on Bornholm around the year 1400, and when the Mads Kofoed married into that family it seems that his descendants adopted the Uf's coat of arms with its depiction of a "sparre" (chevron). Later, as the "Rønne family" and the "Østermarie family" began to inter-marry the image of the chevron can be seen together with the cow-foot image of the Østermarie line descended from Poul Kofoed (-1549-1572-) of Kofoedgård in Østermarie parish.

From the book "Danske adelsvåbener, en heraldisk nøgle", Politikens Forlag, 1973, København:
Kofod. Et koben. Farver og eventuel hjelmfigur kendes ikke. Markvard Kofod, væbner, 1378; afkom ukendt. NDA side 151.

(Translated to english:)
Kofod. On the shield a cow-foot. Colours and eventual helmet-design unknown. Markvard Kofod, arms carrier in 1378; no known descendants. NDA page 151.

According to Sigvard Mahler Dam's article "De bornholmske væbnerslægter Uf og Splid - noget nyt om deres våbener", (Heraldisk Tidsskrift, 1982), the Kofoed-family's arms carried a blue chevron on a red background, with 2 white vesselhorns on the helmet, and that "Danmarks Kirker", volume 7, Bornholm, tells the same, but incorrectly lists the arms as the belonging to the Gagge-family.

From the Hammershus Regnskaber, 1580-1617:
Hendrick Brahes Regenschaff aff Hammershus paa Borringholm fran Philippi Jacobj dag 1585 thill Philippi Jacobj dag âo. 1586. . . . Inndtegttpennge før sagefaldt: . . . Anndamit ieg aff Hans Sabell ibidem [Rønde]før hand slo Hanns Kuofoedh ibidem [Rønde] - 1-1/2 Daller.

The above entry translated to English:
Henrik Brahe's financial accounting for Hammershus on Bornholm from May1, 1585 until May 1, 1586. . . . Accounts Receivable for transgressions:. . . I received from Hans Sabell of Rønne because he struck Hans Kofoedof Rønne - 1-1/2 Rigsdaler.

From the Hammershus Regnskaber, 1617-1631:
Wy effterskreffne Peder Andersøen, aff Nelausker Sogen, Herridtsfogitt paa Borrenholm Peder Andersøen, Mads Jensøen, Hans Koefoed aff Knudsker Sogen, bekiender och witterligtt gør for alle, och aff Knud Jensøen Kongl. May. Ridefogitt her sammestedts, att werre tikriste och befallid att verre tilstede paa skifftte som bemeltte Knud Jensøen, paa Kongl.May. och sin gunstige horris wegne loid holde, med Cristoffer Olsøen aff Knudsker Sogen efftter sin hustru som wdj troldomb wor kyndige, och derforre bleff dømbtt och heden rett. Huor ouffuer hindis houffuedloid komb wdj Kongens werge, saa ere wj bemeltte mend wdj Jens Søffrensøn Borgemester wdj Rønde, Fock Saffraff Raadmand ibid., samme fleregottfolck derris neruerilse den 14 February neruerende aar 1625 i forhne Cristoffer Olsøns gaard, forsamblede fornhe ørinde, och vereff attwdrotte. - Och for dett første ør wdj worris neruerilse oprognitt huiswitterlig gield och børnegoeds som med rette aff fellidsboe kundefordris. Huilkid er wdj tre ware korn och en partt fæ, forloddiswdtagitt, och siden er boed mitt; the skifft, och Kongl. May. part straxpersileris andteginde och aff os worderrid, som følger: . . . . Naar affforhne summa penge fratagis huis som paa Seyne Cristoffers er bekostidoch anvoret for hun først bleff behofftid, och indtil hun bleff hedenrettid, saa och fogdens penninge: . . . Erlige och welarte mend, Jens Søfrensøn Borgemester och Fock Saffraff Raadmand i Rønde, som och hoisworre, medois till witterlighed att beseylle, Datum Rønde den 15 FebruaryAnno 1625.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Hans blev gift med xxx Clausdatter Kjøller før 1585. xxx (datter af Claus Köller og Margrethe von Schinckel) blev født før 1566 i Prgd. Skovsholm, Ibsker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 12.3342 (Garde)

Notater:

Reference: +SL note
Kirsten Jørgensdatter was married three times; her marriage to Esber Hansen was the second. She brought "Baastadgaard, 1. vornedegaard i Rø sogn" with her into her third marriage.

Place of residence: 1.vgd. Bådstadgård i Rø

ægteskab 1 ukendt,
arvede Bådstadgård i Rø

Kirsten blev gift med Esber Hansen før 1602. Esber blev født i 1587; døde i 1. vgd. Bådstedgård, Rø Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Kirsten blev gift med Bendt NN cirka 1618. Bendt blev født før 1600; døde efter 1618. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Notater:

Occupation: Farm-owner (Gårdejer)
Elline Jørgensdatter was the owner of Frigård, 12. Vdg. in Poulsker
parish, she inherited the farm from her father.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Esbern Kofoed. Esbern blev født før 1565 i Bornholm; døde cirka 1620 i 12. vgd. Frigård, Povlsker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Oluf Hansen Kofoed. Oluf (søn af Hans Madsen Kofoed og xxx Clausdatter Kjøller) blev født cirka 1593 i Prgd. Blykobbegård, Nyker Sogn; døde i 1641 i Prgd. Blykobbegård, Nyker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 12.2244 (Sommer)

Notater:

Place of residence: Vellensgård i Nyker
Hun bragte sin mand både Vellensgård i Nyker og Eskesgård i
Pedersker.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Mads Hansen Kofoed. Mads (søn af Hans Madsen Kofoed og xxx Clausdatter Kjøller) blev født cirka 1588 i Prgd. Blykobbegård, Nyker Sogn; døde den 2 nov. 1646 i Prgd. Vellensgård, Nyker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Købmand

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: fra 1624 til 1636; Borgmester i Ystad

Notater:

Note (Overført juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)
Oluf Pedersen Kofoed was first a "Købmand" (Merchant) and "Rådmand (Alderman) in Rønne. He was first married first to Margrethe Sigvardsdatter in 1608, with whom he had 7 children, 5 of whom died young. His second marriage on October 19, 1623 was to Giertrud Lauridsdatter, the daughter of Laurids Giertsen, an alderman in Ystad. After which he moved to Ystad in the Danish province of Skåne, as we find him as mayor of Ystad from 1624 until his death in 1636. Oluf and Giertrud had 8 children, 4 of whom died young. His son Sivert, from his first marriage, would also become mayor of Ystad; he owned 3 "Fri Vornedegårde" (Free Copyhold Farms) on Bornholm, namely: Ågård, 2' Vdg. Pedersker, Ågård, 2' Vdg. Nylars, and Heslegård, 2' Vdg. Olsker.

From the Hammershus Regnskaber, 1617-1631:
Exstragtt och Forklaring offuer Konng. Matz. Regennschaff, aff Hammerszhus Slott och Leenn, paa Boringholmb, fra Phillippi Jacoby daug, Anno 1617, och till Aarsdaugenn Anno 1618. . . . Noch annamed som Olluff Koefod i Rønnde haffuer ført fraa Gullannd, 20 aller thømmer – 12 ochyllexer.

Konng. Maitz. Regenschaff aff Hammersshus Leenn paa Boringholmb fraa Phillippy Jaoby daug Anno 1617, och thill Aarsdagenn Anno 1618. . . . Peninge giffuedt for Adschilligge waare, som tell Slottenns fornødennhedtehr kiøpt: Giffuet Olluff Koefodt i Rønnde for 3200 tagsteenn for huert thussinde, ny slette daller ehr, penninge - 23 Dr. 1-1/2 Mk. R. 2 Sk. -Noch giffuet hannem tell fragt, aff enn skude fuld med thømmer, fraa Gullanndt och till Boringholmb, eftter Her Statthollders schriffuellse till Dettløff Hollet paa Gullanndt, som schulle bruges tell Slottenns fornødenheedt, penninge - 30 Rdr.

Indtegt och vdgifft aff Boringholmb fraa Phillipi Jacobi dag Anno 1623 och till Aarsdagenn Anno 1624. . . . Giffuet Olluff Kofod i Rønde for 2 tyllker (12 allen lange) fyre daller, som till enn ny trappe och sualle till fruor suffuen dechen trappe till schriffuer stiuffuen, bleffue forbrugte, penge - 6 Rxdlr.

From Bornholm's Jordebog of 1658, compiled during the Swedish occupation of the island:
Sönder Häradh, Pederskier Sochn, Frälssehemman: Hans Pofuelsen i Ågård (Sifuerdt Kofots i Ystad)
Väster Häradh, Ny Laurskier Sochn, Frälsehemman: Niels Olufsen (Sifuert Koofots i Ystad)
Norre Häradh, Oelschier Sochn, Frälssehemman: Sven Monsen (Sifverdt Koofot i Ystadh).

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Oluf blev gift med Margrethe Sigvardsdatter i 1608 i Ystad, Skåne. Margrethe blev født før 1590 i Skåne; døde cirka 1623 i Ystad, Skåne. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Oluf blev gift med Giertrud Lauritsdatter i 1623 i Ystad, Skåne. Giertrud blev født før 1600 i Skåne; døde efter 1628 i Skåne. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Rådmand i Malmö

Notater:

Note (Overført juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

Peder Kofoed inherited Baggegård estate in 1616 and sold it in 1625, after which he moved to Malmö in Skåne province [now in Malmöhus county(län), Sverige]. Inherited Baggård, Klemensker parish, and two other farms after his father died; he sold all three to Matthias Puttkammer.

