| Notater |
- Note(kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)
In 1572 a meeting was held by Bornholm's Parliament (Landsting) to establish who had the right to the status of "Frimand" (Freeman) on Bornholm. Of course, that meeting had a broader purpose: a war in which Lübeck and Denmark had fought side-by-side had ended two years previously, and there was another three years before the Lübeck 50 year claim to Bornholm was to expire; although Lübeck claimed that it had been given a further 50 years. In this predicament it was wise for the King to establish locally situated allies; and Bornholm's influential freemen, who normally would have been snubbed by the King and the true nobility, were now in a position to receive benevolent treatment from the Danish government.
At the "Frimandsmødet" held on September 6, 1572 there were 17 men named as being in attendance:
1. Jacob Iversen, Landsdommer; 2. Mester Peder W(= Peder [Mogensen] Uf); the brothers 3. Peder Hansen; and 4. Bent Hansen; 5. Jørgen Pedersen; 6. Peder (Madsen) Kofoed; 7. Oluf Madsen; 8. Oluf Bagge; 9. Hans Mogensen, as he was away at the king's court he was represented by his father Mogens Hansen; 10. Peder (Hansen) Myre; 11. Jørgen Gagge; 12. Berent Hansen (= Berild Hansen); 13. Laurids Pedersen; 14. Jens (Madsen) Kofoed; 15. Christen (Clausen) Kiøller; 16. Peder Hansen (Uf); and 17. Hans (Madsen) Kofoed. Three advisers to the Danish Parliment (Rigsråder) had been sent to preside over the meeting, namely: Biørn Kaas of Starupgaard, Biørn Andersen of Stenholt, and Jørgen Marsvin of Dybæk. The group expressed heartfelt and solemn words about faithful service to the crown; and it seems they had an inkling of things to come, and therefore begged the King not to let himself be "seduced" by Lübeck's representative Sveder Ketting, "because you might expect that Lübeck only plotted to keep our island under their yoke." This was during the period in which Bornholm was strongly under the influence (and rulership) of the Hanseatic League free-city of Lübeck; the Bornholmers felt greatly put upon by the high taxes, unfair rules, and high-handedness of the Lübeckers. Contrary to the opinion of latter historians they must have convinced the envoys, as on the 9th of September the freemen were granted the right to gather shipwrecks from the beaches, hunt in the woods, as well as given full authority over their servants - a great victory for the freemen.
In his youth Jørgen Gagge is known to have travelled to Germany. He joined the Danish Navy, in which service he stayed until 1589. After his return home he married the highly esteemed, and wealthy, Chief Justice Peder Hansen Uf's daughter Margrethe. At a farm of his in Hasle, on August 9, 1592, he played host to a German diplomat from Saxony, Hr. von Schwerin, who was on his way to Stockholm; who, after many days at sea, preferred to travel by road across Bornholm, before once again setting sail to Skåne.
While residing at Store Almegård the couple donated an artistically exquisite alter-wall tablet to St. Knud's Church in 1596; the tablet is preserved in the Danish National Museum in København. Jørgen Gagge inherited the family-estate of Store Almegård from his parents; he also managed the estate-farm Simlegård, a "proprietairgård" in Klemensker, after his father-in-law's death. In 1601 he had a church-bell cast for Klemensker Church. Through his wife he also became the owner of the freeman's estate-farm Store Myregård (10' Slg. & 2' Vdg.) and Sortegård (3' Slg.), both in Åker parish.
From "Aktstykker til Bornholm Historie" by Hübertz, nr. 249:
1572 6. September Åkirkeby. Om frimændene på Bornholm.
Vi efterskrevne Biørn Kaas til Starupgaard, Biørn Andersen til Stenholt, Jørgen Marsvin til Dybek kiendes och hermed for alle vitterliggjør, at Aar efter Guds byrd 1572 den 6te Dag Septembris, det første vi kom paa Landet Boringholm, da lode vi bestille Landsting, og paa Landstinget gave Kongl. Maysts. befaling og vor bestilling tilkiende, og da vi alting der bestillet havde, toge vi alle de fri Mænd, der vare, ind i Kirken, og der forelagde vi dennem en Dag, de sig [sagde] fri [at være] og frelse at have, at de skulle møde om Løverdagen derefter med deres Brev og Seigl, huormed de kunde bevise sig fri at være. Dets imidlertid talede vi med Svend Ketting, og gav hannem tilkiende, at Kongl. Majst. var kommen udi Forfaring, at der skulle være mange paa Boringholm, som gav sig ud [for] fri at være, som dog ikke findes skulle, og dermed skede Kongl. Majst. forkort, paa hans Majsts. Kongskat og andet, huorfore vi og begierede af forskrevne Sven Ketting, at han ville hos være samme Dag, som vi forskrevne Frimænd, paa Kongl. Majsts. wegne, for os beskeede og havde, hvor han og til det første lovede. Men om morgenen, som Adelen var beskeet at komme tilstede, og forskrevne Sven Ketting havde sagt at ville derhos udi slig handel være tilstede, og forskrevne Sven Ketting haver dasendt os bud med sin tiener Jens Knap, som nu er Landstingsskriver, athan begierer at drage til Slottet, og der opsøge nogle fine breve, og derhos lod berette, at han udi ingen Maader vidste sig noget at have med samme Adels-mænd at giøre, men at den beskeed, derom var, havde han længesiden berettet Mester David udi Lund, og han havde den handel alt sammen opskreven.
