Hans Madsen Kofoed

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Skifte: 23 jan. 1704, 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn

Notater:

Kure(23. sgd. Kofodsgård, Østermarie)
Han var sandemand i Østerlars og Østermarie fra ca 1695-1704. Kaptajn, deltog i mødet med Frederik d. 3. da Bornholm igen blev afleveret til kongen. Køber nabogaarden 22 Slg. Sjælegard i 1682. Gifter sig for 2. gang i 1694 med Karen Hermansdatter Bohn. Hans far havde store økonomiske problemer, men takket være egen dygtighed og store medgifter fra sine 2 hustruer, endte han som en velhavende mand på sin fædrendegård, 23. Slg. i Østermarie. Der er skifte efter Karen Clausdatter Kjøller den 22.01.1694, og der er skifte efter Hans den 23.01.1704. (AaK) fra Sandemandsbogen.
Karen Hermansdatter Bohn var først gift med Mads Wolfsen i Svaneke. (AaK) fra sandemandsbogen.

Note(kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

Hans Kofoed Madsen held the rank of Captain for the East District (Øster Herred) company, and the esteemed position of Reeve (Sandemand), also with the East District. He became a very wealthy man through his ownhard work, plus what his wife brought into the marriage with her. Karen Clausdatter Kjøller's probate hearing was held on January 22, 1694. For his second wife Karen Hermansdatter Bohn probate was held on February 15, 1702, no children in their marriage.

From Bornholm's Jordebog of 1658, compiled during the Swedish occupation of the island:
Öster Häradt, Östermarck Sochn, Skattehemman, Nr. 23: Hans Koofodt (Forpantet till Rasmus Hillekrands arfvinger i Kiöpenhampn). . . 19 Daler, 12 Öre, 4 Penningar.

From the Hammershus Ekstraskattemandtaller, 1651-1659:
Richtig forteignelse, paa huis til mig er ytt och leffuerit, aff Øster och Nørre Herridtz resstantz, som resterit och forfalden var udj de Suensches regerings tid som var før Anno 1658. . . . Østermarcher Sogen:. . . Den 23. Hans Kofod, penge - 2 Mk.

From Bornholm's Jordebog of 1662:
Øster Haridt, Østermarch Sogn, Bunde, Nr. 23: Mougns Christensen (Udlagt till Karen Hr. Rasmus Hellekrandis i Kiøbenhafn).

Evidently Hans Madsen Kofoed alternated paying taxes on Koefoedgård, 23' Slg. Østermarie, with his step-mother Karine Hansdatter's second husband Mogens Christensen.

From Bornholm's Militia register of 1678:
Borringholm Østerherridt Anno 1678 den 3de April. Richtig rulla och mandtall ofuer Øster Herridtz mænd och bønder, som døchtige er till att berre gevhr, med ditz Officerer, nemblig: Captain Hans Koefoed Madzøn, Leutenant Mons Ibsønn, Fenrich Rasmus Køller, Munsterschriver Hans Zanderssøn, Captein de Armes Peder Hansøn, Sargiant Monns Køller, Sargiant Hans Pederssøn, Corporal Henrich Møller, Corporal Niels Hansøn, Corporal Isser Hanssøn, Corporal Lodvig Laursøn, Tambur Anders Rasmussøn, Tambur Peder Hansøn, Felt Piber Jens Filpessøn.

From Bornholm's Jordebog of 1689:
Øster herridt, Østermarie Sogen, Bunde, Nr. 23: Hans Koefod.
Øster herridt, Ibscher Sogn, Bunde, Nr. 9: Karen sal. Dauid Woelsens.

From Bornholm's Jordebog of 1691:
Øster Herridt, Øster Marie Sogen, Nr. 23: Hans Koefoed, er SelfEjergaard.

From the Østermarie kirkebog:
May 19, 1693: Karen Hans Kofods begraved, 57 aar gl.

Extracted from the probate record for Karen Clausdatter Kjøller, January 22, 1694, page 203:
Anno 1694 den 22 Janvary, er berammet at holde endelig, schifte, og deehling, efter Erlig, og Mandhaste Capitain Hans Koefoed Madsens sal. hustru Karne Clausdaatter, som boede, og ved døde afgich paa Koefoedsgaard, beliggende udi Østermark Sogn. Imellen den sal. Matrones efterlatte hosbonde Capitain Hans Koefoed paa eene side, og paa anden side deris sammen auflede børn, som er 4 sønner, og 3 døttre. Som er, dend eldste søn Mads Koefoed paa Almegaard i Knudsker Sogn. Dend anden søn Fenrich Claus Koefoed paa Maglegaard i Østermaria Sogn. Dend tredje søn Pouel Koefoed ibidm, alle egen værge. Dend yngste søn Jørgen Koefoed paa 17 aar gammel, for hannem verger faderen. Dend eldste daatter Karne Koefoedsdaatter, i egteskab med Matthias Carlsen i Nexøe. Dend anden daatter Hanna Koefoedsdaatter i egteskab med Capit. Hans Koefoed paa Eskisgaard i Persker Sogn. Dend yngste daatter Kirstene Koefoedsdaatter, som og faderen self er verge for. . . Imod denne sal. quindes udfart tilkommer Capit. Hans Koefoed 50 Sldr. Imod de forhen udgifte børns hiemgift af boet til kommer de 3de ugifte børn som er Pouel og Jørgen Koefoed, sampt Kirstene Koefoedsdaatter ligesom de anden sødskende tilforne her af boeet bekommed hafuer. Huer søn, it half hunderede Sldr. og daatteren it hundrede Sldr. er 200 Sldr. . . Huis Jørgen Koefoed tilkommer efter sin sal. mormoder sal. Boehl Claus Kølleris i Østermariæ Sogn suarer og faderen til efter skiftebrefuets indhold. Kirstene Koefoedsdaatter annammed self huis hende efter hendes mormoder til kom. Huis jordegodsed angaar, som er Koefoedsgaard med gaard sins frihed, og dend 22 gaard i Østermark Sogn som sterfboet. . . (Probate witnessed by: Hans Kofoed Madsen - eg. hd., Mads Koefoed Hansen, Claus Koefoed, Jens Munk, Poul Hansøn Koefoed, Per P.L Larsen, Mattias Karlsøn, Hans Koefoed Madsen.)

From the Svaneke kirkebog:
January 31, 1694: Nr. 3, Den 31 (Januarius) wiede jeg Capitain Hans Kofod, og Karen Hermansd.

From Bornholm's Landstingbog 1693-1701:
January 26, 1698, pages 199a-200a: Anno 1696 dend 8 Janvary hafuer ieg Hans Koefoed Madsen, Capitain ved it Provincial Compagnie her paa Borringholm, og boende udi Østermarie Sogen paa dend gunstige øffrighedz gode behag, indgaaed, indgaaed opretted og sluted een venlig contract og foreening med mine børn og arfuinger, om huorleedes her eftter skal forholdes med mit jordgoedz, som ieg beboer, som er een min self eyendoms gaard, beliggende i bemelte Østermarie Sogen, og er eftter jordebogen dend 23 udi tallet, efttersom samme gaard er falden i arf mellem mig og mine børn, eftter min sahl. hustrue Karen Clausdatter Kiøller, nemblig 4 sønner og 3 døttre. Dend elste søn Madz Kofod Hansen paa Almegaard. Dend anden søn, Claus Kofod Hansen paa Maglegaard, Fendrich ved det Andet National Compagnie her paa Landet. Dend thredie søn Pouel Koefod Hansen Borger og Handelsman i Rønne. Dend fierde søn, Jørgen Kofod Hansen, som er endnu er hiemme hos mig, Hans Koefod Madsen paa Eskesgaard, Capitain ved eet Provincial Compagnie her paa Landet, som hafuer till egte min daatter ved nafn Hanne Kofod Hansdaatter. Hans Kofod Jensen bestalter Lieutnant, ved it Mariniske Compagnie under Brigardier Gerdorfs Regimente, som hafuer min daatter Kirsten Kofod Hansdaatter til egte. Matthias Carlsen Raadmand og Fendrich udi Nexøe som hafde min daatter Karine Kofod Hansdaatter til egte, og er ved døden afgangen, hues part til falder hendes eftterlatte børn. Da hafuer vi indbiurdis testimeritofuen bemelte min i boende gaard med huus biugning, ager, eng, skouf, march, fiske vand, fægang lejlighed, og herlighed, sampt skatten som er fri kiøbt paa penge Eet Tusende Slettedaler, huor af ofuen melte mine børn skall hafue dend halue part till deeling, som er Fem Hundrede Slettedr., og skal det staa i min villie, at udløs, og gifue huer, af mine børn sin deel i mit lefuende lif, eftter advenant af gaarden. Mens som det skulle hende sig, at ieg iche, medens ieg lefuer, udløser huer af min børn. Da er det saaleedes af talt og sluted, at min yngste søn Jørgen Koefod Hansen, eftter min dødelige afgang skal hafue prioriteten, og dend rette tilgang, til bemelte min gaard, og hafue magt at gifue og udløs. Huor sit sødskend, baade saa vit huer end da kand hafue til rest i gaarden af møderne. Saa ogsaa at gifue huer sit sødskend sin lod af de 500 Slettedr. som ieg self i gaarden hafuer, som mine børn ogsaa eftter min død skal hafue og vere berettiged, eftter dend contract. Som ieg Hans Kofod Madsen, med min nu hafuende hustru Karen Hermandsdaatter, og hendes børn og arfuinger, og retted hafuer; og naar da min yngste søn Jørgen Kofod Hansen i saa maader een huer af sine sødskende baade for fæderne og møderne har for nøyelig udløs. Da skal hand niude og beholde, samme gaard grund; lejlighed og herlighed till evindelig arf og eye, liggsom ieg den self hafuer, u-paa anched, og u-paa kiert, af nogen de andre mine børn eller arfuinger i nogen eller aller ringeste til fælde. Saa og at beboe, bruge og beholde, og udi alt nyttdig giøre, som hand best ved, vil og kand. At vi saaleedes denne contract fri villigen med huer andre paa begge parter hafue indgaaed, og opretted, som og af os till sammen i alle sine ord og pungter fast og u-ryggelig holdes skall till ydermeeere bekrefttelse, skriffue vi vore nafn, med egne hender herneden under, og vore zigneter hos trøgt. Datum Kofodsgaard i Øster Marie Sogen, Anno A. Die ut Supra: Hans Kofod Madsen eg.hdr., Pouel Hansen Kofod, M.H. Kofoed, Hans Kofod Madsen, Claus Koefoed, H.J. Koefoed.

From the Østermarie kirkebog:
February 7, 1702: Den 7 Febr. Karne Capt. Hans Kofods begraved, 58 aargl.

January 21, 1704: Den 21 Jan. Capt. Hans Kofod begraved, 69 aar gl.

Extracted from the probate for Hans Kofoed Madsen, January 23, 1704, page420b:
Anno 1704, dend 23 Janvary er efter advarsel til ded ved kommende holden registering, og vurdering sampt skifte og liqvidation efter Erlig, og mand Haste nu sahlig mand Hans Koefoed Madsen fordum bestalter Capitain ofuer Øster Herrets Compagnie som boede, og døde paa Koefoedsgaard belliggende udi Østermariæ Sogn. Imellem denne s. mands efterlefvende børn, som først er at reigne 4 sønner, og 3 døttre. Hvor af den eldste søn Mads Koefoed Hansen boende paa Almegaard i Knudsker Sogn sin egen værge. Den anden søn er Claus Koefoed Hansen bestalter Capitain ofuer Øster Herrds Compagnie. Dend 3de søn er Pouel Koefoed, handelsmand og borger boende i Rønne. Dend yngste søn er Jørgen Koefoed Hansen boende paa Koefoedsgaard i Østermark Sogn. Dend eldste daatter var afgangne Karne Hans Koefoeds daatter som var i echtskab med Mathias Carlsen boende i Nexøe og nu ved døden afgangne, efter hende igien lefuer 2 sønner, og 2 døttre: hvor af dend eldste søn er Carl Mathiasen som er sin værge; dend anden søn er Pouel Mathiasen nu paa 18 aar gammel, for ham er tilforn anordned at værge bemælte Capt. Claus Koefoed, og Capitain Hans Koefoed Madsen boende paa Eskesgaarden i Pedersker Sogn; dend eldste daatter er Elsebeth Mathiasdaatter nu paa 15de aar gl., for hende er Pouel Koefoed hendes moderbroder boende i Rønne værge; dend yngste daatter er Kirstene Mathiasdaatter nu paa 12 aar gl., for hende er forhen til værge anordned hendes moderbroder Mads Koefoed boende paa Allmegaard i Knudsker Sogn. Dend anden denne s. mands daatter er Johanna Hans Koefoeds daatter i echteskab med bemælte Capitain Hans Koefoed Madsen boende paa Eskisgaard i Pedersker Sogn. Dend yngste denne s. mands daatter var afgangne Kirstene Hans Koefoeds daatter som var i echteskab med Lieutenant Hans Koefoed Jensen boende i Østermark Sogn, efter hende igien lefuer 2 sønner, og 3 døttre: hvor af dend eldste søn er Jens Koefoed Hansen paa 7de aar gl.; dend anden søn er Hans Koefoed Hansen som under it aar gl.; den eldste daatter Margreta Elisabeth Hans Koefoeds daatter paa 9de aargl.; dend anden daatter Catrina Kirstina Hans Koefoeds daatter, paa 5te aar gl.; den yngste daatter Kirstina Hans Koefoeds daatter it aar; for dennem er faderen self værge efter louen. . . denne s. mands forhen efter sin sidste s. kieriste, Karne Herman Bohnis paa skifted efter skiftebrefuis indhold først datered den 15 Febr. Aar 1702. . . .