Skåne (aka Scania) was a Danish province for several hundred years before it was lost in war to the Swedes; handed over to Sverige/Sweden as a result of the "Peace of Roskilde", signed in 1658. The old territory of Skåne now comprises the counties (läns) of Malmöhus and Kristianstad.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Peder blev gift med Margrethe Jostdatter Krutmeier cirka 1625 i Malmöhus Län, Skåne. Margrethe blev født cirka 1600 i Malmöhus Län, Skåne; døde i 1635 i Malmöhus Län, Skåne. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Borgmeste i Slagelse

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Boel blev gift med Claus Michelsen Hartwig cirka 1621 i Rønne. Claus (søn af Michel Augustin Hartwig og nn Clausdatter Kames) blev født cirka 1575 i Rønne; døde i 1630 i Skudt til søs udfor Wismar. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Boel blev gift med Christen Lauridsen cirka 1630 i Rønne. Christen (søn af Laurids) blev født før 1605 i Bornholm; døde før 1659 i Rønne. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Elsebye blev gift med Niels Berildsen cirka 1620 i Østermarie Kirke. Niels (søn af Berild Hansen) blev født før 1590 i Prgd. Gadebygård, Østermarie Sogn; døde efter 1651. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Jens Spager. Jens blev født før 1610 i Bornholm; døde i UNKNOWN. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Proprietær
• Skifte: 2 nov. 1646

Notater:

Note(kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

Mads Kofoed inherited ownership rights to Koefoedgård, which he took over with a deed of conveyance dated July 10, 1630, from his brother Oluf Kofoed, who had managed the farm while his brother Mads was under-age. Mads Kofoed was continually plagued by financial difficulties; on March1 3, 1624, he had to sell part ownership of a farm in Østerlars parish which was his wife's property. After his wife Karine Kofoed Hansdatter died (sometime between 1637 and 1645) his debt grew again, as he was obliged to pay out to his children their maternal inheritance.

Mads Kofoed must have remarried, as court records from after his death in 1646 inform us that he left behind a widow named "Karrine Hansdatter". According to the probate the farm's buildings were old and in poor repair; the house and adjascent buildings were only appraised at 700 silver Daler.

After he died probate was held on November 2, 1646, and it tells us that the farm buildings were very run-down and the total value of the property was not more than 700 silver Daler. Those who have studied his judgements have come away with the impression that he, as far as possible, supported the lower-courts and was often swayed by them. Also, it is noted that many of the officials for the lower-court seemed to gradually become members of the Kofoed-family!

The evidence that Mads Kofoed's first wife, Karine, was a member of the Kofoed-family can be found in the above mention document dating March 13, 1624, wherein "Mads Kofoed af Østermarie Sogn paa min hustrus vegner "(Mads Kofoed of Østermarie parish on his wife's behalf) sold, along with his brothers-in-law, a farm in Østerlars to " deres bror, Peder Kofoed, Raadmand i Rønne" (their brother, Peder Kofoed, Alderman in Rønne). There is no known evidence as to the coat-of-arms or seal used by Mads Kofoed; however, since both his father's gravestone and his son Poul Kofoed Madsen, of Svaneke, used the cow-foot image we can assume that this was used by Mads Kofoed as well.

From the Hammershus Regnskaber, 1631-1641:
Mandtal och Forklarings Register offuer Spindpennge Skatten aff Hammershus Lehn, for Ao. 1637 och Anno 1638. . . . Østermarck Sogn: . . .23. Madz Kofod.

From the Hammershus Ekstraskattemandtaller, 1640-1645:
Mandtall och Schatte Register paa den Amindelige pendinge Schatt som Miening Bønder och Alffmue offuer Boringholmb, vdgaff thill Martiny Anno 1640. . . . Østermarck Sogenn: . . . 23. Jens Andersen.

Mandtall och Skatte Register paa de Almindelige Pendinge Schatt som Kongl. May. och Adelens Bønder och Thienere offuer Hammershuus Leen paa Boringholmb vdgaff thil Johannes Daug Anno 1640. . . . Østermarch Sogen:. . . 23. Madz Kofod.

Mandtal och Forklarings Register offuer Baadsmens Skatten aff Hammershus Lehn for Ao. 1640 til S. Johanni Dag. . . . Østermarck Sogen: . . . 23. Madz Kofoed.

Mandtall och Skatte Register paa den Almindelige Pendinge Schatt som Kong. May. och Adelenhe Thienere offuer Borringholmbs Leen vdgaff till Michely Anno 1641. . . . Østermarck Sogenn: . . . 23. Madz Kofod.

Mandtall och Schatte Register paa Fastelauffns Kongschatt Anno 1641 somBønder och Meeninge Alffmue offuer Boringholmbs Leen, vdgaff: . . .Østermarch Sogen: . . . 23. Jens Andersen.

Mandtall och forklaring offuer Goedzmends schatten aff Boringholmbs Leenoch kiøbstede till Johanj 1641. . . . Østermarck Sogen: . . . 23. Madz Koefoed.

Mandtall och Schatte Register paa din Almindelige Pendinge Schatt, somKongl. May. och Adelens Bønder och Thienere paa Boringholmb, wdgaff, til Fastelauffuen och Johany Anno 1642. . . . Østermarck Sogenn: . . . 23. Madz Kofod.

Mandtal och Skatte Register paa dend almindelige pendinge skatt, somKongl. Maytts. och Adelens Bønder och Thiennere offuer Hammershus Lehnpaa Borringholmb wdgaff till Martinj Anno 1642. . . . Østermarck Sogen: .. . 23. Matz Kofod. . . . Møller Vden Auffl: Matz Kofod.

Mandtall och forclarings register, paa Boedtzmends Schatten offuerBoringholms Leen, till S. Johanj daugh Anno 1642. . . . Østermarck Sogen:. . . 23. Mads Koefoed.

Mandtal och Skatte Register paa dend Almindelige Pendinge Schatt somKongl. Maytt. och Adelens Bønder och Tiennere offuer Hammershuus Lehnnpaa Borringholmb, wdgaff till Johannj Anno 1643. . . . Østermarck Sogenn:. . . 23. Matz Kofod.

Mandtall och Skatte Register paa den Almindelige Pendinge Schatt, somKongl. Maytt. och Adelens Bønder och Thienner offuer Hammershus Lehn paaBorringholm, vdgaff till Paasche Anno 1644. . . . Østermarch Sogen: . . .23. Matz Kofoed.

From the Hammershus Ekstraskattemandtaller, 1646-1651:
Mandtall och Schate Register paa dend Paabuene, Korn Schadt, som Ko. Maytts. och Adellens Bønder och tienere offuer Hammershuuszlehn paa Borringholmb, vdgaff til Santj Michels Daug Anno 1646. . . . Østermarck Sogen: . . . 23. Madz Koefoed.

Mandtall och Schate Register, paa dend allmindelig kaaber schatt, som Ko. Ma. och Adelens Bønder och Tiennere offuer Hammerszhuusz Lehn paa Borringholmb, vdgaff til Sanctj Michels Dag Ao. 1646. . . . Østermark Sogen: . . . 23. Madz Koefoed.

Mandtall och Schate Register paa dend Almindelige Pendinge Sckat, som Kong. Maytts. och Adelens Bønder och tienere offuer Hammerszhuusz Lehn paa Borigholmb, vdgaff till tuende terminer. Nemblig til Sanctj MichelsDaug och till Martinj Ao. 1646. . . . Østermark Sogen: . . . 23. Madz Koefoed.

Mandtals register paa dend almindelig pendinge schatt; som Kongl. Maytts. och Adellens Bønder och tienere offuer Hammerszhuusz Lehn paa Boringholmb schulle vdgiffue dend halffue part till Michaelis och dend halffue part till Martini 1647. . . . Østermarck Sogen: . . . 23. Madz Koefoed.

From the Hammershus Ekstraskattemandtaller, 1651-1659:
Mandtal och forklaringh register offuer Baadzmend Schatten och Spindpenge aff Hammershus Lehn bereignet fra Philipi Jacobi 1658 til Phil. 1659. . .. Østermarch sogen: . . . 23. Madz Kofod.

[Note: The above "mandtal og forklaring register over bådsmænd skatten og spindepenge" (census and register of the sailor's tax and spinning wages) appears to be based on taxpayers for the listed farms circa 1642, not 1658-59.]

Richtig forteignelse, paa huis til mig er ytt och leffuerit, aff Østeroch Nørre Herridtz resstantz, som resterit och forfalden var udj de Suensches regerings tid som var før Anno 1658. . . . Østermarcher Sogen:. . . Den 23. Hans Kofod, penge - 2 Mk.

From Bornholm's Jordebog, April 19, 1661:
Suaneke: Peder Koefod. . . Tolff tønder. Pouel Koefod. . . Tiuge tønder.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,Ontario, Canada.

Mads blev gift med Karine Hansdatter Kofoed cirka 1620. Karine (datter af Hans Madsen Kofoed og xxx Clausdatter Kjøller) blev født cirka 1602 i Prgd. Blykobbegård, Nyker Sogn; døde cirka 1640 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Mads blev gift med Karine Hansdatter Kofoed cirka 1620 i Bornholm. Karine (datter af Hans Madsen Kofoed, datter af Hans Madsen Kofoed og xxx Clausdatter Kjøller) blev født cirka 1602 i Blykobbegård, Nyker, Bornholm, Danmark; døde cirka 1640 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Mads blev gift med Karine Hansdatter cirka 1640 i Bornholm. Karine blev født cirka 1615 i Bornholm; døde cirka 1658 i Prgd. Gadebygård, Østermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Sophie Pors. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Claus blev gift med Margrethe Wortenberg i 1594. Margrethe blev født før 1575; døde i 1654 i 6. vgd. Klinteby, Ibsker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Notater:

Note (Norman Lee Madsen)
From Bornholm's Jordebog of 1651:
Aakier Sougn, Adelens oc Frimends Goedz, med deris Huusse, Berrild Hansöns Gaarde: 1. Niels Jenssönn. 2. Jens Hiullmager. Wdbygge oc Gadehuusse: Anders Anderssönn, Suendt Seche Pibere, Hans Michelssön, Peder Hiullmager, Jens Jenssönn, Jens Thröelssönn, Hans Weiermöller.

From the Åker-Åkirkeby kirkebog:
October 12, 1651: Ægte Børn, Nr. 44, 20 Trin. Berl Hanssens søn Hans.

July 4, 1654: Liig, Nr. 281, 4 Jul. Berel Hansens tienestedreng.