Saa er for os kommen, den forskrevne 6. September; disse efterskrevne fri og frelse Mænd, nemlig: Jacob Jversen Landsdommer, Mester Peder W, Peder Hanssen og Bent Hanssen, Brødre, Jørgen Pedersen, Peder Koefoed, Oluf Madssen, Oluf Bagge, Mogens Hanssen på hans Søns Hans Mogenssens Vegne, som tiener til Hove, Peder Myre, Jørgen Bagge [sic, s.b. Gagge], Berent Hanssen, Laurids Pedersen, Jens Koefoed, Christen Kiøller, Peder Hanssen, Hans Koefoed. Hvilke vi da efter Kongl. Maists. befaling haver alvorligen tiltalet, hvortil de have svaret, at de haver dennem ingen frihed ydermere tilholdet, end som de af fader og forældre arvet haver, og haver de dennem ingen ydermere Rettighed tilholdet, end deres Fader og Forældre havde før dennem, og berettede, at de Lybsker tilforn havde Sal. Og Høilovlig Koning Christiern og sligt foregivet, saadan deres Adels Frihed og Rettighed at vilde forvende, da haver Høistbemeldte Kongl. Maist. dennem privilegeret, eftersom Adelen i Danmark havde deres Gods, og vidste dennom udi ingen maade at have forbrudt, men udi denne feide ladet dennem finde at bruge til Skibs, komme selv udi egen Person, og somme giort Folk ud, og enhver ladet sig finde villig efter sin formue, og dermed tilhjelpe at forsvare deres eget Land, saa Gud skee lov at fienderne dennem ingen Skade eller Afbreck giort haver, og dersom der var nogen, der vidste dennem at beskylde, at de ikke var fri og frelse Mænd, da begierede de, at de maatte komme tilstede, da vilde de holde dem food, og derhos begierer af Kongl. Maist. paa det allerunderdanigste, at de maatte beholde den Frihed, som deres Forældre før dennem haft haver, de vilde med Gods og Blod, og hvis de formaaede være Kongl. Majst. Tro tienere, efter deres ringe Formue, ligesom de tildes været haver og pligtig kiendes, og forsee sig også til Kong. Majst., som til deres rette Herre og Konge, hvilken der altid havde fremdraget forige Adel, at Hans Kongl. Majst. udi ingen Maader ville lade sig over dennem forføre af Sven Ketting eller nogen anden; thi de kunde vel tænke, at de Lybsker og deres Befalingsmænd stod efter, at de kunde og bringe dennem under deres Trældom, som de ellers giort haver ved Landet. Det skulle Gud allermægtigste belønne Hans Kongl. Majst., hvilket de altid troligen vil ønske. At saaledes er passeret, det vidner vi med vores Zigneter her undertrykte. Datum Boringholm ut supra 1572 den 6. September.
(The above Langebek transcription is held in the Diplomatarium in the Geheime Archive together with another copy - the original had 3 seals attached to the bottom.)
From the "Urkunden zur Geschichte der Insel Bornholm 1327-1621: 1566 -1621", by Jens Rasmussen Hübertz, Volume 2, page 532:
Nr. 377. 1598 3 Juli. Peder Koefod skal have sit Gods frit. Chr. IV etc. Peder Koefoed har ladet andrage, at han havde ægtet en fri Quinde, og med hende faaet noget Jordegods, og efter hendes Død arvet samme med hans Børn, og siden efter deres Død arvet disse; men hans Hustrues Broder, som er en Riddermands Mand, har gjort Fordring paa samme Gods. Da der imidlertid er giort dem en Contract imellem, at han maa beholde bemeldte Gods, om Kongen vil unde ham det, saa bevilges ham dette "och hand och hands Arffuinger dett saa friit att beholde, som andre derpaa Landet der frie Folch ere", etc. (Langeb. og en anden Affkr. i Diplom. i Geh. Arch. Conf. Skaanske Reg. Nr. 3 fol. 70. a.)
The above mentioned "Hustrues Broder" must be Jørgen Gagge, and thus is described in 1598 as being a "Riddermands Mand" [in modern Danish a "væbner" (squire, a nobleman who has not received a knighthood).
The following is from "De bornholmske væbnerslægter Uf og Splid noget nyt om deres våbener", by Sigvard Mahler Dam, Heraldisk Tidsskrift, 1982:
In Laurids de Thurah's "Omstændelig og tilforladelig Beskrivelse over Bornholm og Christiansøe" from 1756, on page 70 - he was a Bornholm official, can be found the following: "In the church of this parish (Saint Knud's Church i Knudsker parish) the altar-tablet has been preserved in excellent condition and on it is engraved:
"Anno 1596, da gav Jörgen Gagge og hans Hustrue Mette Peder Hansdatter denne Tavle til St. Knuds Kirke. Begge Givernes Vaabener staaer der ved udhugne."