Laurids de Thurah's writes in his "Omstændelig og tilforladelig Beskrivelse over Bornholm og Christiansøe", from 1756, page 61, that over the pulpit of the old Østermarie Church (which is now in ruins) hung a banner with the family's cow-foot emblem and the following inscription:

"Herunder hviler velædle Herre Capitaine Hans Madsen Kofoed, fød 1634 Juleaften, død 1704 d. 1de Februarii." (Hereunder rests the noble Gentleman Captain, Hans Madsen Kofoed, born Christmas Eve 1634, died in 1704 on the 1st of February.)

Note: The above given date of death seems to be in error - as the Østermarie parish register states that Hans Kofoed Madsen's burial was on January 21, 1704. His probate hearing was held only a couple of days later, on January 23, 1704.

Mention of children Poul and Johanne in the probate for Edvard Olufsen Sonne, March 18, 1727, page 345b:
Anno 1727 dend 18de Marty er effter lovlig giorde tillysning over det heele land for at holde registering og vurdering sampt skiffte og deeling effter Edle og Mandhastte nu salig Evert Olsen Sonne fordum Lieutnant over Cavaleriet ved Rytteriet, og det i mellem denne sl. mands eftterlevende kieriste Karen Hansdaatter Kofoed for hende eftter hendes begiering er til laug verge antagen Sr. Johan Holst i Rønne paa eene, og paa anden side denne sl. mands eftter levende børn som er først at regnehand haver aufled med sin forhen afdøde sl. hustru Karen Henningsdaatter Bohn. . . . Sr. Povl Hansen Kofod i Rønne paa sin søster Johanne sl. Capitain Hans Kofods producerede it pantebref af dato 26 Nouember 1710 udgiven af sl. Lieutnant Evert Olsen Sonne til salig Hr. Capit. Hans Kofoed Madsen, hans hustru, børn og arvinger lydende paa capital 100 Dr. og der fore er i pant satt den 28 gaard i Aakier sogen kaldes Lofttsgaarden som sl. Evert Olsen i boede med videre som samme pantebrefvit løfttigere udviiser og omfor melder som blef les og paa skreven og Sr. Poul Kofod igien levert Monsr. Hans Kofod Hansen i Persker sogen for skiftte retten producerede it til hannem af Karen sl. Evert Ols tilligemed hendes loug verge. . . .

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,Ontario, Canada.

Skifte:
Nr. 18.
Side 50. 1704. 23. Jan.
Hans Kofoed Madsen, enkemand, capitain, Kofodgård, Østermarie.
4 søn. 3 døt.
A: Mads Kofoed Hansen, egen værge, Almegård, Knudsker.
B: Claus Kofoed Hansen, egen værge, capitain, Øster Herred.
C: Poul Kofoed Hansen, handelsmand, Rønne.
D: Jørgen Kofoed Hansen, Kofodgård, Østermarie.
E: Karen Hans Kofoedsdatter, død, var gm. Mathias Carlsen, Nexø. 2 søn. 2 døt.
1: Carl Mathiasen, egen værge.
2: Poul Mathiasen, f. 1686. Værge: Morbror, Claus Kofoed og fastermand, Hans Kofoed Madsen.
3: Elsebeth Mathiasdatter, f. 1689. Værge: Morbror, Poul Kofoed.
4: Kirstene Mathiasdatter, f. 1692. Værge: Morbror, Mads Kofoed.
F: Johanne Hans Kofoedsdatter, gm. Hans Kofoed Madsen, capitain, Eskegård, Pedersker.
G: Kirstene Hansdatter, død, var gm. Hans Kofoed Jensen, løjtnant, Østermarie. 2 søn. 3 døt.
1: Jens Kofoed Hansen, f. 1697.
2: Hans Kofoed Hansen, f. 1703.
3: Margrethe Elisabeth Hans Kofoedsdatter, f. 1695.
4: Cathrine Kirstine Hans Kofoedsdatter, f. 1699.
5: Kirstine, Hans Kofodsdatter, f. 1703.
Værge: Far.

Hans blev gift med Karen Clausdatter Kjøller cirka 1655. Karen (datter af Claus Hansen Kjøller og Boel Svendsdatter) blev født cirka 1636 i 13. sgd. Kølleregård, Ibsker Sogn; døde i 1693 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; blev begravet den 19 maj 1693. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

1. Mads Hansen Kofoed blev født den 13 dec. 1657 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; døde den 21 sep. 1735 i Prgd. Store Almegård, Knudsker Sogn; blev begravet den 28 sep. 1735.
2. Karen Hansdatter Kofoed blev født cirka 1659 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; døde i 1695 i Nexø; blev begravet den 30 jan. 1695.
3. Johanne Hansdatter Kofoed blev født cirka 1659 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; døde i 1738 i Prgd. Eskildsgård, Pedernsker Sogn; blev begravet den 13 aug. 1738 i Pedersker Churchyard, Bornholm.
4. Claus Hansen Kofoed blev født den 7 jul. 1663 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; døde den 11 feb. 1743 i Maglegård, Østermarie, Bornholm, Danmark; blev begravet i feb. 1743 i Østermarie Churchyard, Bornholm.
5. Kirstine Hansdatter Kofoed blev født cirka 1665 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; døde i 1703 i Sjælegård, Østermarie, Bornholm, Danmark; blev begravet den 3 dec. 1703 i Østermarie Churchyard, Bornholm.
6. Poul Hansen Kofoed blev født den 12 sep. 1674 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; døde den 29 okt. 1734 i Rønne; blev begravet den 5 nov. 1734 i Rønne Churchyard, Bornholm.
7. Jørgen Hansen Kofoed blev født cirka 1677 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; døde i 1737 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; blev begravet den 19 jul. 1737.
8. Poul Hansen Kofoed blev født i 1674 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; blev døbt den 12 sep. 1674; døde den 29 okt. 1734 i Rønne; blev begravet den 5 nov. 1734.

Hans blev gift med Karen Hermansdatter Bohn den 31 jan. 1694 i Svaneke Kirke. Karen (datter af Herman Clausen Bohn og Kirstine Madsdatter) blev født i 1644 i Rønne; døde i 1702 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn; blev begravet den 7 feb. 1702. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Proprietær
• Skifte: 2 nov. 1646

Notater:

Note(kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

Mads Kofoed inherited ownership rights to Koefoedgård, which he took over with a deed of conveyance dated July 10, 1630, from his brother Oluf Kofoed, who had managed the farm while his brother Mads was under-age. Mads Kofoed was continually plagued by financial difficulties; on March1 3, 1624, he had to sell part ownership of a farm in Østerlars parish which was his wife's property. After his wife Karine Kofoed Hansdatter died (sometime between 1637 and 1645) his debt grew again, as he was obliged to pay out to his children their maternal inheritance.

Mads Kofoed must have remarried, as court records from after his death in 1646 inform us that he left behind a widow named "Karrine Hansdatter". According to the probate the farm's buildings were old and in poor repair; the house and adjascent buildings were only appraised at 700 silver Daler.

After he died probate was held on November 2, 1646, and it tells us that the farm buildings were very run-down and the total value of the property was not more than 700 silver Daler. Those who have studied his judgements have come away with the impression that he, as far as possible, supported the lower-courts and was often swayed by them. Also, it is noted that many of the officials for the lower-court seemed to gradually become members of the Kofoed-family!

The evidence that Mads Kofoed's first wife, Karine, was a member of the Kofoed-family can be found in the above mention document dating March 13, 1624, wherein "Mads Kofoed af Østermarie Sogn paa min hustrus vegner "(Mads Kofoed of Østermarie parish on his wife's behalf) sold, along with his brothers-in-law, a farm in Østerlars to " deres bror, Peder Kofoed, Raadmand i Rønne" (their brother, Peder Kofoed, Alderman in Rønne). There is no known evidence as to the coat-of-arms or seal used by Mads Kofoed; however, since both his father's gravestone and his son Poul Kofoed Madsen, of Svaneke, used the cow-foot image we can assume that this was used by Mads Kofoed as well.

From the Hammershus Regnskaber, 1631-1641:
Mandtal och Forklarings Register offuer Spindpennge Skatten aff Hammershus Lehn, for Ao. 1637 och Anno 1638. . . . Østermarck Sogn: . . .23. Madz Kofod.

From the Hammershus Ekstraskattemandtaller, 1640-1645:
Mandtall och Schatte Register paa den Amindelige pendinge Schatt som Miening Bønder och Alffmue offuer Boringholmb, vdgaff thill Martiny Anno 1640. . . . Østermarck Sogenn: . . . 23. Jens Andersen.

Mandtall och Skatte Register paa de Almindelige Pendinge Schatt som Kongl. May. och Adelens Bønder och Thienere offuer Hammershuus Leen paa Boringholmb vdgaff thil Johannes Daug Anno 1640. . . . Østermarch Sogen:. . . 23. Madz Kofod.

Mandtal och Forklarings Register offuer Baadsmens Skatten aff Hammershus Lehn for Ao. 1640 til S. Johanni Dag. . . . Østermarck Sogen: . . . 23. Madz Kofoed.

Mandtall och Skatte Register paa den Almindelige Pendinge Schatt som Kong. May. och Adelenhe Thienere offuer Borringholmbs Leen vdgaff till Michely Anno 1641. . . . Østermarck Sogenn: . . . 23. Madz Kofod.

Mandtall och Schatte Register paa Fastelauffns Kongschatt Anno 1641 somBønder och Meeninge Alffmue offuer Boringholmbs Leen, vdgaff: . . .Østermarch Sogen: . . . 23. Jens Andersen.

Mandtall och forklaring offuer Goedzmends schatten aff Boringholmbs Leenoch kiøbstede till Johanj 1641. . . . Østermarck Sogen: . . . 23. Madz Koefoed.

Mandtall och Schatte Register paa din Almindelige Pendinge Schatt, somKongl. May. och Adelens Bønder och Thienere paa Boringholmb, wdgaff, til Fastelauffuen och Johany Anno 1642. . . . Østermarck Sogenn: . . . 23. Madz Kofod.

Mandtal och Skatte Register paa dend almindelige pendinge skatt, somKongl. Maytts. och Adelens Bønder och Thiennere offuer Hammershus Lehnpaa Borringholmb wdgaff till Martinj Anno 1642. . . . Østermarck Sogen: .. . 23. Matz Kofod. . . . Møller Vden Auffl: Matz Kofod.

Mandtall och forclarings register, paa Boedtzmends Schatten offuerBoringholms Leen, till S. Johanj daugh Anno 1642. . . . Østermarck Sogen:. . . 23. Mads Koefoed.

Mandtal och Skatte Register paa dend Almindelige Pendinge Schatt somKongl. Maytt. och Adelens Bønder och Tiennere offuer Hammershuus Lehnnpaa Borringholmb, wdgaff till Johannj Anno 1643. . . . Østermarck Sogenn:. . . 23. Matz Kofod.

Mandtall och Skatte Register paa den Almindelige Pendinge Schatt, somKongl. Maytt. och Adelens Bønder och Thienner offuer Hammershus Lehn paaBorringholm, vdgaff till Paasche Anno 1644. . . . Østermarch Sogen: . . .23. Matz Kofoed.

From the Hammershus Ekstraskattemandtaller, 1646-1651:
Mandtall och Schate Register paa dend Paabuene, Korn Schadt, som Ko. Maytts. och Adellens Bønder och tienere offuer Hammershuuszlehn paa Borringholmb, vdgaff til Santj Michels Daug Anno 1646. . . . Østermarck Sogen: . . . 23. Madz Koefoed.

Mandtall och Schate Register, paa dend allmindelig kaaber schatt, som Ko. Ma. och Adelens Bønder och Tiennere offuer Hammerszhuusz Lehn paa Borringholmb, vdgaff til Sanctj Michels Dag Ao. 1646. . . . Østermark Sogen: . . . 23. Madz Koefoed.

Mandtall och Schate Register paa dend Almindelige Pendinge Sckat, som Kong. Maytts. och Adelens Bønder och tienere offuer Hammerszhuusz Lehn paa Borigholmb, vdgaff till tuende terminer. Nemblig til Sanctj MichelsDaug och till Martinj Ao. 1646. . . . Østermark Sogen: . . . 23. Madz Koefoed.

Mandtals register paa dend almindelig pendinge schatt; som Kongl. Maytts. och Adellens Bønder och tienere offuer Hammerszhuusz Lehn paa Boringholmb schulle vdgiffue dend halffue part till Michaelis och dend halffue part till Martini 1647. . . . Østermarck Sogen: . . . 23. Madz Koefoed.

From the Hammershus Ekstraskattemandtaller, 1651-1659:
Mandtal och forklaringh register offuer Baadzmend Schatten och Spindpenge aff Hammershus Lehn bereignet fra Philipi Jacobi 1658 til Phil. 1659. . .. Østermarch sogen: . . . 23. Madz Kofod.