July 21, 1654: Liig, Nr. 322, og Berl Hansens tienestepaag.

July 18, 1654: Liig, Nr. 311, Margrete Berl Hansens søn Hans.

December 10, 1654: U-Ægte Børn, Nr. 6, 2 Advent. Jørgen hos Borgmesterog Margret hos Berel Hansens, deris søn Jørgen.

July 13, 1656: Communicantes, 6 Trin. Berel Hansen og Jomfru MargreteMaccabæa brudeviet udi Ibs Kirke.

August 25, 1661: U-Ægte Børn, Nr. 2, Dnca 11 Trin., Iser Hanssen ogBente Jensd. hos Berl Hansen, deris datter Boel.

Note: no burial record found for Berild Hansen in 1668, nor for his wife Margrethe circa 1654-56 in the Åker-Åkirkeby parish register. Accordingto Sigvard Mahler Dam's article "Landsdommer-patriciatet på Bornholm", part 2 (published in SAXO, 1988), Berild Hansen's wife Margrethe died in1654. A plague struck Bornholm in the years 1653 and 1654; inÅker-Åkirkeby parish it killed 108 (in 1653) and 480 (in 1654).

Mention of a document dated November 15, 1654 extracted from the probatefor Hans Kofoed Olufsen, November 16, 1694, page 18:
Anno 1694 dend 16 November, med paa folgende dato er efter loulig giorde tillysning inden Herritsting, og Langsting, holden registering, og vurdering, sampt schifte, og deeling efter Erlig, og Mandhaste nu sal. Corporal Hans Koefoed Ollufsen som boede, og døde paa dend 50 Jordejendom gaard kaldis Ladegaarden beliggende udi Clemmedsker Sogn. . . Eenforfetning som sal. Zigvart Gagge til Myrregaard, Mads Koefoed Madsen til Eskesgaard, Suend Ollsen paa Baggegaard, Berrild Hansen paa Bieregaarden hafuer giort, og paa Hart Korn bereg med, og sat berørte 15 Worned og dens landgielde, som er skeed den 8 November 1654, som er af følgende indhold. Wi efterskrivene Zigvart Gagge til Myrregaard uid Aachier Sogn, Mads Koefoed Madsen til Eskisgaarden i Pederskier Sogn, Suend Oelsen paa Baggegaarden i Clemmedskier Sogn, og Berreld Hansen paa Bieregaarden udi Aaekier Sogn, kiendes, og giør vitterligt, at efter som vi erre opmelt indnu Vester Herrits Ting, at ville vurdering taxsere en vornedegaard udi formelte Herrit som sal. Olluf Koefoed til Blyekobbegaard i Nøcher Sogn til førde og Laurids Lassen udi boede. . . .

From Bornholm's Jordebog of 1658, compiled during the Swedish occupationof the island:
Berild Hansen hafver medh sin hofvodgård Bergegård: 6 Gårder.
Öster Häradt, Östermarck Sochn, Frälse og Friimanshemman, Uthan af giktil Kronan: Lars Hansen (Berild Hansens). . . 0 Daler.
Sönder Häradh, Boelschier Sochn, Frälsechemman: Jens Nielsen (Berild Hansen till Bieregård). . . 4 Daler, 19, Öre, 20 Penningar.
Sönder Häradh, Åkier Sochn, Frälsehemman: Jepp Christophersen (FrimmansBerild Hansens til Bieregård). . . 3 Daler, 8, Öre, 12 Penningar.
Sönder Häradh, Åkier Sochn, Frälsehemman: Sven Jensen (Frimmans BerildHansens). . . 2 Daler, 25, Öre, 12 Penningar.
Sönder Häradh, Åkier Sochn, Säte og Frigården: Bertell Hansen iBieregård (Berild Hansens). . . 3 Daler, 25, Öre, 8 Penningar.
Väster Häradh, Nykier Sochn, Frälssehemman: Michel Berildsen (FrimmanBerild Hansens). . . 3 Daler, 12, Öre, 20 Penningar.

The above 1658 taxpayer land-book tells us that Berild Hansen's estate-farm "Bergegård" had 6 farms attached to it: 1 in Østermarie (farmed by Lars Hansen), 1 in Bodilsker (farmed by Jens Nielsen), 3 in Åker (farmed by Jepp Christophersen, Sven Jensen, and Bertell Hansen), and 1 in Nyker parish (farmed by Michel Berildsen).

From Bornholm's Jordebog of 1662:
Sønder Herridt, Boelschier Sogn, Vaarnede: Juett Nielsen, BerilldHansens bunde (6 Vdg.)
Sønder Herridt, Aakier Sogn, Vaarneder: Svend Jensen, Hans Berilldsensbunde (7 Vdg.)
Sønder Herridt, Aakier Sogn, Vaarneder: Sadzer Hiulmager, HansBerildsens bunde (8 Vdg.)
Sønder Herridt, Aakier Sogn, Vaarneder: Berilld Hansen (24 Vdg.)

According to Kure's farm-list Berild Hansen is said to have owned (Lille) Halsegård, Propr. Østermarie, and Bjergegård, 24 Vdg. Åker, Bornholm, and also Store Egebygård, 7 Vdg. Åker parish; and that Berild Hansen is the son of Hans Berildsen of Gadebygård (aka Store Halsegård), and(Lille) Halsegård in Østermarie. Berild Hansen was the last man to hold "Frimand" status on Bornholm. Evidently he got into financial troubles and borrowed money from his very wealthy brother-in-law Rasmus Andersen Bleking. In order to redeam his debts Berild Hansen surrendered (Lille) Halsegård to Rasmus Andersen Bleking in 1664. He also mortgaged Bjergegård on May 18, 1663 to Michel Pedersen, of Grødbygård, 11 Vdg. Åker, for 650 Sldr. As he no longer owned a freeman's farm Berild Hansen lost the right to freeman status. As no burial record can befound in the Åker-Åkirkeby parish register for Berild Hansen, it seems likely that he went to live in Vallegård, 15 Vdg. Nyker, which he had sold to (his youngest son?) Michel Berildsen on May 2, 1656.