Translated to english:
"The year 1596, Jörgen Gagge and his wife Mette Peder Hansen's daughter donated this tablet to St. Knud's Church. Both donor's arms have been engraved into the tablet."
This led me to believe I hopefully would find some coloured arms. Jørgen Gagge's wife being a member of the Sparre-Uf family.
The name of Jørgen Gagges wife was really Margrethe and she was the daughter of Peder Hansen (Uf). She and her sister(?) Merete (married in 1606 to Hans Grabow, owner of Simlegård from 1609 through 1625, of Pederstrup (on Lolland)) were the two last members of the Sparre-Uf's. Note that the year the altar-tablet was given to the church: 1596, is the year Peder Hansen (Uf) died.
Peder Hansen (Uf)'s arms seem to have brought some confusion for researchers, because it appears that Jørgen Gagge and his wife Margrethe put up yet another memorial to honour Peder Hansen (Uf) and Mette Hansdatter. In 1601 they had cast a new large church-bell (which later disappeared) for Klemensker Church. Thurah quotes that the engraving reads:
"Anno 1601 Lod Claus Kames denne Klokke støbe til St. Clemmens Kirke paa Bornholm, efter Velbyrdige Hr. Jörgen Gages og Hr. Lars Nielsens i den Tiid Sogne-Herres Befalning, af Rheinholt Benning i Lübeck".
(Translated to English:)
"In 1601 Claus Kames cast this bell for St. Clemen's Church of Bornholm after the request of the Well-Born Mr. Jörgen Gage and Mr. Lars Nielsen.. .)
Jørgen Gagge (the younger) is of the Bornholm-branch of that family; Gagge III in "Danske Adelsvåbener". In the year-book from 1893 you find their family-tree, but it's wrong in several instances. At the time this is written, I just now found the following in P.N. Skovgaard's "Beskrivelse over Bornholm", København, 1804, page 315:
"Paa Altertavlen læses: 'Ao. 1596 da gaf Jörgen Gage oc hans hustru Merete Peder Hans datter denne altertafle til st. Knudskirke, vort haab til Gud alene'. Derved ere begge Giveres Vaabner udhgne." (Gagges Vaaben er et Gavlspænde, et halvt Kaggehjul o.s.v. Hendes Vaaben: et Gavlsspænde omvendt, i rødprikket Feldt.)
Translated to english:
"On the altar-tablet you'll read: "In 1596 Jørgen Gagge and his wife Merete Peder Hansen's daughter gave this altar-tablet to St. Knud's Church, our Hope in God only." Both of their arms are carved into the tablet." (Gagge's arms shows a chevron and a half millwheel. Her arms: an upside down chevron, on a red-dotted background.)
If the red-dotted background is on both of their emblems is difficult toascertain.
Note: The fact that Margrethe is referred to as "Merete Peder Hansdatter" on the tablet commemorating her father's death in 1596, and that 1606 - the year that "Merete" married Hans Grabow - is the same year as the death of Jørgen Gagge leads me to believe that Margrethe and Merete are in fact be the same person, and not sisters. Furthermore, Sigvard Mahler Dam states that Merete Pedersdatter had 4 children, all of whom died before her, and thus all her property went to her husband and step-son! I find it interesting that Jørgen Gagge and Margrethe had 4 sons: Claus, Peder, Hans and Sivert! - Norman Lee Madsen, September 1,2003.
Mention of a document dated November 15, 1654 extracted from the probate for Hans Olufsen Kofoed, November 16, 1694, page 18:
Anno 1694 dend 16 November, med paa folgende dato er efter loulig giorde tillysning inden Herritsting, og Langsting, holden registering, og vurdering, sampt schifte, og deeling efter Erlig, og Mandhaste nu sal. Corporal Hans Koefoed Ollufsen som boede, og døde paa dend 50 Jordejendomgaard kaldis Ladegaarden beliggende udi Clemmedsker Sogn. . . Én forfetning som sal. Zigvart Gagge til Myrregaard, Mads Koefoed Madsen til Eskesgaard, Suend Ollsen paa Baggegaard, Berrild Hansen paa Bieregaarden hafuer giort, og paa Hart Korn bereg med, og sat berørte 15 Worned og dens landgielde, som er skeed den 8 November 1654, som er af følgende indhold. Wi efterskrivene Zigvart Gagge til Myrregaard uid Aachier Sogn, Mads Koefoed Madsen til Eskisgaarden i Pederskier Sogn, Suend Oelsen paa Baggegaarden i Clemmedskier Sogn, og Berreld Hansen paa Bieregaarden udi Aaekier Sogn, kiendes, og giør vitterligt, at efter som vi erre opmelt indnu Vester Herrits Ting, at ville vurdering taxsere en vornedegaard udi formelte Herrit som sal. Olluf Koefoed til Blyekobbegaard i Nøcher Sogn til førde og Laurids Lassen udi boede. . . .
This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Anebasen — Ole Thyge Plannthin
ca. 1552 - 1606 (54 år)