[Note: The above "mandtal og forklaring register over bådsmænd skatten og spindepenge" (census and register of the sailor's tax and spinning wages) appears to be based on taxpayers for the listed farms circa 1642, not 1658-59.]

Richtig forteignelse, paa huis til mig er ytt och leffuerit, aff Østeroch Nørre Herridtz resstantz, som resterit och forfalden var udj de Suensches regerings tid som var før Anno 1658. . . . Østermarcher Sogen:. . . Den 23. Hans Kofod, penge - 2 Mk.

From Bornholm's Jordebog, April 19, 1661:
Suaneke: Peder Koefod. . . Tolff tønder. Pouel Koefod. . . Tiuge tønder.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,Ontario, Canada.

Mads blev gift med Karine Hansdatter Kofoed cirka 1620. Karine (datter af Hans Madsen Kofoed og xxx Clausdatter Kjøller) blev født cirka 1602 i Prgd. Blykobbegård, Nyker Sogn; døde cirka 1640 i 23. sgd. Kofoedgård, Østermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Notater:

Occupation: Land-owner (Proprietær)

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Proprietær

Notater:

Kure (23. sgd. Kofodsgård, Østermarie)

Peder Kofoed var den første der med sikkerhed vides at have boet på Kofodsgård i Østermarie. Se "På sporet af de første Kofod'er" side 77.
Efter Elsebeth Gagges død arvede han hendes særeje, da der ikke var mandlige arvinger efter hende. Det var 14.- 16.- 17. og 25. Vornedegårde i Aaker sogn. Lod i 1604 støbe en ny klokke til kirken i Østermarie.
Peder Kofoed betegnede sig selv som frimand fra 1608 og førte et bomærke i sit segl. Han deltog i adelens hyldning af Prins Christian i Lund. Da han havde fået de 4 gårde med Elsebeth Gagge, der var en "frij Quinse", måtte han efter hendes og børnenes død ansøge kongen om tilladelse til at beholde disse gårde, hvilket blev ham bevilget i kongeligt brev dateret den 3. Juli 1598. I 1606 fik han chancen til at erhverve sig en rigtig frimandsgård, nemlig den ofte nævnte sædegaard, Baggård i Klemensker, som han købte af Niels Bagge. Nu kunne Peder Kofoed mødes på lige fod med de andre frimænd.
Han blev begravet inde i Østermarie kirke med sine to hustruer. Ved alteret i den nedrevne Østermarie Kirke har der ligget en gravsten med initialerne "P.K." (Peder Kofoed) og foden af en ko i våbnet, "E.H.G.D." (Elsebeth Henning Gagges Datter) med et våben, muligvis Gaggernes våben og IPHD og et ukendt våben, men antagelig en gedekæbe, også kaldet en "hummerklo", som brugtes af Myreslægten. Våbenskjoldene fandtes på 3 kobberplader, der var boltet i gravstenen, men disse er bortkomne og der er kun hullerne tilbage i gravstenen. (Se Bornholms Kirker side 484.) -
Peders anden hustru Inger Pedersdatter var datter af Peder Hansen Myhre, adelsmand, født på 6. Vdg. i Ibsker. Ejede bl. andet Myhreslægtens sædegaard 4. Vdg. Store Myregård i Aaker, som gik i arv til hans søster Mette Hansdatter Myhre, samt Simlegård i Klemensker, fordi han ikke havde nogle sønner. Det var hende, der antagelig brugte en geddekæbe i sit våbenskjold i gravstenen i den gamle Østermarie Kirke. (AaK)

Note (Overført juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

From the earliest records on Peder Kofoed we see that he was a "Selvejerbonde" (tax-paying freehold farm-owner) without the "Frimand" (freeman) privileges his cousins around Rønne enjoyed. Peder Kofoed fathered five children in his first marriage, to Elsebeth Gagge: one son and four daughters; she and all of their children died in 1585. After Elsebeth Gagge died he inherited her property, as she left no male child to inherit her property. The properties were the 14', 16', 17' and 25'Vornedegårde (Vdg.) in Åker parish (and as well he owned a mill). As Elsebeth Gagge's status was that of a "frij Quinse" (= fri Kvinde, a free woman) it was necessary to obtain Royal permission to keep the farms. This was granted to him by Royal decree on July 3, 1598; however, this did not make Peder a Freeman, but he did obtain something equally as good: The king's decree of July 3, 1598 (see below) gave him the right to own those farms "as free as anyone else on Bornholm owned his farm".

From the "Urkunden zur Geschichte der Insel Bornholm 1327-1621: 1566 -1621", by Jens Rasmussen Hübertz, Volume 2, page 532:
Nr. 377. 1598 3 Juli. Peder Koefod skal have sit Gods frit. Chr. IV etc. Peder Koefoed har ladet andrage, at han havde ægtet en fri Quinde, og med hende faaet noget Jordegods, og efter hendes Død arvet samme med hans Børn, og siden efter deres Død arvet disse; men hans Hustrues Broder, som er en Riddermands Mand, har gjort Fordring paa samme Gods. Da der imidlertid er giort dem en Contract imellem, at han maa beholde bemeldte Gods, om Kongen vil unde ham det, saa bevilges ham dette "och hand och hands Arffuinger dett saa friit att beholde, som andre der paa Landet der frie Folch ere", etc. (Langeb. og en anden Affkr. i Diplom. i Geh. Arch. Conf. Skaanske Reg. Nr. 3 fol. 70. a.)

Christian IV's brother-in-law, the Holstein Duke Johan Adolf, a well educated and enlightened nobleman, visited Koefoedgård in 1602 together with five squires and their entourage: "as many as could be seated around four long tables". Although the affair totalled a hefty 22 Rigsdaler, Peder Kofoed could not but praise God for his good fortune in making the aquaintance of such an important and influential man. To do this he shared the cost of manufacturing a magnificient new bell dedicated to the church in Østermarie in 1604. It is one of two bells that ring for the people in Østermarie to this very day.

It was unthinkable to have Koefoedgård converted to "frigård" (free-farm) status; however, as it was now established that Peder had the right to own Freeman's property, it was possible to obtain land already designated as such. Finally in 1606 he got the opportunity to buy the Freeman's estate of Baggegård in Klemensker parish. Now "Peder Kofoed af Baggaard" could met on equal footing with the other Freemen of Bornholm.

In 1572 a meeting was held by Bornholm's Parliament to establish who had the right to the status of "frimand" on Bornholm. Of course, that meeting had a broader purpose: a war in which Lübeck and Denmark had fought side-by-side had ended two years previously, and there was another three years before the Lübeck 50 year claim to Bornholm was to expire; although Lübeck claimed that it had been given a further 50 years. In this predicament it was wise for the King to establish locally situated allies; and Bornholm's influential freemen, who normally would have been snubbed by the king and the true nobility, were now in a position to receive benevolent treatment from the Danish crown.

At the "Frimandsmødet" held on September 6, 1572 there were 17 men namedas being in attendance: 1. Jacob Iversen, Landsdommer; 2. Mester Peder W(= Peder [Mogensen] Uf); the brothers 3. Peder Hansen; and 4. BentHansen; 5. Jørgen Pedersen; 6. Peder (Madsen) Kofoed; 7. Oluf Madsen; 8.Oluf Bagge; 9. Hans Mogensen, as he was away at the king's court he wasrepresented by his father Mogens Hansen; 10. Peder (Hansen) Myre; 11.Jørgen Gagge; 12. Berent Hansen (= Berild Hansen); 13. Laurids Pedersen;14. Jens (Madsen) Kofoed; 15. Christen (Clausen) Kiøller; 16. PederHansen (Uf); and 17. Hans (Madsen) Kofoed. Three advisers to the DanishParliment (Rigsråder) had been sent to preside over the meeting, namely:Biørn Kaas of Starupgaard, Biørn Andersen of Stenholt, and Jørgen Marsvinof Dybæk. The group expressed heartfelt and solemn words about faithfulservice to the crown; and it seems they had an inkling of things to come,and therefore begged the King not to let himself be "seduced" by Lübeck'srepresentative Sveder Ketting, "because you might expect that Lübeck onlyplotted to keep our island under their yoke." This was during the periodin which Bornholm was strongly under the influence (and rulership) of theHanseatic League free-city of Lübeck; the Bornholmers felt greatly putupon by the high taxes, unfair rules, and high-handedness of theLübeckers. Contrary to the opinion of latter historians they must haveconvinced the envoys, as on the 9th of September the freemen were grantedthe right to gather shipwrecks from the beaches, hunt in the woods, aswell as given full authority over their servants - a great victory forthe freemen.

This is the first record in which we find the Kofoeds being mentioned as "frimænd". We know that they were related to Oluf Bagge and Peder Uf, and probably to several of the others. The question remains: did they already have claim to freeman status, or did they take advantage of the King's need for loyal followers - seeking acknowledgement of that status from their peers on Bornholm? It seems that they had to make certain commitments to the King in exchange for the full rights to freeman status.

Peder Kofoed, named as a "Frimand", was one of the delegates who on May 6, 1608, in København, selected and confirmed Prince Christian as the future King of Denmark. He, along with four other Bornholmers, took part in the following festivities in Lund, Skåne province (now part of Sverige/Sweden), where the nobility swore their allegiance to Prince Christian in the year 1610.

Their written authorization to attend reads as follows:
"We, the hereafter stated signatories: Jens Kofoedt of Kyndegaard, Hanns Kofoedt of Blykobbegaard, Peder Koefoedt of Bagisgaard, Matz Koefoedt of Eskiilsgaard, and Niels Beriildsen of Gadebygaard, all Freemen of Borringholm, and present here together hereby declare. . . The honest and noble man: Hanns Lindenow, Commander of Hammershus Fortress, has according to our consent, requested these two persons: the honourable Hans and Poffuill Koefoedt to travel to Kiöbenhaffn with our authorized document and be our representatives (at Prince Christian's election). . .as further documentation we have in our own handwriting signed and sealed this our open-letter."

The above letter is dated: "Borringholm, 6 Maij, Anno 1608" With the signatures of: Jenns Koefoedt, Hans Kofod, Peder Koefoedt, Matz Koefoedt, Jacob Køller, Hans Berillsenn, Niels Berendtzen.

From the Hammershus Regnskaber, 1580-1617:
Indtegtt och wdgifftt paa Hammershus Slott paa Borneholm paa Kong. May. wegne, thett aar fra Philippj Jacobj dag Ao. 1602 till Phillippj Jacobjdag Ao. 1603. . . . Penninge giffued for fremmede herrers fartering: Thend 24 December er giffuen Peder Koefoed for høgbaarne Hertug Johan Adolffs, och hans med haffuendis folckis fartering, wdj hans hus effter hans beuisis lydelse - 22 Rigs Daller.

The above entry translated to English:
Revenue and disbursements for Hammershus Castle on Bornholm on behalf of His Royal Majesty, in the year from May 1, 1602 until May 1, 1603. . . .Money given for foreign gentlemen's travel: On 24 December [1602] given by Peder Koefoed for high-born Duke Johan Adolf and his companion's travel, in his house after his proven testimony - 22 Rigsdaler.

Indtegt och wdgifft paa Hammershus Slott paa Bornholmb paa Kong. Maiitz. wegne fra Philippi dag Anno 1607 och till Philippi Jacobi dag Anno 1608.. . . Indtegt Kong. Maiitz. och Kronens sagfaldt: . . . Opborridt aff Peder Koefoedtz dreng Peder Mogensen i Østermarck sogn for hand sloug Morten Staffensen - 1-1/2 Dr.

The above entry translated to English:
Revenue and disbursements for Hammershus Castle on Bornholm on behalf of His Royal Majesty from May 1, 1607 until May 1, 1608. . . . His Royal Mayesty and the Crown's revenue for transgressions: . . . Received from Peder Kofoed's servant Peder Mogensen of Østermarie parish because he struck Morten Staffensen - 1-1/2 Rigsdaler.

Kong. Mayttz. Regenschaff, aff Hammershuus Slott och Lehn, fraa Philippi Jacobi Dag Anno 1610 och thill Aarsdagen Ao. 1611. . . . Annammidt thillsagefald: . . . Sønder Herridt: . . . Jep Buck i Boelsker sogen aff tingget for slagsmaaell med Peder Koefoedtzs bundesøehn, gaff der for - 2 RixDr., 1 Ortt.

The above entry translated to English:
His Royal Majesty's finanicial accounting, for Hammershus Castle and entailed estate, from May 1, 1610 until May 1, 1611. . . . Revenue fortransgressions: . . . Sønder District: . . . Jep Buck of Bodilsker parish fined for fighting with Peder Kofoed's tenant farmer's son, gave therefore - 2 Rigsdaler, 1 Ort.