Extracted from the probate for son Michel Berildsen, October 1, 1681,page 18b:
Anno 1681 dend første Octobris, er efter loulig giorde tillysning holden rigistering og vurdering sampt skifte og deehling efter sl. MichelBereldsen, som boede og døde paa en Frie Vornede gaard som er dend 15 i tallet liggende udj Nyecher Sogn her paa Borringholmb, og som dend salig mands hustrue, for reun tiid siden, for hannem er hend død, og efterhende skifte er starden, da faetis efter benefete salig mand, med sin salig hustru, nue paa steden efter dennem iegen børn at hafue aufled. Men fremb komme, er hans sl. broders daatter nafnlig, Marren Larsdaatter, for hende suarer hendis mand Jens Aretsen nue boende i Nyecher Sogn. Paa dend ene, saa og 2de bemelte sl. mands fulde sødskende. Dend eldste nafnlig Magdalena sl. Hans Larsens, en enke, for huilken er laug verge hendis egen søn Anders Hansen nue boende udj Rydscher Sogn i Spannergaarden, hos huilken hun og nue sit rette hiemel hafuer. Den danden er Elsebeth Berreldsdaatter, for hende frembkomb og suarer dehendis mand Claus Hansen i bemelte Rydsker Sogn, de samptligen paa dend anden side. Huilke for skrefue sig med bellighed arfue rette heden tileigende. De paa Kongl. Majst. og rettens veigne, var ofuernverendis høyst bemelte Hans Kongl. Majst. Ampskrifuers og Ridefougets, udi hans louslige absens, hans beordrede fuldmegtig Lars Hansen udi Rønne som skiftet forvaltere. . . obligation først udgifuen til Hermand Clauesenudi Rønne, aar 1653 dend 27 April, af Afren Hansen i Clemmedsker Sogn, siden hafuer Jens Abrahambsen bekrefted dend en gield til Claus Jensen i Hasle, aar 1675 dend 30 April, dernest udi samme 75de aar dend 9 July lest inden Nørreherrits ting, og da er Jens Abrahamsen til funden at betalle. . . og Anno 1676 in Martj hafuer Jens Abrahambsen betalt paa dette brefued kom for 10 Dr., rester 30 Dr. Anno 1676 dend 7 May er denne hand skrifte lefueret, til Erlig og Velagte Mand Michel Berrildsen, paa Vallegaard, udi Nyker Sogn, for Thredufue Sldr. som Michel Bereldsenher forre til Mads Hermandsen betalt hafuer. . . Nue lest paa skifte efter sl. Michel Bereldsen, og da til faldt denne forberørte eng Jens Aretsen udi sin hustruis sl. Michel Bereldsens, broders daatters arfuepart, huilken hend skrift og blef paa skrefuen og Jens Aretsen lefuered.. . Huilket skeede i dend samme domb, som Edle og Velb. Hr. Christian Gedde samme forhen gard fra sl. Michel Berreldsens arfuinger blef tildombt. . . Jordris efter it skifte bref gangen efter sl. Michel Berreldsens hustrue af datto dend 10 December Ao. 1676 huor da sl. Michel Berreldsen, som vergede for sin broder daatter, Marren Laursdaatter, var bemelte pige paa hendis arfuepart efter hendis sl. forældre skyldig baade med capital og rente penge 43 Sldr. 6 Mk. 5-3/5 Sk. . . Lars Hansen i Nyker Sogn som verger tor Olle Nielsen og Niels Nielsen fordrer paa disse tuende myndlingens veigne børne penge 8 Dr. og rente der af siden 1676 til nue. . . Berendt Clausen er beuilget af samptlig. . . Sidsele Haagensdaatter fordred tieneste loed 2 Dr. . . Magdalena sl. Hans Larsens er beuilget. . . Mads Pedersen Byeskrifuer udi Rønne fordrer for noget til udfarten penge 2 Dr. for er udlagt. . . Hederlig og Vellærde Mand Hl. Hans Jensen Soede i Nyker Sogn fordrede om kostning paa en domb 6 Mk. 4Sk. . . Steffen Pedersen i Rønne fordrede for arbeids løn penge 5 Mk. 12Sk. der for er udlagt, en soe for 4 Mk., it lamb for 1 Mk. 8 Sk. hoes Henrich Brugman at af fordre 4 Sk. er 1 Dr. 1 Mk. 12 Sk. . . Anne sl. Claus Cams i Nielaursker sogn fordrer efter sin sedel som sl. Michel Bereldsen skulle hafue hoes. . . Jep Monsen i Vestermarie Sogn fordrer laante penge 4 Mk., og paa Niels Andersen i Clemmedsker Sogns reigne. . .Claus Hermandsen Bohne i Rønne fordret efter giorde af reigning penge 19Dr. 2 Mk. 12 Sk. . . Jacob Michelsen i Rønne fordrer for en skeppe hombe 2 Mk. der for er udlagt paa pijesengen it poelskadet seng klæde for: 2Mk. 8 Sk. . . Hans Markman i Rønne fordrer efter af reigning penge 4 Dr.1 Mk. 3 Sk. . . Chirsten Jep Hans i Rønne fordrer for lante penge 24 Sk.. . Madz Hansen i Rønne fordrer efter sin indgifuer de sedel 6 Mk. 2 Sk.. . Tolderen Madz Ollsen fordrer for en dombs beskrifuelse 6 Mk. forannammer Lars Hansen udlegt 1 Dr. 2 Mk. . . Peder Ibsen i Smør Engen iVestermarie Sogn fordrede 2 Mk. . . Velfornehme mand Hans Ollsen Raadmand udi Rønne fordrede efter forre gaaende skiftebref. . . Hans Espersen i Nielausker Sogn fordrer som hand skalle hafue landt sl. Michel Berreldsen 6 Mk. . . Hans Giødik fordrede. . . Bereld Hansen i Rydsker Sogn tienesteløn og andel arbeid fordred 7 Dr. . . Jep Lassen i Østermarie Sogn fordrede børne penge 3 Dr. . . Claus Hansen i Rydsker Sogn fordred efter forregaaende skiftebrefs lod sedel penge 35 Dr. 1 Mk. der af siden '76, dend 16 December for falden rente 8 Dr. 2 Mk. 6 Sk. . . Hans Jensen i Køllergaarden i Nielausker Sogn fordrede penge 6 Mk. derfor er udlagt, it faar for 3 Mk. 8 Sk. . . Hans Kongl. Majst. Amptskrifuer og Ridefougets fuldmegtig, Lars Hansen Eskede nu fremb, af de ved kommende arfuinger, som og alle tilstede var, alle, hus, brefue ved kommende denne gaard saavel som dend 11te og 12 gaard udi Nyekier Sogn, huilke brefue meenis atsl. Michel Bereldsen. . . at sl. Michel Berreldsens hustru sl. Christina Hansdaatter, alle 3de gaarderne hafde beboet, og med været dennem att betalle. . . sig paa it kiøbe bref paa dend 11 gaard, huilketer frembkom, og skulde være lydende paa Jep Ibsen og Arets Andersen. Endnu frembkom Hl. Rasmus Jensen udi Vestermarie Sogn, paa sin hustruis moders nafnlig, Chirsten Claues Koefods daatters veigne, og til skurde, samptligsl. Michel Bereldsens arfuinger, omede hafde nogen loulig laug bydelse paa denne 15tende gaard at frembirise. . . Hl. Rasmus Jensen paa bemelte sin hustru moders veigne, nemblig, at Chirstene Claus Koefoeds daatter, er neste arfuing til samme sl. Michel Berreldsens omrørte gaard, da Hl. Rasmus Jensen paa sin hustru moders veigne, at hafue prætention paa samme gaard og ejendom. . . skiøde eller forvaring, paa denne 15tende gaard, veidere end som af Claus Hansen berettis, nu til ilige Amptskrifuer Augustus Dechner, it bref at være lefuered, som hand forenner at skulle være kiøbebref paa denne 15tende gaard, og da dette her ved forblef. . .Karen sl. Willumb Clausens i Rønne fordrede efter sin indgifuende sedel.. . Carl Hørrer udi Rønne for sin umage ved udfarten er beuilget 4 Dr. 2Mk. . . Hans Degn udi Olsker Sogn er i ligemaade beuilget for samme umage4 Dr. 2 Mk. . . Rasmus Nielsen i Rønne fordrer for stemple paapier og it skiftebref. . . Bendte Rasmus Hans i Rønne fordrer. . . Sørren Danielsen i Rønne fordrer. . . Hans Koefoed paa Ladegaarden, fordrer for 15 aar siden gammel gield, penge 10 Mk. her paa suarris at efter som skifte er standen, efter sl. Michel Berreldsens sl. hustru. . . Lars Hansen i Rønne fordrede efter forrige skiftebref 4 Mk. . . Mads Terkeldsen i Rønne, hafde frembskaked en sedel under sin haand, der efter fordrede hundrede Slettedaller som sl. Michel Berreldsen skulle hafue oppebaaret udi hans fædrene gaard i Vestermarie Sogn, der for begierede udleg. . . .

From Bornholm's Landstingbog 1671-1683:
November 16, 1681, page 258a: Kongl. Mayt. Høybetraede Cancelie Raad og Amptmand Velb. Hr. Christian Gedde steffnt Daniel Barch Herritzfoged i Vesterhered for een dom hand har dømt i mellem Hans Wellhed paa den eene, og Claus Hansen i Rydskersogen paa dend anden side, ang. sl. Michel Berilds gaard i Nychersogen, med videre bemelte steffning tillige med hiembtings dommer i sig sielff lest og paaskreffuet formelte, og aff herridzfougden vedstaad forhaabte dend at vorde confirmerit. Eskede kostog tæring, Velb. Hr. Amptmand udi rette lagde sit skrifttlig indleg lest og paaskreffuet. Claus Hansen her udi mod udi rettelagde sit skrifttlig indleg som og bleff lest og paaskreffuet.

December 14, 1681 pages 262b-263b: Dom. Efttersom denne om tuistede vaarnede gaard, huilken, Høyædle og Velbaarne Herre, Hl. Christian Gedde til Schiffuehuus, Hans Kongel. Mayt. til Danmarch og Norge etc. CancelieRaad og Amptmand her offuer Landet, for sit fulde verd til eye begierer. Befindes under Kyndegaard (som er fri og frelst goedz) at haffue verret beliggende, og med sin eyendom og affgiftt der til berettiget, og haffue schyldet aarligen fire pund smør een tdr. arre, eet lam, een gaas, 2 høns og eet fornød. Item egt og arbeide, som andre uggedags bønder, som siden ved arff till eer anden fri mand Berild Hansen til Bieregaard udi Aackiersogen er henfalden, og hand den til Michel Berildsen een u-frimand i mod 242 Dr. og 1 hest forundte og affstod. Mens dag eftter sit der paa udgiffne kiøbebreff dennd 2 May 1656 iche eftter indsteffning till Landztinged, dennd 18 July 1660 noget fuld kommelig schiøde tilsamme Michel Berrildsen uden lovbydelse. Haffuer vildet giffue, som hans erklerring udi det der eftter forhuerffuede Landztings vidne indeholder, og imidlertid Michel Berildsen gaarden saaleedis for sine penge haffuer beboed, er dend ej bleffuen lovbøden som skee burde. Huor fore iche heller noget schiøde, der paa er udgiffuet, mens befindes udi een 12mendz dom indført dend 9 Juny 1662 at bemelte Berild Hansen haffuer giffuet sin tilladelse og samptøcke, til Anders Hansen, som da boede paa bemelte Kyndegaard, at hand maatte igien giffue Michel Berildsen sine udlagde penge, og betalle hannem huus biugningen eftter danne mendz tøcheog retteste maade. Huilched og eftter ad Anders Hansen strax ved døden affgick, hans eftterlatte encke, ved sin laug verge, Capitain Jens Koefoed, dennd 12 September 1662 haffuer til Michel Berildsen di udlagde penge sampt betahlning for hues hand gaarden med biugning haffde forbedred, opsagt og til bødet til Midfaste Ao. 1663, at erlegge ogbetalle, som alt saaleedis clarigen udi den udi rettelagde tolffoldingers dom findes specificerit. Eftter huilchen beskaffenhed iche kand eragtes det Michel Berildsen denne gaard til fuld kommen eye, u-paaancket haff haffuer, at der paa som formeenes hæffd eftter recessen kunde vere, heldst og fordi befindes at sl. Berild Hansen iche haffuer haftt diarff uinger som vere megtige gaard at kunde laugbiude og indfri, til med imidlertid haffuer baade dette land (des vehre) veret dend suenske regering undergiffuen, saa uel som mange andre besuerlige tider, og forhindringer indfaldet at Anders Hansen eller hans eftterlatte enche, eftter Berild Hansens til ladelse, formedelst u-for mufrenhed iche haffuer kundet penge aff sted kommed. Dend til Kyndegaard at indfri, derfor kand nu Claus Hansen paa sin hustrues veigne eller hendes søster, iche haffue nogen adgang til samme fri vaarnød, at indløs. Mens eftterdi Velbaarne Hr. Cancelie Raad og Amptmand, dend for sit fulde verd at kiøbe, begierer, kand det hans velbaarrhed, iche imod recessen udslaaes, efttersom og allereede dennd største andpart aff di andre vedkommende er Hans Velb. fuldkommeligen der udi offuer draged, og di deris andeel fornøyeligen haffuer annammet, nemblig pant haffueren Morten Moensen 113Dr. Jens Arredsen som een broder lod paa sin paa sin hustrues veigne tilkom 60 Dr. og Amptskriffueren 12 Dr. er tilsamen 185 Dr. Resten paa gaarden eftter samme maade til kommer forhen Claus Hansen, paa sin hustrus veigne, een søster lod 30 Dr. og søsteren Magdalene sl. Hans Lauridzens een søster lod 30 Dr. Huilche di til findes, og, at annamme, og der for uden eftter som Claus Hansen i blant andre sine prætentioner, foregiffuer at sl. Michel Berildsen, haffuer gaarden siden hand den ibesidelse bekom, een deel med huus biugning forbedred, som og med eenhuus taxering bevises. Huor dan hand den haffuer andtaged, daterit dend 17 April 1659 at høsten da er taxerit, til sammen for 25 Dr. 8 Sk. Item sees aff Berild Hansens egen tilbiudelse dend 9 Juny 1662 at hand vilde betalle hues der paa var forbedret. Thi kiendes billigt at vere, det disse tuende søstere, som iche deris part haffuer bekommed, bør at betalles. Hues dennem aff den huus biugning, med rette kand paa derris andeel til reignes, som enten eftter accordering eller danne mendz tøcke, dennem vil erstattes. Desligeste bør di 9 Mk. egtepenge som amptskriffueren paa skiftted, eftter Michel Berildsen hafr i gaarden indført, til bagge giffues, eftterdi dette som er eet fri vaarned, iche nogen egt og arbeidz penge giffuer, og i saa maade tilkiendes denne omrørte fir vaarnøde gaard med ald sin rette tilliggelse, Hans Velb. Hr. Cancelie Raad og Amptmand, Hans Adelige frue børn og alle deris arffuinger, at einde bruge og beholde, for eet fuldkommen kiøbt kiøb, till evindelig eye aldenstund ingen aff sahl. Berild Hansens slegt, og byrd, der paa iche noget haffuer at ancke, til huilcken ende, den endnu bør til dennem at lov bydes, belangende dend gienstridighed som bunden Claus Hansen, og hans søn Berild Clausen imod forbud med gaardens bemegtelse, og anden opsetzighed øffued haffr og gaarden uden louglig adkombst (lov og dom) dennem nøttig giort, der for tilfindes di at vere udi deris herskabs minde, og huad rugsæd di til gaarden lagt haffuer, dermed forholdes eftter Judske Lov - 2 bog - 72 Capitel, om iche imidlertidder om anderleedis omgaaes og foreenis, og di denne processis billig bekostning til Velb. Hr. Cancelie Raad og Amptmand at betalle, som de corteris udi hues Claus Hansen paa sin hustrues veigne, som forskreffuet staar tilkommer. Saaleedis er den indsteffnte Herridz fogdensdom confirmerit og ved magt kient. Detz til vidnesbiurd, etc.