According to Julius Bidstrup's book on the "Family B" by the altar of the now demolished Østermarie Church there was a gravestone with three copperplates, the first with the initials "P.K.", for Peder Kofoed, which depicted his emblem: the hoof or "foot" of a cow ("foden af en kue" or"et koben"). The name Kofoed comes from the older name of "KoFod" (meaning "CowFoot"). The second plate was engraved "E.H.G.D." for: Elsebeth Henning Gagge's Daughter; her vertically divided emblem depicted a half mill-wheel (halv kaggehjul) and a chevron (sparre). The third was engraved "I.P.H.D." for: Inger Peder Hansen's Daughter; her emblem depicted what looked like a cheekbone (kindben), which has otherwise been described as a half lobster claw (halv hummerklo); Sigvard Mahler Dam has identified it as a pike's jawbone (geddekæft), stating that the "geddekæft" was a symbol of speed - as knights used to fasten the jawbone into the nostrils of their horses, so that they would run fast and wild. It seems that the old Bornholm Kofoed families used the cow-foot as their emblem; from obvious association with their name, rather than through their connection to the Duchy of Holstein. Besides the gravestone of Peder Kofoed, it can be seen in the seal of his brother the Mayor Esbern Kofoed used in 1595. From then on the cow-foot was used repeatedly by this branch of the Kofoed-family; among them his grandson Poul, the mayor of Svaneke, who in 1673 used a seal with the cow-foot image in the arms, above which sat a tiny, not too martial-looking helmet sprouting three flowers, and the initials "P.K.F.M." for: Poul KoeFoed Madsen.

In May 6, 1608 he used a "lille kvist med kløveret" (small twig with a clover) as the image on his seal. It is curious that he did not make use of the cow-foot coat of arms, which was later placed upon his gravestone.

In the old Østermarie Church there was an epitaph with the inscription:
"Denne Tavle er opsat til ærlig og velagte Mands Peder Kofods Ihukommelse, som blev fød Aar efter Guds Byrd 1548 og døde 1616. Hands første Hustru ærlig og gudfrygtig Jomfru Elsebeth Henning Gagges Datter, med hvilcken hand levede i Ægteskab 10 Aar, avlede 5 Børn, 1 Søn og 4 Døttre. Hvilcke samt Moderen heden sove salig i Herren Anno 1585". (This Tablet is raised to the honest and respected man Peder Kofod's Memory, who was born in the year 1548 and died 1616. His first Wife honest and God fearing Miss Elsebeth Henning Gagge's Daughter, with whom he lived in Matrimony for 10 years, bearing 5 Children, 1 Son and 4Daughters. This same mother died in the Year of Our Lord 1585.)

On Koefoedgård's church pew in Østermarie Church was carved a "P K" with a coat-of-arms with the "kofod" image and the year "1637" - the year suggests that this was carved for a son of the same name (who died in 1637 in Malmö). Upon the women's pew was carved "I P H D" and her coat-of-arms; the inscription on the pew informs us that the elderly "Inger Peder Hansens Datter" was still alive in 1637.

In 1595 Hans Kofoed (c.1550-1623), of the "Rønne family" (Bidstrup's "Family A"), incorporated the emblem of a "gavlsparren" (a truss, otherwise known in heraldry as a chevron) in his seal; this later became the most widely incorporated image in later Kofoed seals and emblems. And that Hans Kofoed's eldest son Mads used this image in 1608.

The "Danish Coat of Arms" registry shows that 18 families carry the truss as part of their coats of arms. The image of the truss seems to have come from the Uf family of Skåne. Noblemen of the Uf family settled on Bornholm around the year 1400, and quite a few of the native Bornholmer Kofoeds married into that family, and it seems that they adopted the Uf's coat of arms with its depiction of a "sparre". Later, as the "Rønne family" and the "Østermarie family" began to inter-marry the image of the chevron can be seen together with that of the "cow-foot".

Reference: In "Familien Koefoed A og B" Julius Bidstrup (published 1886), Peder Kofoed's father was a Mads Kofoed, however according to later research done by Jørn Klindt it is proven that he was the son of Poul Kofoed; see "På spore af de første Kofod'er", by Jørn Klindt, published 1979 , page 77.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Peder blev gift med Inger Pedersdatter cirka 1585 i Bornholm. Inger (datter af Peder Hansen) blev født cirka 1560 i Prgd. Vellensgård, Nyker Sogn; døde efter 1600 i Bornholm. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Land-owner (Proprietær)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 12.3369 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 12.3413 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.4485 (Sommer)

Notater:

Note(kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database9

Hans Kofoed, as the owner of Heslegård, 21 Vdg. a "fri vornedegård" (freehold farm), and Knæbjerghus, both in Østerlars parish, participated in the Freeman status meeting in 1572. In 1586 he is recorded as living in Rønne, and in 1590 and 1608 as the owner of the Freeman's estate Blykobbegård in Nyker parish.

Hans Kofoed is recorded in Bornholm's Jordebog as the taxpayer for Rosmannegård, 27' Slg. Knudsker, in 1611; and as the taxpayer for 26'Slg. Knudsker (part of the Store Almegård estate) in 1617, and in the Hammershus Regnskaber, 1617-1631 as being "Hans Koefoed aff Knudsker Sogen", one of the men presiding on February 14, 1625 over the division of the estate of Christopher Olsen's wife Seigne, who had been beheaded for witchcraft.

Sigvard Mahler Dam states, in "Over Hals og hoved" (published in SAXO, 1991), that he discovered that in 1666 there was a case in court concerning the estate of the deceased widow Christine Kiøller (died 1665), in which Hans Olufsen Kofoed, the grandson of Hans (Madsen)Kofoed, states that he is as close an heir after Christine Kiøller as her guardian Claus Kames. Christine is the daughter of Christen Clausen Køller (died circa 1582) and Margrethe Mogensdatter Uf, of Store Hallegård in Olsker.

Sigvard notes that Hans Kofoed named a son Claus, and another son Jacob, which up to that point had not been given names used by the Kofoed-family. Since Christen Clausen Køller had named a son Jacob, Sigvard speculates that Claus and Jacob are Køller family names. Sigvard also notes that Christine Kiøller's brother Christen Clausen Kiøller (junior) signed documents in 1624 and 1628, while he was Bornholm's chiefjustice, which concerned the Kofoed family. (This information was first published in Julius Bidstrup's book on Kofoed family A.)

Based on the above, Sigvard suggests that Hans Kofoed's wife may have been the daughter of Christen Clausen Køller (senior) and Margrethe Mogensdatter Uf. (Or possibly it is Hans Olufsen Kofoed's mother Sidsele who is the relative of Christine Kiøller? - Norman Madsen)

However, it seems just as possible that Hans Kofoed's wife was the half-sister of Christen Clausen Køller (died circa 1582, of Store Hallegård in Olsker). According to Edvard Skovgaard, in "1000 Aner til en Skovgårdsslægt" (pub. 1989), Christen Clausen Køller is the son of a Claus Köller (from Pomerania) and Margarete von Schinckel. Possibly "Margarete von Schinckel" is the same person as the wife of Claus Clausen Kames, namely "Margrethe" (died May 10, 1693) of Rønne? Claus Clausen Kames and Margrethe are said to be the grandparents of the Claus Kames mentioned in the 1666 court case. - Norman Lee Madsen, January 28, 2003.

At the "Frimandsmødet" held on September 6, 1572 there were 17 men named as being in attendance: 1. Jacob Iversen, Landsdommer; 2. Mester Peder W(= Peder [Mogensen] Uf); the brothers 3. Peder Hansen; and 4. Bent Hansen; 5. Jørgen Pedersen; 6. Peder (Madsen) Kofoed; 7. Oluf Madsen; 8.Oluf Bagge; 9. Hans Mogensen, as he was away at the king's court he was represented by his father Mogens Hansen; 10. Peder (Hansen) Myre; 11. Jørgen Gagge; 12. Berent Hansen (= Berild Hansen); 13. Laurids Pedersen; 14. Jens (Madsen) Kofoed; 15. Christen (Clausen) Kiøller; 16. Peder Hansen (Uf); and 17. Hans (Madsen) Kofoed. Three advisers to the Danish Parliment (Rigsråder) had been sent to preside over the meeting, namely: Biørn Kaas of Starupgaard, Biørn Andersen of Stenholt, and Jørgen Marsvin of Dybæk. The group expressed heartfelt and solemn words about faithful service to the crown; and it seems they had an inkling of things to come, and therefore begged the King not to let himself be "seduced" by Lübeck's representative Sveder Ketting, "because you might expect that Lübeck only plotted to keep our island under their yoke." This was during the period in which Bornholm was strongly under the influence (and rulership) of the Hanseatic League free-city of Lübeck; the Bornholmers felt greatly put upon by the high taxes, unfair rules, and high-handedness of the Lübeckers. Contrary to the opinion of latter historians they must have convinced the envoys, as on the 9th of September the freemen were granted the right to gather shipwrecks from the beaches, hunt in the woods, as well as given full authority over their servants - a great victory for the freemen.

Hans Kofoed is known to have been living in Rønne in 1586, and to have been to owner of Heslegård, 21' Vdg. Østerlars parish. Hans Kofoed, named as a "Frimand", was one of the delegates who on May 6, 1608, in København, selected and confirmed Prince Christian as the future King of Denmark. He also, along with Peder (Poulsen) Kofoed (1548-1616), took part in the following festivities in Lund, Skåne (now part of Sverige/Sweden), where the nobility swore their allegiance to Prince Christian in the year 1610.

Their written authorization to attend is stated as follows:
"We, the hereafter stated signatories: Jens Kofoedt of Kyndegaard, Hanns Kofoedt of Blykobbegaard, Peder Koefoedt of Bagisgaard, Matz Koefoedt of Eskiilsgaard, and Niels Beriildsen of Gadebygaard, all Freemen of Borringholm, and present here together hereby declare. . . The honest and noble man: Hanns Lindenow, Commander of Hammershus Fortress, has according to our consent, requested these two persons: the honourable Hans and Poffuill Koefoedt to travel to Kiöbenhaffn with our authorized document and be our representatives (at Prince Christian's election). . .as further documentation we have in our own handwriting signed and sealed this our open-letter."

The above letter is dated: "Borringholm, 6 Maij, Anno 1608" With the signatures of: Jenns Koefoedt, Hans Kofod, Peder Koefoedt, Matz Koefoedt, Jacob Køller, Hans Berillsenn, Niels Berendtzen. (Jørn Klindt notes that Hans Kofoed's signature is not like that of his brother the Judge Jens Kofoed - the Judge was experienced and fluent at handwritting – while Hans Kofoed, being a farmer, was unaccustomed to feather and ink, which easily made blotches!)

From the seven seals affixed we can see that Jens Kofoed and Hans Kofoed, and Hans Kofoed's son Mads, used the "Sparre" (Chevron) image in their seals, but Peder Kofoed did not -- his seal was simply marked "P.K." Also, note that "Borringholm" and "Kiöbenhaffn" are the old style spellings of Bornholm and København (Copenhagen).

In 1595 Hans Kofoed had incorporated the image of a chevron (gavlsparren) in his seal; this later became the most widely incorporated image in later Kofoed seals. The "sparre" was the symbol used by his mother Gunhild's family in their coat of arms. His eldest son Mads Kofoed used this image from 1608, and his descendants (the "Rønne family" or "branch B" as this line of the family was referred to by Julius Bidstrup) used it as well.

Hans Kofoed at one point held the position of churchwarden (kirkeværge) for Nyker parish. He lived long enough to see his children prosper; they were privileged to have been born as freemen and have wealthy and influential relations. Through marriages they further built up their family position.

The "Danish Coat of Arms" registry includes no less than 18 familie scarrying the "sparre" (chevron) as part of their coat of arms. The image of the chevron used by the Rønne branch of the Kofoed-family seems to have come to it via the Uf-family of Skåne province. Noblemen of the Uf-family settled on Bornholm around the year 1400, and when the Mads Kofoed married into that family it seems that his descendants adopted the Uf's coat of arms with its depiction of a "sparre" (chevron). Later, as the "Rønne family" and the "Østermarie family" began to inter-marry the image of the chevron can be seen together with the cow-foot image of the Østermarie line descended from Poul Kofoed (-1549-1572-) of Kofoedgård in Østermarie parish.

From the book "Danske adelsvåbener, en heraldisk nøgle", Politikens Forlag, 1973, København:
Kofod. Et koben. Farver og eventuel hjelmfigur kendes ikke. Markvard Kofod, væbner, 1378; afkom ukendt. NDA side 151.

(Translated to english:)
Kofod. On the shield a cow-foot. Colours and eventual helmet-design unknown. Markvard Kofod, arms carrier in 1378; no known descendants. NDA page 151.

According to Sigvard Mahler Dam's article "De bornholmske væbnerslægter Uf og Splid - noget nyt om deres våbener", (Heraldisk Tidsskrift, 1982), the Kofoed-family's arms carried a blue chevron on a red background, with 2 white vesselhorns on the helmet, and that "Danmarks Kirker", volume 7, Bornholm, tells the same, but incorrectly lists the arms as the belonging to the Gagge-family.

From the Hammershus Regnskaber, 1580-1617:
Hendrick Brahes Regenschaff aff Hammershus paa Borringholm fran Philippi Jacobj dag 1585 thill Philippi Jacobj dag âo. 1586. . . . Inndtegttpennge før sagefaldt: . . . Anndamit ieg aff Hans Sabell ibidem [Rønde]før hand slo Hanns Kuofoedh ibidem [Rønde] - 1-1/2 Daller.

The above entry translated to English:
Henrik Brahe's financial accounting for Hammershus on Bornholm from May1, 1585 until May 1, 1586. . . . Accounts Receivable for transgressions:. . . I received from Hans Sabell of Rønne because he struck Hans Kofoedof Rønne - 1-1/2 Rigsdaler.

From the Hammershus Regnskaber, 1617-1631:
Wy effterskreffne Peder Andersøen, aff Nelausker Sogen, Herridtsfogitt paa Borrenholm Peder Andersøen, Mads Jensøen, Hans Koefoed aff Knudsker Sogen, bekiender och witterligtt gør for alle, och aff Knud Jensøen Kongl. May. Ridefogitt her sammestedts, att werre tikriste och befallid att verre tilstede paa skifftte som bemeltte Knud Jensøen, paa Kongl.May. och sin gunstige horris wegne loid holde, med Cristoffer Olsøen aff Knudsker Sogen efftter sin hustru som wdj troldomb wor kyndige, och derforre bleff dømbtt och heden rett. Huor ouffuer hindis houffuedloid komb wdj Kongens werge, saa ere wj bemeltte mend wdj Jens Søffrensøn Borgemester wdj Rønde, Fock Saffraff Raadmand ibid., samme fleregottfolck derris neruerilse den 14 February neruerende aar 1625 i forhne Cristoffer Olsøns gaard, forsamblede fornhe ørinde, och vereff attwdrotte. - Och for dett første ør wdj worris neruerilse oprognitt huiswitterlig gield och børnegoeds som med rette aff fellidsboe kundefordris. Huilkid er wdj tre ware korn och en partt fæ, forloddiswdtagitt, och siden er boed mitt; the skifft, och Kongl. May. part straxpersileris andteginde och aff os worderrid, som følger: . . . . Naar affforhne summa penge fratagis huis som paa Seyne Cristoffers er bekostidoch anvoret for hun først bleff behofftid, och indtil hun bleff hedenrettid, saa och fogdens penninge: . . . Erlige och welarte mend, Jens Søfrensøn Borgemester och Fock Saffraff Raadmand i Rønde, som och hoisworre, medois till witterlighed att beseylle, Datum Rønde den 15 FebruaryAnno 1625.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Hans blev gift med xxx Clausdatter Kjøller før 1585. xxx (datter af Claus Köller og Margrethe von Schinckel) blev født før 1566 i Prgd. Skovsholm, Ibsker Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 12.3370 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 12.3414 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.4486 (Sommer)

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Herredsfoged

Notater:

Note (Overført juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens databese)

Poul Kofoed is the first Kofoed to live in Østermarie parish and is presumed to be the father of Peder Kofoed of Koefoedgård in Østermarie. Julius Bidstrup (published in 1886-87) states that Peder Kofoed was the son of a Mads Kofoed, however this is now known to be incorrect. Poul Kofoed's name (in the old records it is spelled variously, in low German, as: Pavell Köfföth and Powijl Kaafodt, etc.) is mentioned in 1549 as Reeve (Sandemand) for the East District (Østre Herred), and Merchant Guild Chairman (Oldermand), and as living at one of the largest farms in Østermarie parish: Koefoedgård, the 23' Slg. That Poul Kofoed and his family were firmly establish in the area can be seen by the fact that already by 1569 a forest (skov) in Østermarie parish had become known as "Kofods-skov".

His ancestry is not certain and is disputed, and made more difficult by the fact that he never used his father's given name as part of his signature or mark. According to both Kure's farm-owner list his patronym is "Hansen". There are several theories on his ancestry:

1) Bornholm historian Dr. M.K. Zahrtmann (in 1931) thought that he is Dr. Zahrtmann believed that Poul Kofoed may be same identical to the "Povl Hansen" who, in his capacity as "Herredsfoged" (Bailiff) for Eastern District, conveyed on August 11th 1559 a lawsuit from Commandant Sveder Ketting to the "Herredagen" (High Court) in København; base on this Zahrtmann thought that perhaps Poul Kofoed was the son of a Hans Kofoed and brother to Peder Hansen Kofoed and Esbern Hansen Kofoed; and that Hans Kofoed was the son of the first recorded Kofoed on Bornholm: the Hanseatic trader and freeman Peder Kofoed from the german free-city of Lübeck, and brother to Mads Kofoed. Peder Kofoed is known to have been the representative for Lübeck in Rønne from 1510, mayor of Rønne from 1522, last mentioned in 1532.

2) In "På spor af de første Kofod'er", Jørn Klindt (published in 1979) states that there is not enough evidence to back this up with any certainty; he thinks that perhaps he is brother to a Hans Kofoed of Rønne, who is mentioned in records from 1525-43.

3) Other have speculated that he is the son of Peder Kofoed of Lübeck, and that Peder is the son of Henrik Kofoed (died 1515), a nobleman and wealthy merchant in Lübeck. Henrik is known to have married a widow named Mette in 1466. Henrik had a residence at Mengstrasse 29 in Lübeck. Also owned Grosse Alterfähre 35-36 (which had 5 rooms), and in 1487 inherited Glockengieserstrasse 32, which he sold within a year. He sold the residence on Mengstrasse in 1505. After his death his widow sold Grosse Alterfähre.

I doubt that the Poul Hansen who was District Bailiff in 1559 was in fact Poul Kofoed, as it appears to be out of character for the male members of Kofoed-family from the first few generations to completely drop the use of the Kofoed surname in favour of a patronymic surname. In fact none of the male members of the Kofoed-family during the first four generations are ever recorded as using a patronymic; probably a throw back to their non-Scandinavian roots Poul Kofoed's sons were part of a new generation of Kofoeds born around the middle of the 1500s that began to play a larger role in the island's upper-class. At the same time much more written documentation becomes available, so the individual families can be traced without too much guess-work.

In 1543 a group of Lübeck and Danish commissionaries were appointed to settle a dispute regarding money owing to Lübeck by some Bornholmers. Various meetings were held around the island to settle the matter. The farmers from Østermarie and Ibsker parishes that were involved met at "Pavell Köfföthes" farm in Østermarie parish to discuss the matter with the Lübeck Governor, Sveder Ketting. At that time he was not signing documents for the parish, but six years later in 1549 "Powijl Kaafodt" was the Reeve for Østermarie parish, or as that position is still called on Bornholm: "Sandemand". A "sandemand" was the chief magistrate and bailiff of a parish (sogn), in otherwords a Reeve, and in many ways had duties equivalent to a Mayor (Borgmester) of a township (købstad).

In 1550 he participated in the establishment of the first Latin-school in Rønne. In 1554 he appears again in his position as "Sandemand" for the Eastern District of Bornholm (Østre Herred, consisting of: Østerlars, Østermarie, Ibsker, and Svaneke); that same year he is known to have undertaken a journey to Lübeck. Dr. Zahrtmann believed that he may also be same person as the "Povl Hansen" who as "Herredsfoged" (District Bailiff) for Eastern District, conveyed on August 11th 1559 a lawsuit from Commendant Sveder Ketting to the "Herredagen" (High Court) in København; base on this Zahrtmann thought that perhaps Poul Kofoed was the son of a Hans Kofoed, however this seems unlikely. A document from March 21, 1584 names Esbern Kofoed, the "Kongelig Tolder" (Custom's Officer) for Bornholm, as being the son of Poul Kofoed and Jep Hansen's daughter.

The "Lybækkerne" (the germanic Hansa imperial free-city of Lübeck) had controlled Bornholm since 1525; King Frederik I had forfeited the control of Bornholm to Lübeck for 50 years because of his inability to pay debt sowed to the city. The natives of Bornholm are recorded to have groaned under the Hansa's rule, and declared "they would rather be under the Turks, than under that German, Christian, imperial city." King Frederik took pity on them and declared the inhabitants under his protection -this was to little avail though.

Fifty years later a sign of Lübeck waining powers can be seen in the actions of King Frederik II concerning Bornholm. During those long years the island had been considered the Queen-city of the Hansa's special possession; they had made much profit from the enforced payment of dues, and the export of such valuable commodities as limestone. First a Lübeck governor was formally ejected from København, then the inhabitants of Bornholm, encouraged in insubordination by seeing how the authorities in København dealt with their masters, refused to pay their dues. Finally, one of the towns even forcibly ejected some Lübeck traders. An ominous sign of things to come are reflected in Frederik's opposition to any mention of Bornholm during peace treaties.

At the "Frimandsmødet" held on September 6, 1572 there were 17 men named as being in attendance:
1. Jacob Iversen, Landsdommer; 2. Mester Peder W(= Peder [Mogensen] Uf); the brothers 3. Peder Hansen; and 4. Bent Hansen; 5. Jørgen Pedersen; 6. Peder (Madsen) Kofoed; 7. Oluf Madsen; 8.Oluf Bagge; 9. Hans Mogensen, as he was away at the king's court he was represented by his father Mogens Hansen; 10. Peder (Hansen) Myre; 11.Jørgen Gagge; 12. Berent Hansen (= Berild Hansen); 13. Laurids Pedersen;14. Jens (Madsen) Kofoed; 15. Christen (Clausen) Kiøller; 16. Peder Hansen (Uf); and 17. Hans (Madsen) Kofoed. Three advisers to the Danish Parliment (Rigsråder) had been sent to preside over the meeting, namely: Biørn Kaas of Starupgaard, Biørn Andersen of Stenholt, and Jørgen Marsvin of Dybæk. The group expressed heartfelt and solemn words about faithful service to the crown; and it seems they had an inkling of things to come, and therefore begged the King not to let himself be "seduced" by Lübeck's representative Sveder Ketting, "because you might expect that Lübeck only plotted to keep our island under their yoke." This was during the period in which Bornholm was strongly under the influence (and rulership) of the Hanseatic League free-city of Lübeck; the Bornholmers felt greatly put upon by the high taxes, unfair rules, and high-handedness of the Lübeckers. Contrary to the opinion of latter historians they must have convinced the envoys, as on the 9th of September the freemen were granted the right to gather shipwrecks from the beaches, hunt in the woods, as well as given full authority over their servants - a great victory for the freemen.

On September 7, 1575, Frederik II informed Lübeck, "that the fifty-years of possession, accorded to them by his grandfather, would have expired on the 19th of the month, and he intended to retake possession of the island." The city replied that the "Peace of Hamburg" extended their rights of possession - which they held for unpaid Danish debts. Frederik replied the treaty was invalid since his father, who had made it, was not crowned at the time, and he himself had not been consulted in the matter. Complain as they might, the Lübeck'ers had neither the power northe ability to stop the take over.

Located just outside of Koefoedgård's main house is a mighty oak-tree(eg), known as the "Nøgle-egen", which is said to be the "key" (nøgle) to the farm's good fortune. This romantic legend probably dates back further than the 1800s; no sure explanation is known as to how or why this came to be thought. The oak-tree dates back to the time Poul Kofoed took possession of that beautiful farm located in the fertile coast-land between Svaneke and Gudhjem. The farm-house commands a wide view of the eastern parishes and Svaneke township.

The book "På spor af de første Kofod'er" by Jørn Klindt (published 1979) is a scholarly examination, which tries to clear up the many errors surrounding this family's genealogy. It is thought that the immediately preceading ancestors to the Kofoed'er of Bornholm originated from the area around Hamburg, in the Duchy of Holstein. In 1286 there is mention of a knight, Albertus Koefoed; the Holstein'er family attained the right to be armigerous and held various titles of knighthood. Every couple of generations the family rose in status to near nobility, only to then descend the social ladder; they never broke into, and then maintained, noble status.

According to Jørn Klindt it was the so-called "Østermarie branch" (a.k.a. Julius Bidstrup's "Familien B") of the Kofoed-family that adopted the image of the cow-foot around the year 1595 - it is displayed on a tombstone in Østermarie Church, as well as in the seal of Mayor Esbern Kofoed, and later used by Mayor Poul Kofoed Madsen of Svaneke. But the cow-foot was not the preferred seal image for the Kofoeds, but rather a very old armorial image - the chevron (sparre) was the most widely used. Notably by the so-called "Rønne branch" (a.k.a. Julius Bidstrup's "Familien A"). First used by Chief Justice Jens Madsen Kofoed (c.1541-1625) of Rønne. Followed by his half-brother Hans Kofoed(c.1550-1623) of Blykobbegård, who used the chevron in his seal in 1595.Hans Kofoed's oldest son Mads Madsen Kofoed (c.1588-1646) used the chevron from 1608, and thus on down through the family.

Jørn Klindt states that in Holstein in the late-1200s and early-1300s there can be found record of a number of Kofoed men: Albertus (-1286-), Henrik, Didrik, and Bertold. In the mid-1300s: Hasse, Johannes and his son Markvard, Frederik, Conrad, Michael of Lübeck, and two other Johannes. In the mid-1400s there were a number of Hanseatic traders: Henrik (-1466-1515) and Hans (died 1481) - both of Lübeck, Hans (-1484-)of Wismar, and Jesper (-1526-). The Hans Kofoed who died in 1481 is known to have had five children: Joakim, Grete, Engel, Anna, and Hans (born 1481). In the early-1500s one of the Kofoed Hansa traders is known to settled on Bornholm: Peder (-1510-1532-) of Rønne.