February 1, 1682, page 266b: Høyædle og Velbaarne Hr. Cancelie Raad, og Amptmand Christian Gedde til Schiffue Huus, lod i dag første gang laugbiude dend fri vaarnede gaard i Nychersogen som Michel Berildsen sidst paa boedt haffuer, og hannem aff Vel Edle Hr. Landzdommer er vorden tilldømt, om nogen aff sl. Berild Hansen til Bieregaard hans slegt og arffuinger, til bemelte laug biudelse vill suare. Huor da ingen er fremkommen. Thingbudende forelagt, alle og en huer dette paa derissagnesteffne at forkynde.

February 22, 1682, page 270b: Velb. Hr. Cancelie Raad og Amptmand, Hr.Christian Gedde til Schiffuehuus, lod i dag anden gang till sl. Berild Hansen (som bode paa Bieregaarden i Aacher sogen) hans slegt og biurd,laug biude, den fri vaarnede gaard som Michel Berildsen paa bunde og fradøde ligende udi Nycker sogen, om der nogen er dend fra hannem for sølff og penge vil indløse og fri. Thingbudene forelagt een huer paa deris sognesteffne dette at til kiende giffue.

March 15, 1682, page 272a: Noch loed Velbaarne Her Cancelie Raad og Amptmand, dend Høyædle og Velb. Hr. Christian Gedde til Schiffuehuus idag, 3de gang laug biude, sl. Michel Berildsens gaard i Nychersogen. Thingbudene forelagt dette paa sagnesteffne at aff kyndiges

April 5, 1682, page 275a: Noch lod Velb. Her Cancelie Raad og Amptmand offuer Boringholm, dend Høyædle og Velb. Hr. Christian Gedde til SchiffueHuus i dag 4de gang laug biude dend fri vaarnede gaard i Nyckersogen, som Michel Berildsen paa boede og fra døde, om der nogen aff sahl. Berild Hansens arffuinger dend for sølff og penge vil indfri eller løse. Huorda ingen er fremkommen, som her paa i nogen maade talte.

April 26, 1682, page 279a: Noch bleff i dag 3de gang laugbøder sahl. Michel Pedersens sidste paa boende gaard, kaldes Bieregaarden i Aackiersogen, som hand fra døde, og det til sl. Bereld Hansens arffuinger, om der nogen er dend med sølff og penge, vil indfri. Thingudene forlelagt, rette paa sognesteffne at til kiende giffues, omnogen der til vil suare.

May 31, 1682, page 280b: I dag 4de gang laug bøden Bieregaarden i Aackiersogen, som Berild Hansen haffde paa boet og er fra død om der nogen aff hand ved kommende dend fra Johanne sl. Michel Persens, som nu paa boer. Dend med sølff og penge vil indfri, ellers esker Johanne sl. Michel Persens fuldmegtig Borg. Christen Gregersen panted til eye. Her imod i rettelagde Hans Kofod i Perskersogen sit skrifttlig indleg som bleff lest og paaskreffuet.

Mention of Michel Berildsen's future wife, the widow Kirstine Hansdatter,in the 1658 Jordebog:
Väster Häradh, Nykier Sochn, Skattehemman, Nr. 11: Kirstene AristAndersens. . . 17 Daler, 15 Öre, 8 Penningar.

And again in the 1662 Jordebog:
Vester Herridt, Nykier Sogen, Bunde, Nr. 11: Kirstine Arist Andersen.

Michel Berildsen and his new spouse Kirstine Hansdatter bought Vallegård in Nyker parish on May 2, 1656 for 242 Sldr. and one horse from BerildHansen. At least that is what they believed - however the seller Berild Hansen of Bjergegård, 24 Vdg. in Åker parish could not give them the proper deed. Possibly he had no legal right to perform the transaction, as Vallegård was "Freeman's Property" (Frimandsgods) - it was one of several peasant farms (vornedegårde) that were under the jurisdiction of Kyndegård estate. In any case Michel Berildsen lived, unchallenged, at Vallegård for the rest of his life - more than 20 years - all the while paying his yearly dues to the proprietor of Kyndegård: 4 lbs. of butter, 1 barrel of oats, 1 lamb, 1 goose, 2 hens, and 1 calf, and a certain number of days of farm work at Kyndegård. After Michel Berildsen's death, the court decided that his inheritors had no right to own Vallegård, as they were "ufrelse" (not free, peasants) and thus noteligible to own freeman's property. However, this must have been successfully refuted, as Michel's sister Elsebeth and her husband Claus Hansen had obtained Vallegård by 1688, and lived there until their death's.

Berild Hansen, freeman (frimand), owned of Vallegård in Nyker, Bjergegård, 24 Vdg. in Åker, and (Lille) Haslegård in Østermarie parish. Probate after his death held on June 10, 1668 (source?). Given that Michel Berildsen evidently had inheritance rights to the family farm Vallegård, one can't help but conclude that Michel must have been younger than his brother Lars Berildsen.

Berild Hansen was brother-in-law (svoger) to Rasmus Andersen Bleking (1616-1673) who was born in Ronneby and later became the clergyman (præst) for Vestermarie parish. Does this mean that Berild's wife Margrethe, who we know is alive in 1654, is the sister of Rasmus? However, if Margrethe is the sister of Rasmus, then she can not be the mother to all of Berild Hansen's children, as they would have had to have been married circa 1620, at which time Rasmus would have been only about 4 years old. It seems to me that if Margrethe was from Ronneby, then how meet Berild Hansen of Bornholm? Obviously they must have been introduced by her brother Rasmus! Since Pastor Rasmus Andersen Bleking is known to have come to Bornholm in 1645, then he must have arranged the marriage of his sister to Berild Hansen sometime between 1645 and 1651. The timing of this can be inferred from the Åker parish register, which tells us that Berild Hansen and Margrethe had a son named Hans born in 1651, who died in 1654. Berild Hansen was the owner of Bjergegård, 24 Vdg. Åker, and as no burial record can be found for his wife Margrethe circa 1654-56 in the Åker-Åkirkeby parish register it would seem that he moved from Bjergegård circa 1655, possibly to the old family farm (Lille) Halsegård? So then, who is the mother of Berild Hansen's four children: Magdalene, Lars, Elsebeth, and Michel? This seems to be unknown, though possibly her name was Maren (Larsdatter? Michelsdatter? or Hansdatter?), as two of her children, Lars and Elsebeth, named a daughter Maren. - Norman LeeMadsen, August 6, 2004.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,Ontario, Canada, 12 Jun 2016.

Note (Kure gårdregister)
15. vgd. Vallegård Nyker
Berild Hansen havde tidligere været gift med Gertrud ovenfor. Han ejede også Lille Halsegård i Østermare samt 24. Vdg. Bjergegård i Aaker. Han gik imidlertid fallit som den sidste frimand på Bornholm. Han havde på et tidspunkt ejet seks gårde på Bornholm, men havde sat det hele over styr ved pantsætning og salg. Han måtte i 1664 afgive Lille Halsegård til sin svoger Rasmus Andersen Bleking, Præst i Vestermarie. Se (BS) I serie nr. 16, side 138,154,156. (AaK)
*
Prgd. Halsegård Østermarie
Berild Hansen blev den sidste ejer af en sædegård på Bornholm.
I 1664 måtte han på grund af pantsætning overlade Lille Halsegård og seks andre gårde til sin svoger præsten Rasmus Anders Bleking i Vestermarie. Den gang Bornholms rigeste mand. Det var dårlige tider med misvækst. Her i 1600-tallet måtte over 100 bornholmske gårde give op, og deres gårde blev inddraget under Kongen. Gården gik herefter i 1664 over til at blive en proprietærgård.