From the "Dansk adelsvåbner, en heraldisk nøgle", page 92, by Sven Tito Achen, Politikens Forlag, 1973, København:
Kofod. Et koben. Farver og eventuel hjelmfigur kendes ikke. Markvard Kofod, væbner, 1378; afkom ukendt. NDA side 151.

(The above translated to English:)
Kofod. On the shield a cow-foot. Colours and eventual helmet unknown. Markvard Kofod, arms carrier in 1378; no known descendants. NDA page 151.

On Bornholm there were three classes of farms:
1] Proprietairgård(Propr.), earlier called a Friegård - meaning property owned by a freeman("frimand", later called a "proprietær");
2] Selvejergård (Slg.) -meaning a farm owned independently, free of obligations to a property owner - it could be occupied by its owner or rented out to a peasant farmer (bonde);
3] Vornedegård (Vdg.), also spelled Vårnedergård -meaning a farm leased out long-term by a land-owner (proprietær) to atenured peasant farmer; these farms were "attached" to a proprietairgård, and entailed accompanying work obligations by the peasant for the proprietår who held the rights on the farm's lease. These rights were known as the "Herlighedsright" (Glory-right).

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Poul blev gift med nn Ibsdatter før 1548 i Bornholm. nn (datter af Jep Hansen) blev født før 1525 i Bornholm; døde efter 1548 i Bornholm. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.13365 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.8975 (Sommer)
• Alias: Peder Hansen

Notater:

Kure (Prgd. Vellensgård i Nyker)
Proprietærgårdn Vellensgård var een af de oprindelig 18 unummererede gårde som var sædegårde for frimandsslægter, og derfor havde de gårdene med tilhørende fæstegårde samt skattefrihed. Peder Hansen ejede Proprietærgården Vellensgård i Nyker. Han var broder til Bent Hansen på Proprietærgården Eskildsgård i Pedersker. Første gang vi hører om dem var da de sammen med de andre frimænd på øen var til møde med rigsrådets repræsentanter den 06.09.1572. Her omtales de som Peder Hansen og Bendt Hansen til "Vællingsgaard" og "Eskesgaard", Peder Hansen fik to sønner Jørgen Pedersen og Lavrids Pedersen. Det var Jørgen Pedersen der overtog Vellensgård.

Note(kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

According to Kure's farm-list the first known owner of Vellensgård is Peder Hansen, whose sister Mette Hansdatter was married to Peder Hansen Uf of Simlegård. Peder Hansen also owned Eskesgård in Pedersker.

Vellensgård and Eskesgård are classified as "friegård", later called a "proprietair" farm, the highest of the three classes of farms. On Bornholm the farms (in Danish "gård", or old style "gaard") had longstanding official names and numbers, and they were divided into three classifications, in descending order:

1) Proprietairgård (Propr.): a freehold estate (thus also called a Frigård), which could only be owned by a freeman (frimand) or a member of the nobility (adelsmand).

2) Selvejergård (Slg.): meaning a freehold farm owned independently, free of obligations to an estate owner - it could be occupied by its owner or leased to a peasant farmer (bonde). A peasant who owned this type of farm was known as a "selvejerbonde".

3) Vornedegård (Vdg.), two types: a) the first type was part of an estate (i.e. connected to a proprietairgård), the peasants who lived on them were tenants and were obliged to provide labor, known as the "Herlighedsright" (Glory-right), to the owner of the estate; b) the other type was referred to as a "Fri Vornedegård", this type of farm was not connected to an estate and was free of the labor obligation - could beo wned by a freeman and leased to a peasant. A peasant who lived on this class of farms was known as a "fæstebonde" (copyhold peasant).

A map drawn in 1851 shows 17 estate-farms classified as Proprietair: 3 in each of Åker, Ibsker and Nyker parishes; 2 each in Østermarie and Klemensker; and 1 each in Pedersker, Bodilsker, Østerlars, and Olsker. There were hundreds of farms comprising the other two classifications. The typical farm is arranged in a joined U shape, with the farmhouse, barn, pig-stall, and utility-shed all built around a cobble-stone courtyard.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.6737 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.6825 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.8969 (Sommer)

Notater:

Occupation: Mayor (Borgmester) of Rønne.
Drowned on a seavoyage to Copenhagen.
It is not known with certainty who Mads Jensen Kofoed's (born
possibly 1513? or 1517?- died before 1573, possibly 1552?) parents
were: The historian Giessing, in 1786, states that Mads Jensen
Kofoed was the son of Jens Madsen Kofoed and grandson of
Mads Jensen Kofoed of Hasle. According to Julius Bidstrup's
"Familien Koefoed A og B" (published in 1887) his parents might be
Jens Madsen Kofoed and Johanne Thygesdatter, but he is not certain.
Also, Jørn Klindt in his book "På sporet af de første Kofod'er"
(published in 1979) has his doubts on this matter, and can not state
for a fact that any of this is true. Current evidence suggests that
it is likely that Mads Jensen Kofoed was born 1513 in Lund, Skåne
province; however, his parentage is still far from certain. In 1572 a
meeting was held by Bornholm's Parliament to establish who had the
right to the status of "Frimand" (Free-man) on Bornholm: Mads Jensen


Kofoed's sons Jens and Hans Kofoed were in attendance at that
meeting. Of course, that meeting had a broader purpose: a war in
which Lübeck and Danmark had fought side-by-side had ended two years
previously, and there was another three years before the Lübeck 50
year claim to Bornholm was to expire; although Lübeck claimed that it
had been given a further 50 years. In this predicament it was wise
for the King to establish locally situated allies; and Bornholm's
influential free-men, who normally would have been snubbed by the
King and the true nobility, were now in a position to receive
benevolent treatment from the Danish government. At the
"Frimandsmødet" held on September 6, 1572 there were 17 men named as
being in attendance: the brothers Jens and Hans Madsen Kofoed, Peder
Poulsen Kofoed, Oluf Bagge, Peder Uf, Peder Myre, Jørgen Gagge, also
ten other men only listed by their father's name; and at which
occassion three Danish Parlimentary advisers (Rigsråder) had been
sent to preside over the meeting. The Kofoeds had no written proof
of their free-men status; they were only able to give heartfelt and
solemn words about faithful service. It seems they had an inkling of
things to come, and therefore begged the King not to let himself be
"seduced" by Lübeck's representative Sweder Ketting, "because you
might expect that Lübeck only plotted to keep our island under their
yoke." This is the first record in which we find the Kofoeds being
mentioned as "frimænd". We know that they were related to Oluf Bagge
and Peder Uf, and probably to several of the others. The question
remains: did they already have claim to free-man status, or did they
take advantage of the King's need for loyal followers - seeking
acknowledgement of that status from their peers on Bornholm? It
seems that they had to make certain commitments to the King in
exchange for the full rights to free-man status. Two of the newly
appointed free-men had an important mission to Lübeck the following
year. On September 6, 1573 King Frederik 2. wrote a letter to Lübeck
stating: "Our citizens, the brothers Peter and Jens Kofoth" have
applied to Lübeck's government for verification of their vital
statistics, so as, among other things, they are free to serve their
King - who then requests the Lübeck council to give sympathetic
consideration to their case and verify their births in Lübeck's
records. We often find such vital statistics proofs attached to the
documents in probate court cases, they were actually signed by the
parish "Elders" before the church parish registers (kirkebøger) came
into use. They were especially essential if disagreement arose among
the heirs. In the Lübeck family registry for 1573 we find the
following entry: Kofoedt, Matthias, dead before 1573 on Bornholm,
his wife: Johanna; their children: Peter, Jens, Boel - married to
Oluf Bagge; Anneke - married to Michael Abraham. The reason that the
family is registered in Lübeck exactly in 1573 is of course the
application the brothers made that same year for their vital
statistics. According to Jørn Klindt's "På sporet af de første
Kofod'er" it appears that Gunhild Uf and Mads Kofoed were already
married by 1547. The Lübeck legal-registry of 1573 states that a
woman named Johanne was Mads Kofoed's wife and mother to four of his
children; so accordingly it is not absolutely certain who was the
mother of which of Mads Kofoed's children. The fact that in 1573
Johanne was stated as the mother of Mads Kofoed's children may be a
reflection of their legal relationship, rather than blood ties. Nor
is it known for a fact which wife came first: Gunhild Uf or Johanne
Jensdatter Myre? The exact birth years of his children are not
known, but they are all thought to have been born between 1540-50.
Jørn Klindt further writes that more information about Mads Kofoed is
surely there to be found in the archives of København, or in Gottorp
and Potsdam - where the remnants of Lübeck's archives are now held.
As mayor for Rønne township Mads Kofoed was an influential man on
Bornholm, so it would be rather peculiar if there weren't more traces
of him to be found. It could be that he is the same person as the
Mads Kofoed known to have died during a sea-voyage to København in
1552. Part of the difficulty in answering this question lies in the
fact that one Lübeck entry states he died "before 1573" and another
states "in 1573"; which is correct and which in error? Mr. Klindt
asks the following questions: What was the case of the vital
statistics about? Why was it that Hans Kofoed, who on Bornholm was
considered to be Jens Kofoed's brother, did not appear on the 1573
Lübeck registry as part of the family? But, of course, who will
research this? Who has the ability, resources, inclination, and
time? His son Jens Kofoed is known to have died in 1625, an old man
around 80 years old. The same is said of Hans Kofoed who died in
1623, and he is with greater certainty considered to be the son of
Gunhild Uf, as he is not mentioned in the Lübeck registry of 1573 as
a son of Johanna and Mads Kofoed. Hans Kofoed has been listed by
Bornholm's first historian Rasmus Ravn (who lived from 1603-77) to be
the brother of the Judge Jens Madsen Kofoed; that he was not listed
in the Lübeck family registry of 1573 makes for a stronger case that
he was in fact half-brother to Jens Madsen Kofoed. Further proof that
the two men were brothers can be seen by the fact that Hans Kofoed's
sons were made the heirs to Jens Madsen Kofoed's property. Chief
Justice Jens Kofoed had no direct heirs at the time of his death, so
the four sons of his brother Hans Kofoed, and a certain Albert Hansen
- on account of his wife Karina Mikkelsdatter, were made heirs to his
reportedly large fortune. For who else was there left in 1625 to
inherit? His brother Peder had long since died, as well as his
children. His sister Boel's children with Oluf Bagge had left the
island. His sister Anneke had married a Michael/Mikkel Abraham, a
common Bornholm name, and so a daughter from their marriage would
have been known as "Mikkelsdatter", which leads us to Karina being
Jens Kofoed's niece. Working from the facts as I know them leads me
to the following two possible senarios: 1) That Johanne Jensdatter
Myre was Mads Jensen Kofoed's first wife, they probably married
around 1540; they had four children and before 1547 Johanne dies.
Around 1547 Mads Kofoed marries Gunhild Uf - they have a son, Hans,
born around 1547-50. 2) That Gunhild Uf was Mads Jensen Kofoed's
first wife, they probably married around 1540; within a year of
giving birth to Hans, around1542, Gunhild Uf died. Mads Kofoed then,
around 1543, marries Johanne - with whom he had at least four
children who lived to adulthood. The first senario is generally
thought to be the most likely, but that is just a guess. The key to
this question is: Were Gunhild Uf and Mads Jensen Kofoed married
before or in 1547? In the land-registry testimony of Bornholm's Land-
Register, dated May 22, 1522, is mentioned a P. Kofod as mayor of
Rønne; but whether or not he was related to "Familien Koefoed A or B"
is not known. (Høbertz, Documentation of Bornholm's History, p. 63)

Mads blev gift med Gunhild Uf cirka 1547 i Bornholm. Gunhild (datter af Hans Olufsen Uf) blev født cirka 1525 i Simblegård, Klemensker Sogn; døde efter 1552 i Bornholm. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.6738 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.6826 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.8970 (Sommer)

Notater:

The parentage of Gunhild Uf is uncertain and disputed. She must have
been born between 1500 and 1532. What seems to be agreed is that she is
the descendant of Otte Pedersen Uf, the owner of Skovsholm in Ibsker
parish. Some say she is his daughter's daughter (datterdatter). Other's
that she is the daughter of his son Anders Uf, from Otte's first marriage
to Kirsten Galen. It has also been suggested by Sigvard Mahler Dam that
she is the daughter of Otte Pedersen Uf's grandson Hans Olufsen Uf
(1510-1574); possibly because she gave her son with Mads Jensen Kofoed
the name Hans - after her father?

It is known that in 1547 Gunhild's husband Mads Jensen Kofoed represented
her in a legal dispute with Mogens Uf (died 1565) concerning inherited
property from the estate of the deceased Oluf Tuesen. This implies that
there is a close relationship with Mogens Uf; some have suggested they
are brother and sister, others that they are cousins. Considering that
Oluf Tuesen died in 1500, it seems unlikely that Gunhild is his daughter
- as she would have been approaching 50 at the time of the birth of her
son, Hans Madsen Kofoed. Possibly she is the daughter of Oluf Tuesen's
brother-in-law Oluf Ottesen Uf? Or, as Sigvard Mahler Dam has suggested,
the daughter of Oluf's son Hans?

* * * * *
The following has been extracted from a translation of the article
"Landet Borringholm: Bornholmsk-skånske slægtskredse", by Sigvard Mahler
Dam, published in SAXO, 1986:

After the murder of Mogens Ufs' father Oluf Tuesen, his widow
(Margrethe?) went through hard times, but her brothers helped her prove
to Commander van Haffn which of the farms were her own inheritance, and
these were eventually given back to her. Her brothers helped with the
management, but then a pivotal event took place, which later caused a
devastating family feud over inheritance. Apparently Oluf Ottesen
purchased some property from the widow, and in the later court case some
letters and documents supposedly were proof thereof, but her son, Mogens
Uf, maintained that the family had unlawfully confiscated said property.

In 1547 Mogens Uf, still exiled from Bornholm, came to blows with his own
family and took them to the highest court in the land:

(In the original old Danish)
"Mogens W til Odersbiergh citat hustru Gunildt, Mattis Kofoedt paa
Bornholm med deres medarvinger for noget jordegods som de gør dem
forhindring paa smst. efter Oluf Tuesens død smst."

The case concerns Mogens Uf's inheritance from his mother, against
Gunhild Uf, who must be a descendant of his mother's brother, Oluf
Ottesen. Gunhild's husband, Mads Jensen Kofoed, sailed to København on
behalf of his wife and her co-heirs (who were under-aged). Mads won the
case and returned home able to keep the deeds to the farms contested by
Mogens Uf. But in 1552 Mogens Uf is back again to haunt Gunhild's family
(78):

(In the original old Danish)
"Oluff Hansz paa sine egne og metarfvingers Otte Persz arfvinger vegne,
beretter at Mogens W forfølger dem for noget jordegods og skifte, og de
have forfulgt sagen og bragt den for Rigets Kantsker, og til den ende
afsendt Mads Kofoedt med deres breve og beviser, men han er drunknet paa
veien og Brevskaberne forkomne, hvorfor det paalægges landsdommeren Hans
Reymer, at han er dem behjælpelig til endnu engang at faa beskrevet hvad
der er gaaet for sig i sagen."

"Mogens W" had sued Oluf Hansen and Otte Pedersen's heirs for some
property and Mads Kofoed had again been sent to København with
documents. Sadly, Mads drowned underway and the documents were lost.

That same day the king sent a letter to his bailiff on Bornholm, Henning
Gagge, requesting that he quickly settle the case between Mogens Uf and
Otte Pedersen's heirs. It had become bothersome to the king, the very
men he depended upon to resist the Lübeckers were about to destroy
everything with their family feuding. How the court case ended is not
known, but it seems that Mogens Uf lost again.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,
Ontario, copyright 1990-2002.

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.6739 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.6827 (Garde)

Claus blev gift med Margrethe von Schinckel. Margrethe blev født cirka 1535 i Tyskland; døde i 1598 i Bornholm. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.6682 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 13.6740 (Garde)

Notater:

Skovsholm

Notater:

According to "Frimandsslægten Kofoeds ældste Led" by M.K. Zahrtmann, Jep Hansen was a Reeve (Sandemand) who lived in Vestermarie parish in 1563.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 15.17949 (Sommer)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 15.26729 (Garde)

Notater:

Note(kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

Sigvard Mahler Dam's theory on the family connections of what he has named "The Bjergegaard Family" is based largely on a reinterpretation of the so called "Hummerklo" arms. According to Sigvard the "Hummerklo" is actually a "Geddekæft" (pike's jawbone), a symbol of speed - as knights used to fasten a pike's jawbone into the nostrils (næsebor) of their horses, making them run fast and wild.

Jørgen Gagge and his wife Margrethe/Merete Pedersdatter had a memorial made in 1601 to honour her parents: Peder Hansen (Uf) and "Mette Hans Pedersens Datter". This was in the from of a large church bell for Klemensker Church, which later disappeared - probably melted down for its metal. Laurids de Thurah reports (in "Omstændelig og tilforladelig Beskrivelse over Bornholm og Christiansøe", 1756 - he was an official on Bornholm) that the bell displayed two arms: one with a "Gavlsparre" (chevron), the other with what he called a "Giedde Kieften". The Uf-family arms displayed a chevron. This would seem to indicate that Mette Hansdatter's father Hans Pedersen's arms displayed a "Geddekæft" (pike's jawbone)!

Another instance of the "Geddekæft" can be found in Julius Bidstrup's book on the "Familien Koefoed - B", in which he writes that by the altar of the now demolished Østermarie Church there was a gravestone with three copper plates (which no longer exist) for Peder Kofoed (died 1616) and his two wives. The first with the initials "P.K.", for Peder Kofoed, which depicted his arms, the hoof or "foot" of a cow ("foden af en kue" or "et koben"). The second plate is engraved "E.H.G.D." for: Elsebeth Henning Gagge's Daughter; her arms depicts a half mill-wheel (halv kaggehjul) and a chevron (sparre). The third is engraved "I.P.H.D." for: Inger Peder Hansen's Daughter; her arms depicts what he stated looked like a "kindben" (cheek-bone). This tells us that Inger can not be either the daughter of Peder Hansen (Myre) of Fuglesangsgård, 6' Vdg. Ibsker parish (whose arms depicts 3 ants), or the daughter of Peder Hansen (Uf) of Simlegård in Klemensker parish (whose arms displays a chevron). Sigvard Mahler Dam believes that this so called "Kindben" is identical to the "Geddekæft" (pike's jawbone) arms of "Mette Hans Pedersens Datter".

Mette Hansdatter's husband Peder Hansen Uf (died 1596) owned a number of the Myre-family farms, including Fuglsangsgård (later known as Gaggegård, still later as: I Klinteby), 6' Vdg. in Ibsker. For several generations Fuglsangsgård had been a Myre-family farm; first known to have been owned by Truid Myre (died circa 1489). It has been assumed that Mette Hansdatter inherited the family farms of two brothers from the Bornholmer Myre-family (Peder and Truid), which would seem to point to Mette being a close relative. As a result some have concluded that she is their sister, and thus daughter of Hans Pedersen Myre of Fuglsangsgård, 6' Vdg. Ibsker. However, as has been stated above the Myre-family arms depicted 3 ants.

Dr. M.K. Zarthmann, in the 1930s, wrote: "Jørgen Gagge gave a beautifulmemorial in honour of his parents-in-law Peder Hansen Uf and MetteHansdatter, because in 1601 he had cast a large church bell, embossedwith the Uf-family's chevron-emblem and the Myre-family's crawling ant."Zarthmann made the change from Thurah's "Giedde Kieften" to that of one(1) crawling ant! Possibly because he was believed that Mette Hansdatterwas the daughter of Hans Pedersen Myre?

According to Sigvard Mahler Dam's article "De bornholmske væbnerslægterUf og Splid - noget nyt om deres våbener" (published in HeraldiskTidsskrift, 1982), Peder Hansen Uf and his wife Mette Hansdatter donateda pew to Saint Clement's Church. In a journal, a description of thedonation reads "Clement's Church: door to pew, carved oak framed withsmooth fir planks - showing helmeted arms with vesselhorn and thefollowing markings: a shield with an upside down "Gavlsparre" (chevron)design, and the other shield sporting a "halv Hummerklo" (half lobsterclaw), Chief Justice Peder Hansen Uf and wife Margrethe Hansdatter. Thedoor was painted green, the arms and the door frame painted red andwhite. Height 84 centimeters, length 56 centimeters. . ."

Zarthmann never did see the bell for himself, so we must look to Thurah'smuch earlier, and impartial, account of the (no longer existing) bell,and conclude that the set of arms on the pew door, described as a "halvHummerklo" (which can be seen on the pew door to this very day), isidentical to Thurah's "Giedde Kieften" on the Klemensker bell.

In "Landsdommer-Patriciatet på Bornholm", part 2 (published in SAXO,1988), Sigvard states that Hans Pedersen (-1537-1543-) of Bjergegård, 9'Vdg. Vestermarie, is the brother of Laurids Pedersen (died circa 1550?),who was chief justice (Landsdommer) of Bornholm between 1537 and 1545.

At the "Frimandsmødet" held on September 6, 1572 there were 17 men namedas being in attendance: 1. Jacob Iversen, Landsdommer; 2. Mester Peder W(= Peder [Mogensen] Uf); the brothers 3. Peder Hansen; and 4. BentHansen; 5. Jørgen Pedersen; 6. Peder (Madsen) Kofoed; 7. Oluf Madsen; 8.Oluf Bagge; 9. Hans Mogensen, as he was away at the king's court he wasrepresented by his father Mogens Hansen; 10. Peder (Hansen) Myre; 11.Jørgen Gagge; 12. Berent Hansen (= Berild Hansen); 13. Laurids Pedersen;14. Jens (Madsen) Kofoed; 15. Christen (Clausen) Kiøller; 16. PederHansen (Uf); and 17. Hans (Madsen) Kofoed. Three advisers to the DanishParliment (Rigsråder) had been sent to preside over the meeting, namely:Biørn Kaas of Starupgaard, Biørn Andersen of Stenholt, and Jørgen Marsvinof Dybæk. The group expressed heartfelt and solemn words about faithfulservice to the crown; and it seems they had an inkling of things to come,and therefore begged the King not to let himself be "seduced" by Lübeck'srepresentative Sveder Ketting, "because you might expect that Lübeck onlyplotted to keep our island under their yoke." This was during the periodin which Bornholm was strongly under the influence (and rulership) of theHanseatic League free-city of Lübeck; the Bornholmers felt greatly putupon by the high taxes, unfair rules, and high-handedness of theLübeckers. Contrary to the opinion of latter historians they must haveconvinced the envoys, as on the 9th of September the freemen were grantedthe right to gather shipwrecks from the beaches, hunt in the woods, aswell as given full authority over their servants - a great victory forthe freemen.

In Sigvard's article "Over hals og hoved" (SAXO, 1991) he mentions thatthe wife of Truid Myre (died 1574), of Myregård i Olsker parish, is saidto have had a arms (våben) that looked like a half-bow with severalspikes (en halvbue med nogle spidser), also with a helmet withvesselhorns; this is could very easily be a description of the pike'sjawbone (lobster claw) arms.

Sigvard makes the conclusion that Inger's father Peder Hansen isidentical to the Peder Hansen (-1565-1581-) of Vellensgård, Nykerparish. He states that Peder Hansen of Vellensgård is the brother ofBendt Hansen (-1565-1572-), of Eskesgård in Pedersker parish, who alsomay have owned a farm at Kysten in Ibsker parish. Bendt is recorded ashaving taken possession of a shipwreck off Ibsker's coast, somethingallowed for a nobleman, but the king only recognized him as a freeman,and thus was summoned on November 26, 1565 to appear before the"Herredagen" (High Court) in København. This also lead to the conclusionthat Mette Hansdatter is the sister of Bendt Hansen and Peder Hansen.And that they are the children of a Hans Pedersen who had a "Geddekæft"arms. (Again, this has led some to come to the conclusion that they areall the children of Hans Pedersen Myre of Fuglsangsgård, 6' Vdg. Ibsker.However, again, Hans Pedersen Myre's arms depicted 3 black ants.) Itmust also be noted here that the gravestone of Truid Hansen Myre's wifein Olsker display's the "Geddekæft" image; so she is likely the sister ofLaurids Pedersen and Hans Pedersen, and as such was the aunt of MetteHansdatter! Yet another close family connection for Peder Hansen Uf andMette Hansdatter to the Myre-family!

The following has been extracted from a translation of the article"Landet Borringholm: Bornholmsk-skånske slægtskredse", by Sigvard MahlerDam, published in SAXO, 1986: ". . . the case was put before the"Landsting" (provincial congress) in Åkirkeby on May 22, 1522. Thedetails were discussed, witnesses were heard, and finally a document wasdrawn up and sealed by the most important officials on Bornholm: 1) theCommander of Hammershus, Niels Ibsen; 2) Jørgen Hals' step-brother ChiefJustice Oluf Ottesen (Uf); 3) Jørgen Gagge, who had been made a freeman20 years previously and was an illegitimate born member of theGagge-family of Skåne; 4) Hans Borgeby of Bjerregård; 5) Anders Kos inIbsker parish (of Kåsegård); 6) and the immigrant from Lübeck, PederKofoed, 7) and Morten Lassen, both mayors in Rønne; 8) Lauritz Jul froman old an distinguished family and a bailiff in Østermarie parish; 9)Hans Pedersen from the same parish, who later married Jørgen Hals'sdaughter; 10) and finally the document was signed by the bailiff for Åkerparish, Peder Munck."

(Note: Sigvard seems to have either changed his mind, or miss statedhimself, regarding the above Hans Pedersen (nr. 9) of Østermarie parish -his later writing show that he believes Hans Pedersen to be the same manwho later married the daughter of Anne Hals - the sister of Jørgen Hals -and Poul Olsen of Bjergegård.)

So based on the writtings of Sigvard Mahler Dam, we have a number ofpeople who would seem to be connected to the "Geddekæft" arms in themid-1500s: 1) Peder Kofoed's wife "Inger Peder Hansens Datter"(-1585-1600-); 2) Jørgen Pedersen (died 1588) of Vellensgård in Nykerparish; 3) Laurids Pedersen (-1572-1581-), of Eskesgård in Pederskerparish; 4) Peder Hansen Uf's wife "Mette Hans Pedersens Datter"(-1554?-1574?-); 5) Peder Hansen (-1572-1581-) of Vellensgård in Nykerparish; 6) Bendt Hansen (-1572-), of Eskesgård in Pedersker parish; 7)Chief Justice Laurids Pedersen (-1537-1550-); and 8) Hans Pedersen(-1522?-1537-) of Bjergegård, 9' Vdg. Vestermarie; 9) the wife of TruidHansen Myre (died 1574) of Store Myregård, 5' Vdg. Olsker.