Berild blev gift med Første hustru cirka 1620. Første blev født cirka 1595; døde cirka 1647 i Prgd. Halsegård, Østermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Berild blev gift med Margrethe Andersdatter Bleking cirka 1647 i Bornholm. Margrethe (datter af Anders) blev født cirka 1620 i Rønneby, Blekinge; døde cirka 1656 i Prgd. Halsegård, Østermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Berild blev gift med Margrethe Christiansdatter Maccabæus den 13 jul. 1656 i Ibsker Kirke. Margrethe blev født cirka 1635 i Prgd. Skovsholm, Ibsker Sogn; døde i 1695 i 3. vgd. Tornegård, Povlsker Sogn; blev begravet den 24 apr. 1695. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Notater:

Side 748. 1798. 9. Marts.
Friderich Johansen Frost, Arnager.
Barbara Kirstine Hansdatter Kofod. Laugv: Jens Kofod, løjtnant, -
Sognenavn.
2 døt.
A: Johanne Kirstine ?, f. 1784.
B: Bergithe Friderichsdatter, f. 1788.
Værge: Farbror, Peder Johansen Frost, Arnager. Tilsynsv: Farfar,
Johan Friderichsen Frost, Arnager.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Margrethe Olufsdatter. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 12.2243 (Sommer)

Notater:

Note(kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

Mads Kofoed is thought to have been born sometime between 1580-90. He was the "Proprietær" of Vellensgård in Nyker and Eskesgård in Pedersker parish, both of which he got through marriage with Karen Jørgensdatter. Mads Kofoed purchased the rights to Eskesgård, and to Skadegård, 12' Vdg. Pedersker, on January 30, 1608 from his brother-in-law Esbern Kofoed. Vellensgård and Eskesgård are both classified as "friegårds", later called "proprietair" farms. Mads Kofoed's name is often mentioned during his long term in office as Chief Justice (Landsdommer) for Bornholm.

Mads Kofoed, named as a "Frimand", was one of the delegates who on May 6, 1608, in København, selected and confirmed Prince Christian as the future King of Denmark. He, along with four other Bornholmers, took part in the following festivities in Lund, Skåne (now part of Sverige/Sweden), where the nobility swore their allegiance to Prince Christian in the year 1610.

Their written authorization to attend reads as follows:
"We, the hereafter stated signatories: Jens Kofoedt of Kyndegaard, Hanns Kofoedt of Blykobbegaard, Peder Koefoedt of Bagisgaard, Matz Koefoedt of Eskiilsgaard, and Niels Beriildsen of Gadebygaard, all Freemen of Borringholm, and present here together hereby declare. . . The honest and noble man: Hanns Lindenow, Commander of Hammershus Fortress, has according to our consent, requested these two persons: the honourable Hans and Poffuill Koefoedt to travel to Kiöbenhaffn with our authorized document and be our representatives (at Prince Christian's election). . .as further documentation we have in our own handwriting signed and sealed this our open-letter."

The above letter is dated: "Borringholm, 6 Maij, Anno 1608" With the signatures of: Jenns Koefoedt, Hans Kofod, Peder Koefoedt, Matz Koefoedt, Jacob Køller, Hans Berillsenn, Niels Berendtzen. Mads Kofoed used his"sparre" (chevron) seal on the document.

From the Hammershus Regnskaber, 1580-1617:
Indtegt och wdgifft paa Hammershus Slott paa Bornholmb paa Kong. Maiitz. wegne fra Philippi dag Anno 1607 och till Philippi Jacobi dag Anno 1608.. . . Indtegt pending for driftt: . . . Opboridt aff Ridefogden Bertill Hansenn for itt driftte skiud Madtz Koefoed fich eftter wurderings breffs liudelse - 2 Dr.

The above entry translated to English:
Revenue and disbursements for Hammershus Castle on Bornholm on His Royal Majesty's behalf from May 1, 1607 until May 1, 1608. . . . Revenue from straying livestock: . . . Received from County Court Bailiff Bertel Hansen for a straying bullock Mads Kofoed obtained from the affidavit ofa letter of assesment - 2 Rigsdaler.

On February 5, 1629 he obtained the position of Chief Justice (Landsdommer) for Bornholm; along with the position he received the profits from the crown owned farm, Bjergegård, 9' Vdg. Vestermarie. On "Mortensdag" (November 11) 1637 he presented 50 silver Daler to Rønne Hospital in gratitude for their having nursed him back to health after he survived a storm at sea.

In 1629 King Christian IV had Mads Kofoed, as Chief Justice (Landsdommer) for Bornholm, swear his allegiance to the new Commander at Hammershus fortress: Holger Rosenkrans; in return he received, like other county judges before him, the rights to a number of farms "to enjoy and keep freely, as long as he is Chief Justice." These farms were: three (3) farms in Klemensker parish (one of them Duebjerggård); one (1) farm, Bjergegård, 9' Vdg. Vestermarie; one (1) farm in Rutsker parish; five (5) farms in Østermarie parish (one of them Lyrsbygård); and one (1) farm, Klintebygård, in Ibsker parish.

From the Hammershus Regnskaber, 1641-1651:
Borringholmb Slodtz. Regenschab paa Indtegt och vdgifft bereignidt fra den 31 Octob. 1645 thill Philipi Jacobi Dag Anno 1646. . . . Indtegt pendinge for aure som bønderne vdj Pederscher Sogen haffuer restered med til Madz Koefouget førige Landzdommer paa Borringholmb eftter Kong. Maytt. naadigst befalning hoes eftterschreffne: Rasmus Jørgensen – 4 Schppr.; Jenns Munck - 4 Schpr.; Niells Jennsen - 4 Schpr.; Suend Ibsen -4 Schppr.; Claus Madsen - 1 Td.; Jørgen Koefuoget leffuerred aff samme restantz - 5 Td. 3 Schpr.; Bereignit 5 Mk. for 1 Td. ehr for 9 Td. 4Schpr.

Paa Erlig och Velbiurdig Mand, Herr Jochum Gierstorff till Lundbyeholm, Ridder, Danmarchis Riges Raad, Stadtholder och Befalningsmannd offuer Borringholm, min gunstige herre, hans vegnne, er annamett som Erlig och Velbiurdigmand Her Ebbe Vldfeldt till Offuisholm, Ridder, och førrige Befalningsmannd her sammesteds haffuer ladet leffuere, her paa Hammershuus den 12 May 1651. Huilcket aff goedemannd, som eftter kongelig befalning, er hid for ventendes, videre kannd efttersees, en fortigelsse, den huis som paa Hammershuus fannttes, der den Suenske Commendant Joen Burdon det quitterede, den 31 October 1645 aff Velbiurdigemend Her Siguertt Vrnne till Raarup, Ridder, och Her Fleming Vlffeldt till Gundersløffholm, Ridder, vnderschreffuene, disligese en gammell invetariumbs register, till Velb. Holger Rossenkrandtz, da hand Slotted annamede, leffuered forseiglet och vnderschreffuenn aff Christen Clausen til Skouffsgaard, och Madtz Koufoed, daterit Hammershuus der 1-14 Augusti, 1625. Med sampt en deell Kongebreffue, som udi en boginquarto. Er noget om derres indhold korteligenn indførtt, och breffuenevdj convaluter sammen bundenn. Huilcken bog med offuer leffuerede inventariums register, aff Velb. Christen Errichsen och Hendrich Einden ower vnderschreffuen: . . . . Er udj Synderlighted en Jordebog offuerleffueritt aff Carl Mattissenn, førige Slodschriffuer, som hand selff haffuer vnderskreffuitt den 24 Jully 1646. Huilcken hannd bereter, sigverre leffuerit och vnderskreffuen aff Hans Jenssen tilfornne haffuer verret Velb. Holger Rossenkrandtzes Skriffuer, her paa Hammershuuss. Huor eftter hand sig och haffuer forholdet och rettedt. Datum Hammershuus vt Supra: Paa min Gunstige herris vegne Lauritz Vinter.

Nr. 6095 - København 15 Mai 1647. Dombog 47, Fol. 335R-336V:
Karen Jørgensdatter mod Landsdommer Hans Pedersen. Arv og skifte – arv (appel, myndighed, landsdommer; ejendom, gods, handel, arv) – Kongen fraværende; 11 fraværende fra rådet - 2. instans. Udfald: Domfældelse •ændring af dom v. Bornholms Landsting. Retsgrundlag: Skøder. Resume:Sagsøger tiltalte sagsøgte, fordi denne 9 September 1646 havde tildømt kronen halvdelen af tidligere Landsdommer Mads Kofoeds gods, da det blev anset for købegods.

From the Hammershus Ekstraskattemandtaller, 1646-1651:
Jordebog paa di Fri Mends Goedtz paa Boringholmb, som di schulle giffueaff huer tønde hart korn di besider en liv ørt; efter Hans Kongl. Maytts. breff, at schulle leffueris paa Hans Maytts. Rendte Cammer dend 1 December Ao. 1647. . . . Førige Landsdommers Jordegoedz: Hofuedtgaarden kaldis Wallingsg[aard] vdi Nyekier Sogen; som Karen sal. Madz Koefoedz paa boer er sat vdi sødschende schiftte for smør - 1 td. - En gaard ibid., som Rasmus Ibsen paa boer schylder aarlig: Smør - 1/2 td., Foernøed - 1. - En gaard ibid., som Jacob Jensen paa boer schylder aarligen: Smør - 4 pund, Lamb - 1, Gies - 1, Høns - 1, Faar - 1. -Tvende Vdhuus ibid. som Rasmus Lauridzen och Esber Jensen paa boer schylder aarlig: Smør - 3-1/2 pund. - En gaard i Pederschier Sogenn som Claus Sckøtte paa boer, schylder aarlig: Smør - 1 td. - 1 gaard ibid. som Jens Biørnsen paa boer, schylder aarlig: Smør 4 pund. – Summa beløbber forschrefne Landzdommers goedz: Smør - 3 td. 4-1/2 pund, Lamb -1, Gies - 1, Høns 2, Foernøed - 1. - Beløber vdi hartkorn - 39 td.5-1/2 scheppe, 1 fjerring. - Deraf gifuet penge - 9 Rdr. 3 Ort 1 Mk. 5Sk.

The above entry, translated to English, informs us that "the previous Chief Justice's country estate: the estate is called Vellensgård in Nyker Parish; where Mads Koefoed's widow Karen is living, which sits under aprobate involving relatives" The above mentioned farms are: 1) Frigård, 4' Vdg. Nyker; 2) Bakkegård, 14' Vdg. Nyker; 3) Skyttegård, 3' Vdg. Pedersker; and 4) Lillegård, 9' Vdg. Pedersker.

According the the 1651 Jordebog the deceased Mads Kofoed's estate held two (2) farms in Åker parish:
Sl. Madz Koufoedz Gaarde.
Lauridz Jiuell. Wdbygger: Niels Mogenssøn. (Lille Loftsgård, 25 Vdg.)
Hans Peiterssønn. Gadehuuss: Rassmus Anderssøn. (Hjulmagergård, 17 Vdg.)

A judge had to be well educated, and economically independent, in order to pass fair and unbiased judgement. In return the King offered him total support: contempt for the judge's office was nothing less than an insult against His Majesty, and could bring on the death penalty. Chief Justice Mads Kofoed performed his task cleverly and with care. Many of his cases went to the Highest Court in København, and most of them were upheld. He enjoyed the well-deserved honour of being described as: "Ourfellow, servant, and Chief Justice upon our land - Bornholm".

In "På spor af de første Kofod'er" we are told of a case that Mads Kofoed presided over, along with a 14 man jury: it seems that an Ingeborg, wife of Peder Møller, was sentenced to leave her home and country because of her "witchcraft". The case suggests that she must have been a most disagreeable woman, who caused great uproar in Pedersker parish.

When in 1636 Mads received yet another farm in Vestermarie - meant as arest-stop along the way to the Bornholm Council meetings - you cannot help but become a bit suspicious that maybe he was suffering from farm collecting mania!

The life of a Chief Justice was not always easy - during on of the many required sea-voyages to København he nearly drowned. Luckily, King Christian IV issued an open decree in 1638 to the effect that during winter-time no county judge could be summoned to attend High Court in København, with special note that on "the land of Bornholm" you could encounter dangerous sea-voyages! As a thank you gift for being rescued, he donated a bond worth 50 Rigsdaler to the Hospital for the Poor in Rønne, which returned an interest of 10 Mark per year, for "as long as the money stays in my name."

Sweden, along with their Dutch allies, began a war against Denmark in 1643. The Swedish Commander, Lennart Torstensson, crossed the Danish southern frontier in December of 1643 and quickly occupied Jylland peninsula, while Louis DeGeer's army, based in Stockholm, seized the province of Skåne. This two-pronged attack took the Danes by surprise, but the elderly King Christian IV managed to rise to the challenge. The 67 year old king was tireless in organizing his navy and in raising forces, and the next April the Danish fleet met and defeated the Dutch navy, which was preparing to carry Torstensson's troops from the peninsula to the islands of Fyn and Sjælland. The defeated Dutch sailed back to Holland, but in June a Swedish fleet of forty ships appeared in the western Baltic. King Christian engaged the enemy in a ten-hour long battle in which he lost an eye and was wounded in thirteen places. The Swedish fleet was forced to flee to Kiel where it combined with the Dutch to attack the Danes near the island of Lolland. In this battle the Danish, who were outnumbered by two to one, lost fifteen of their seventeen ships by sinking or capture, and King Christian was forced to sue for peace.

The Baltic island of Bornholm found out to its detriment the extent of the Swedes rule over the Baltic Sea at that time. The Swedish troops landed on the 9th of June 1645 just to the south of the Bornholm township of Svaneke; the town suffered 4 hours of plundering after its surrender to the Swedish Commandant Wrangel. Mads Kofoed, and the other elderly men in command, were unable to properly lead the Bornholmer troops. He was blamed for the surrender of Hammershus to the Swedes on the 17th of June; and as a result Mads Kofoed had the misfortune of being partly responsible for the total collapse of Bornholm's defenses and the Swedish General Wrangel's conquering of the entire island, even though at first Wrangel had only threatened to burn down all of Nexø as a personal revenge against a couple of skipper's from Nexø who had stolen one of his ships!

In the resulting peace treaty negotiated in Brömsebro in August of 1645 obliged Denmark to surrender Jämtland and Härjedal, Gotland and the island of Ösel. It was agreed that the captured island of Bornholm was to be returned to Danish rule. As a guarantee for the exemption of Swedish shippinf from Danish shipping tolls, Sweden took possession of the province of Halland for a period of thirty years - however it was never returned.

The officers in the Bornholm militia who were judged to have betrayed their country were sentenced to death, but the king benevolently conveyed the sentence to one of exile. Mads Kofoed, and his brothers Peder and Jacob, were judged traitors and banished. The exact place and circumstances of Mads Kofoed's death are not known, only that he died while abroad (udlandet) in 1646; possibly he fled into exile along side Peder Kofoed, and like him, died in Lübeck.

A High Court case (Dombog 48, page 835R-838R) of July 5, 1649 involving Ebbe Ulfeldt, a nobleman from Ovesholm in Träne parish, Kristianstad county, against the deceased "Mads Kofoeds arvinger" (Mads Kofoed's heirs) regarding a case from July 21, 1641, because "Mads Kofoed havde henvist en sag om en kvindes død til endelig afgørelse ved herredstinget og derved underkendt en nævningekendelse, der fandt Hans Lauridsen skyldig i kvindens død" (Mads Kofoed had requested the matter of a woman's death to be the final decision of the District Court, and thereby overruled a jury verdict which had found a Hans Lauridsen guilty of the woman's death).

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Mads Kofoed:blev udnævnt til landsdommer 5. febr. 1629. Han havde ejet Vællensgård i Nyker og Eskesgård, som hans kone Karen Jørgensdatter havde arvet, samt flere andre gårde. Han var også officer. I 1645, hvor general Wrangel var gået i land i Nexø, og på grund af hans og også hans 2 brødre vandærende indsats, blev alle 3 brødre landsforvist sammen med flere andre officerer. Alle 3 brødre døde inden de blev benådet. De 2 brødre var borgmester Peder Hansen Kofoed, Rønne, som bl.a havde en søn, den senere Jens Kofoed kendt fra opstanden 1658, den 3. bror var Jacob Kofoed fra Kyndegård i Nyker, alle 3 tilhørte Rønnelinien af Kofoedslægten. Fra Klindts bog ved vi, at Mads Kofoed som landsdommer blev aflønnet med 11 gårde. Men da han blev landsforvist i 1646 blev dommerhvervet frataget ham og dermed også de 11 gårde som hans aflønning gik tilbage til kronen. Se Borringholmernes historiebog I side 234

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Karen Jørgensdatter. Karen (datter af Jørgen Pedersen) blev født cirka 1585 i Prgd. Vellensgård, Nyker Sogn; døde den 20 sep. 1650 i Prgd. Vellensgård, Nyker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Notater:

Note (Norman Lee Madsen)
Claus Kofoed had held Almegård, 26 Slg. Knudsker, and Vallegård, 15Vdg. Nyker (a "frivornedegård"), and also Ladegård, 50 Slg. Klemenskerparish. According to Jørn Klindt in "På spor de første Kofod'er" hisson, Jens Kofoed, inherited Almegård - however, he died not long afterhis father.

Claus Kofoed and Giertrud had at least five children: Jens, died 1657;Kirsten, married to Rasmus Andersen Bleking; Hans, died young; Oluf, diedyoung; Karen, died young.

From Bornholm's Landstingbog 1671-1683:
December 14, 1681, page 264a: Dom. Efttersom af processen er fares, atHans Koefod Olsen haffr inden Nøreherritz ting, dennd 16 Aprili 1675 forretten er bødet, at ville betalle Lauridz Mickelsen, hans rette krauf medrede penge, naar hand fremlegges pantebreffuet og høyeste rettes dom, doghaffuer Lauridz Mickelsen. Huerchen till Hiem eller Landz ting eftterkommed, ej heller nogen tid fremlagt pantebreffuet, siden høyeste rettesdom. Imellem dennem dennd 17 July 1673 er ganget, mens Hans Koefodhaffuer indløst høyeste rettes dom, og den for mig udi Landztings rettenproducerit. Huor udi findes, at for høyeste ret er bleffuen udi rettelagt forhen pantebreff, som Giertrud Claus Koefoedz haffuer udgiffuettill Lauridz Michelsen. Liudende paa it Hundrede og forge TiuffueSlettedr., for huilchen summa hannem er forsichred, og pandtsatLadegaarden udi Clemmidskersogen for haffued summen, og ald eftterstaaendes rentte. Eftter pantebreffued dateret Clemmidskersogen, dennd16 Juny 1665. End og haffuer forhen Hans Koefod, til Landzting sig erbødet, at naar bemelte pantebreff fremkommer, hand høyeste rettes dom,vill fyllest giøre, ogsaa lenge formeener at vere fri for LauridzMichelsens tiltalle. Huilcken Hans Koefoedz meening eller begiering,iche kand bifaldes. Thi om end skiønt pantebreffued ej kand vere tillstede. Saa for medelst at høyeste rettes dom indholder, at sammepantebreff der for høyeste ret haffuer verret udi rette, og høyesterettes dombs slutning formelder, at imod det Hans Koefoed er till kiendtberørte gaard till eyendom at beholde, bør hand panthaffueren LauridzMichelsen eftter pantebreffuer liudelse skadesløs at fornøye og HansKoefod iche noget der paa haffuer betalt. Mens pengene endnu udi forhengaard bestaar. Huor fore ieg iche, retter kund uid denne sag kiende.Endsom Hans Koefod skal betalle till Lauridz Mickelsen bemelte capital ogder aff for faldene rentte, indtil dennd 17 Juli 1673 høyeste rettes domer bleffuen affsagde siden den tid. Kand ej til finde Hans Koefod nogenrentte at udgiffue, fordi at Lauridz Mickelsen selff haffuer for aarsagetat pengene tilforn iche er vorden erlagt udi det at hand ej haffuerpandte breffued fremskattet, eftter paa eskning. Da for videre trette atfore komme, skal Lauridz Michelsen udi rentten docourtere og got giøreHans Koefod, dennd førrige billige bekostning, som høyeste rettes domhannem til holder. Og dersom Hans Koefod iche hør sammelig eftter kommerhøyeste bemelte høyeste rettes dom. Strax uden nogen ophold contenterer,till Lauridz Mickelsen hoffuedstoel og alt hues som resterer, paa rentenat hand kand vere skadesløs. Da haffuer Lauridz Michelsen ved lougligmed fart, at søge sin behahlning udi panted ved indførsel, som C4 Recess15 Capital, udviser, i det offrige skal Hans Koefod erstatte til LauridzMichelsen billig paa denne processis indvendte bekostning og om saaskeer, at Lauridz Michelsen iche kunde pantebreffued tilstede bring. Danaar hand til børlig erlenger sin betahlning og bliffuer for nøyet eftterhøyeste rettes dom, saa skal pantebreffued, vere død og magtesløs. Huordet findes, og aldrig komme Hans Koefod eller hans hustru, børn, ogarffuinger, til hinder eller skade udi nogen maader. Dette till endeligpaa kiendelse udi denne indsteffnte sag. Detz till vindesbiurd.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,Ontario, Canada, 12 Jun 2016.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 11.1707 (Garde)

Notater:

Note (Norman Lee Madsen)
Oluf Kofoed owned the freeman's estate-farm of Blykobbegård in Nykerparish from 1616, and also Frigård, 15 Vdg. in Vestermarie parish. Louise Skovgaard wrote "Af Oluf Koefoeds efterslægt" (Of Oluf Koefoed's Descendants).

Blykobbegård is classified as a "friegård", later called a "proprietair" farm, the highest of the three classes of farms: Proprietair (Propr.), Selvejergård (Slg.) and Vornedegård (Vdg.). The surname "Blykop" is connected to this farm.

From Bornholm's Jordebog of 1662:
Sønder Herridt, Pollschier Sogn, Vaarneder: Peder Rasmussen - OlleKoefoeds bunde. (5 Vdg.)
Sønder Herridt, Pollschier Sogn, Vaarneder: Anders Hansen, Olle Koefoedsbunde. (4 Vdg.)
Sønder Herridt, Pollschier Sogn, Vaarneder: Arist Hansen, Olle Koefoedsbunde. (8 Vdg.)
Vester Herridt, Vestermarck Sogn, Vaarneder: Laurids Madsen - OeleKoefods bunde. (15 Vdg.)
Vester Herridt, Nykier Sogen, Vaarneder: Peder Mortensen - Oele Kofoedsbunde. (10 Vdg.)

According to Evdard Skovgaard, in "1000 Aner til en Skovgårdsslægt", it is likely that Sidsel died circa 1670. This seems to be based on thefact that the youngest surviving son, Hans Olufsen Kofoed, sold Blykobbegård in January of 1671 to Ernst Canseler.

Kure's farm-listing for Blykobbegård gives Oluf Kofoed's wife's name as Sidsel Hansdatter; while the listing for Frigård names her as Sidsel Madsdatter and gives her death as 1670.

The November 3, 1700 probate for Niels Terchildsen, who was first married to Oluf Kofoed's daughter Kirstine Olufsdatter Kofoed (died 1683) mentions an item with the initials: O.K. - S.M.D.; it seems likely that this would be for Niels Terchildsen's deceased in-laws: Oluf Kofoed - Sidsel MadsDatter.

From the Åker-Åkirkeby kirkebog:
August 24, 1690: Liig, Nr. 2, 24 Aug. Mats Kofods qvinde Gertrud afBacchegaar.

November 27, 1701: Liig, Nr. 4, 27 Nov. Matz Kofod Olssøn gl. 78 aar.

Mention of sons Hans and Mads Kofoed Olufsen in the probate for Elsebeth Olufsdatter, April 25, 1753, pages 183b-186b:
Anno 1753re dend 25de April. . . skifte og deeling it holde efter Sr. Povel Koefoeds ved døden afgangne hustru navnlig Elsebeth Olsdaatter som boede og døde paa Blykoppegaarden i Nyeker Sogn. . . paa denne gaard Blykoppegaarden kaldet de vilde fremvise der paa blev fremvist et kiøbebrev udgivet af Hans Koefoed Olsen paa Engne og broder Mads Kofoed Olsens vegne med videre til Erns Cansler fordum Capitain Lieutnant her paa Bornhollm. Hvorren de selger og fra skiøde til bemelte Cansler Blyekoppegaarden med dends til liggende ejendomb og herlighed med videre berørte brev indholdt som er datered 11de January og 1te February 1671. .. .

The seal (segl) of Oluf Kofoed's son Hans Kofoed Olufsen (died 1694), of Blykobbegård in Nyker parish, combines both the chevron (sparre) image of the Rønne-branch of the Kofoed-family with the Bjergegaard-family's pike's jawbone (geddekæft) image. In his article "Over Hals og hoved" Sigvard Mahler Dam speculates that Hans Kofoed Olufsen's mother may have been a member of the Bjergegaard-family; and that in that period the daughter's of Jørgen Pedersen (died 1588) are the most probable candidates. Of Jørgen Pedersen's 3 daughters only one is a likely candidate: Elline Jørgensdatter, who is known to have been married to Esbern Kofoed, of Poulsker parish, in 1608 and 1618. Elline received 3 farms from her father's estate: Frigård, 12 Vdg. Poulsker parish; Tuegård i Egeby, 6 Vdg. Åker parish; and Mæbygård, 1 Vdg. Nykerparish. Sigvard notes that in Bornholm's Land-Tenancy Book for the period 1622-1625 there were 2 farms in Poulsker and 1 in Åker (possibly Julegård, 14 Vdg.?) held by an Oluf Kofoed. Sigvard speculates that Esbern Kofoed had died 1618-1622, and Oluf Kofoed had married his widow, namely Elline Jørgensdatter.

From "På spor af de første Kofod'er" by Jørn Klindt, published 1979:
On the 31st of May 1563 the war started up with a terrible sea battle off the Rønne shoreline. Later that same year the Danish-Lübeck fleet, under the command of Peder Skram, patrolled the sea between Bornholm and Øland- wherein, as was the custom, they went ashore and requesitioning heavy taxes. Amid all the skirmishes a small Bornholm fishing boat was trapped by the Swedes of Øland. The Swedish Admiral, Jacob Bagge, had also been taken prisoner by the Lübeck commander of Hammershus, Sweder Ketting; whourged his prisoner to write a letter to his superior officer at Kalmar Castle to suggest an exhange of the four Bornholmer fishermen with four Swedish prisoners on Bornholm. In another letter sent at the same time to the Swedish king, he writes: "We are treated well - but for God's sake give the Danish prisoners humane treatment - some are of the nobility and respected men." We find that one of the Bornholm fishermen (the ship's captain?) was named "Æsbiörnn Kofoth" (Esbern Kofod).

The war was full of cruelties on all sides, from the Bornholm shore witnesses viewed the Swedes tie up their Lübeck prisoners on thier own ship and then set it on fire. Prisoners of war were slit open and thrown over board, and the Lübeck commander Sweder Ketting was horrified to find their remnants washed ashore the next day, writing: "God Almighty help us that we should not alow such horrible transgressions go unpunished." The Danish admiral, Herluf Trolle, was also shocked by the terrible cruelty committed by the Swedes against their prisoners, and together with Jacob Bagge formulated a request to the Swedish king: "Your Royal Majesty's navy has subjected its prisoners to a most cruel, inhumane treatment unheard of in any warring nation. Your Royal Majesty must know that Godwill surely render His punishment." However, the Swedish king was going insane at that time, so we do not know if the request was heeded.

The cruelties of the war caused an uproar throughout Europe - especially since Lübeck, a free-city in the Hoy Roman Empire, was involved. It is not known if the request did any good; it is doubtful that the exchange of prisoners ever took place, nor is it known if "Æsbiörnn Kofoth" ever returned home. Although the researcher M.K. Zarthmann thought that he must be identical to the Esbern Kofod who was a customs officer and later mayor of Rønne until 1623. I have not been able to find any other justification for this hypothes is than the fact that they were both seamen; if Esbern, for example, was 20 years old when taken prisoner in 1563, he would still have been in the office of mayor at age 80 - which seems unlikely. Age-wise a more probable connection is that of the Esbern Kofod, who in 1569 lived at "Kofodgaard" (later known as Frigård, 15 Vdg.) in Vestermarie parish - we do not know anything about him, butat least we can allow ourselves the fantasy that he just could be "Æsbiörnn Kofoth", who survived cruel imprisonment and later on abandoned his life at sea to settle on a farm.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,Ontario, Canada, 12 Jun 2016.

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Ukendt. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Elline Jørgensdatter. Elline (datter af Jørgen Pedersen) blev født cirka 1575 i Prgd. Vellensgård, Nyker Sogn; døde cirka 1620 i 13. vgd. Frigårdby, Povlsker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Familie/Ægtefælle/Partner: Sidsel Madsdatter. Sidsel blev født i 1598; døde i 1670 i 15. vgd. Frigård, Vestermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 11.1685 (Garde)

Peder blev gift med Elisabeth Madsdatter Ravn den 17 jan. 1619. Elisabeth (datter af Mads Madsen Ravn og xxx Michelsdatter Hartwig) blev født cirka 1605 i Rønne; døde i sep. 1685 i Bornholm. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Notater:

Occupation: Land-owner (Proprietær)

Karine blev gift med Mads Pedersen Kofoed cirka 1620. Mads (søn af Peder Poulsen Kofoed og Inger Pedersdatter) blev født cirka 1600 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; døde i 1646 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: KG2

Karine blev gift med Mads Pedersen Kofoed cirka 1620 i Bornholm. Mads (søn af Peder Poulsen Kofoed og Inger Pedersdatter) blev født cirka 1600 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; døde i 1646 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]