Little is known about Hans Pedersen's parents. Like Hans Pedersen, andbrother Laurids Pedersen, their father Peder probably had the "Geddekæft"arms, and would not have been a member of the Myre-family. An additionalfamily connection could have come through the wife of Truid Hansen Myre -the couple died childless; the couple's gravestone in the Olsker Churchshows the 3 ants of the Myre arms, and the geddekæft/hummerklo arms ofthe Bjergegaard-family. Sigvard speculates that she is the daughter ofHans Pedersen (-1537-1543-) of Bjergegård, 9' Vdg. Vestermarie. Thisprovides us with an opening to speculate on the reason for MetteHansdatter and Peder Hansen Uf obtaining the Myre-family's farms:possibly Mette's father's mother is the daughter of Hans (Pedersen) Myre(mentioned in 1518, dead by 1531) of Fuglsangsgård? And as a result sheand her husband were in line to inherit the farms?

So, in conclusion, the evidence that Inger Pedersdatter, Jørgen Pedersen,and Laurids Pedersen are the children of Peder Hansen of Vellensgård, andthat Peder Hansen, Mette Hansdatter, and Bendt Hansen are the children ofHans Pedersen of Bjergegård - brother of Chief Justice Laurids Pedersen,is very circumstantial - but it is the best theory I have seen so far!Sigvard Mahler Dam refers to this family as the "Bjergegaard-Family",because of their association with the farm of that name: Bjergegård (akaBjerregaard), 9' Vdg. Vestermarie parish.

- Norman Lee Madsen, April 5, 2003.

Extracted from the artictle "Landsdommer-Patriciatet på Bornholm", part2, by Sigvard Mahler Dam, published in SAXO, 1988:
There was need for a new chief justice (in 1537) after two previousunfortunate experiences (which the Lübeckers had with Jens Hansen Myreand Mogens Uf), it can be expect thtat the Lübeckers got a legaljugdement compeling the Danish king to make a particular appoint. In anycase there is good reason to interpret that the choosen mand was on goodterms with Lübeck. Now begins politics as his family's legacy!Lübeckers supported his family on Bornholm; the king supported his exiledopponents on Herredagen (the court of appeal to the king). The chiefjustice had one brother, Hans Pedersen, whose wife's mother (to whom hewas guardian), Anne, disputed over Myregård in Åker parish with theexiled Per Andersen.

Madam Anne's second husband, Hans Borreby, had bequeathed her Myregård,although they had no children together it was legal according to SkåneLaw so long as the gift not more than half share of the total estate.Madam Anne got the Lübeck bailiff to throw Per Andersen off the farm.Per Andersen was surely no paragon of virtue during their feud in 1535,as he was an exile (along with Mogens Uf) by 1537 - taking refuge inKøbenhavn, and he cited Madam Anne to the Herredagen (his wife was HansBorreby's sister), and there he was awarded Myregård via Jyske(Jutlander) Law! And it was hardly by chance. . . .

The antagonism between the crown and Lübeck was also expressed throughthe property that accompanies the high court position. The property,which previously had enriched the magistrate before the reformation ofthe archbishopric in Lund, now belonged under the king's ecclesiasticaljurisdiction. The crown's property lay under Hammershus, and so was nowunder Lübeck's jurisdiction. It goes without saying that the moreproperty the king's own bailiff was able to prove did not belonged to thecrown (administered under Hammershus), but rather to the ecclesiasticaljurisdiction (which was the king's personal property on the island!),well all the better!!! Lübeck had endowed the chief justice with anuncertain number of farms, 3 of them the king's bailiff had deprive tohim under the reasoning that they belonged under ecclesiasticaljurisdiction, even though the farms had for 18 years had beenadministered by Hammershus, which were the farms the chief justiceadministered to profit from their rent.

On the 13th of June 1543 petitioned Laurids Pedersen's brother HansPedersen be endowed with one of the 3 farms, and here again is referenceto the uncertainty as to where the appeal should be heard. The chiefjustice had in the winter of 1542-43 complained to Lübeck about thelossed income from the three missing farms, which King Christian III'sman Stig Pors had confiscated because they had previously been underecclesiastical jurisdiction (and thus now belonged to the crown), andinquired about the above endowments, now wrote to the councilmen inLübeck in reference to the bailiff, who had okayed the endowment of afarm to the magistrate, provided he promised to lend an ear to thebailiff's advice and employed him! Open bribery. Considering the factthat none of Hans Pedersen's three children later held Bjergegård itseems likely that one the farms confiscated by the crown was Bjergegård;this is bolstered by the fact that the farm is known to have been ownedby the crown in 1606.

The last occasion we encounter Laurids Pedersen with surety, is on the10th of June 1545 where he in one apparent tolerably Lübeck-disposedsociety was signatory to a woman's confession after "pinligt forhør"(torture, literally: painful test), as to how she had tried to poison theLübeck bailiff, Blasius a Wickede, at the request of the bailiff's ownwife. The second of undersigner was the succeeding chief justice - alsoa friend to Lübeck - Hans Reimer, then the mayor of Rønne.

Laurids Pedersen was without doubt childless. His brother Hans Pedersenhad a daughter, Mette (Hansdatter), who later married a future chiefjustice (Peder Hansen Uf), and also a great-grandchild, Karen(Jørgensdatter), who likewise would marry a future chief justice (MadsHansen Kofoed). Neither of his sons (Peder and Bendt Hansen) were laterable to attain a high court seat, although one was involved in a jointjudgement: on 13th of September 1583 chief justice Peder Hansen (Uf) and3 freemen, including Bendt Hansen, addressed the citizens (borgere) ofNexø concerning the matter of salvage money.

About the family before Laurids and Hans Pedersen nothing is known. Itis interesting however that the family-arms are the same as the extinctfamily Split: on a red field a white half lobster claw, on the helmet twowhite vesselhorns (i rødt feldt en hvid halv hummerklo, på hjelmen tohvide vesselhorn). The arms are known for the above mentioned MetteHansdatter and her husband, Peder Hansen (Uf), on a still preserved pewseat hung in Klemensker church. Also known is the report of a gravestonein Østermarie, for Peder Kofoed and his two wives, Elsebeth Gagge andInger Peder Hansens Datter. Inger was the niece of Madam Mette, and thereport describes "et våben nærmest som et kindben" (an arms adjacent witha cheekbone); note: if the lobster claw image is turned point up it lookssimilar to the lower jaw from a skull. An interesting example ofcombination family-arms on the island displays a Kofoed chevron"straddled across" one such lobster claw with point up.

Lastly, an interesting possible tracing concerns the family's many latergenerations of residence at Eskegård in Pedersker, which may be placed incontext regarding "Væbner" (arms carrier) Hans Bentsen of said farm,mention in 1429 by chief justice Peter Bosen.

From the Landbohistorisk Selskab website (Adkomstregistering for theyears 1513 through 1550), for the year 1537:

1537-461: Anne bonde i Myregård, enke efter Hans Borigbøg; Ellen (Eline)bonde, gift med Peder Andersen på Bornholm, senere i Myregård, søster tilafdøde Hans Borigbøg i Myregård; Hans Borigbøg bonde, døde, i Myregård,gift med Anne; Peder Andersen bonde på Bornholm, senere i "Myregård",gift med Elline, søster til afdøde Hans Borigbøg ibid; Bornholm ø;Myregård Bornholm, sikkert Sønder hered, mon Pedersker sogn(?), eventueltÅker eller Povlsker sogn.

1537-462: Anne bonde i Myregård, enke efter Hans Borigbøg; Bernt Knop,lybsk foged på Bornholm; Hans Borigbøg bonde, døde, i Myregård, gift medAnne; Henning Thomesen, tinghører i Bornholms Sønder herred, mon = kongChristian II's foged på Hammershus(?); Jens Hansen bonde [???],landsdommer på Bornholm; Bornholm ø; Bornholms Sønder herred; MyregårdBornholm, sikkert Sønder herred, mon Pedersker sogn(?), eventuelt Åkereller Povlsker sogn.

1537-463 ; Anne bonde i Myregård, enke efter Hans Borigbøg; Hans Borigbøgbonde, døde, i Myregård, gift med Anne; Myregård Bornholm, sikkert Sønderherred, mon Pedersker sogn(?), eventuelt Åker eller Povlsker sogn.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

***

The following has been extracted from a translation of the article
"Landet Borringholm: Bornholmsk-skånske slægtskredse", by Sigvard Mahler
Dam, published in SAXO, 1986:

. . . . the case was put before the "Landsting" (Senate) in Åkirkeby on
May 22, 1522. The details were discussed, witnesses were heard, and
finally a document was drawn up and sealed by the most important
officials on Bornholm: 1) the Commander of Hammershus, Niels Ibsen; 2)
Jørgen Hals' step-brother Chief Justice Oluf Ottesen (Uf); 3) Jørgen
Gagge, who had been made a freeman 20 years previously and was an
illegitimate born member of the Gagge-family of Skåne; 4) Hans Borgeby of
Bierregård; 5) Anders Kos in Ibsker parish (of Kåsegård); 6) and the
invaders from Lübeck, Peder Kofoed, 7) and Morten Lassen, both mayors in
Rønne; 8) Lauritz Jul from an old an distinguished family and a bailiff
in Østermarie parish; 9) Hans Pedersen from the same parish, who later
married Jørgen Hals' daughter; 10) and finally the document was signed by
the bailiff for Åker parish, Peder Munck.

* * * *
Hans Pedersen mentioned in a record dated 1491. Våben: I rødt felt en
hvid halv hummerklo (Coat-of-arms: On a red field a white half
lobster-claw). Possibly the same person as the above "Hans Pedersen from
the same parish, who later married Jørgen Hals' daughter"?

Hans Pedersen's widow is known to have been alive in 1523 and in 1537.

Michael EneRiis database states that Hans Pedersen's son Bendt Hansen and
grandson Laurids Pedersen attended the 1572 "Frimandsmødet"; it also
links them, and Jørgen Pedersen (died 1588) of Vellensgård, to the
"hummerklo" coat-of-arms.

At the "Frimandsmødet" held on September 6, 1572 there were 17 men named
as being in attendance: the brothers Jens and Hans Madsen Kofoed, Peder
Poulsen Kofoed, Oluf Bagge, Peder Uf, Peder Myre, Jørgen Gagge, Bendt
Hansen, Laurids Pedersen, and also eight other men only listed by their
patronyms; and at which occassion three Danish Parlimentary advisers
(Rigsråder) had been sent to preside over the meeting. This special
meeting was held to establish who on Bornholm had the right to call
themselves a "Frimand" (Free-man), a title which conveyed the upper-class
standing of the landed-gentry.

* * * *
1572: Bendt Hansen deltog i mødet om hvem der var frimænd på Bornholm.
Våben: Hummerklo.

In "Ludvig Kristian Kure's aner", af Aage Kure, (published in 1998), he
is listed under heading: "Hummerklo" (Lobster-claw).

In "Danmarks Adelsårbog", 1901, page 231:
Hans Myre held the status of free-man (frimand). He inherited 6' Vdg.
Fuglsangsgård, in Klinteby, Ibsker parish. Owner also of Bjergegård, 24'
Vdg. Åker. In 1511 he is named in Anders Galen's will (testamente) on
his wife's behalf; disputed with Jørgen Hals about inheritance. His
wife's mother, Anna Hals is sister to Jørgen Hals. Anna and Jørgen's
mother is n.n. Andersdatter Galen, of the skåne noble-family.
Myre-family's noble coat-of-arms displays three "myrer" (ants). . . .

Mette Hansdatter inherited a number of the Myre-family farms, including
Fuglsangsgård (later known as Gaggegård, still later as: I Klinteby), 6'
Vdg. in Ibsker. Mette also owned Pæregård, 3' Vdg. (Nylars or
Østerlars?), which she probably brought into her marriage Peder Hansen Uf
as a dowry, as the farm thereafter became part of Simblegård's
estate-lands - which her husband had inherited. She inherited the
Myre-family farm: Store Myregård in Åker parish, which had previously
been owned by Peder Hansen Myre (died 1572). After Mette inherited her
brother Truid Myre's farms, they too were included as part of
Simblegård's estate-lands. Later Mette's daughter Margrethe/Merete
Pedersdatter's children inherited some of the properties: Claus Gagge
inherited 6' Vdg. Ibsker, and Sivert Gagge inherited Store Myregård in
Åker. Margrethe's first husband Henning Gagge died in 1606, and she
shortly thereafter married Hans Grabow/Grabau. Hans Grabow took over
Simblegård in 1609, and after his death in 1626 it went to his son,
Joachim/Jochum, from a previous marriage. In 1632 Joachim Grabow
exchanged 24 farms with the king, and also sold six farms to private
buyers.

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto,
Ontario, copyright 1990-2001.

Hans blev gift med NN Poulsdatter cirka 1524. NN (datter af Poul Olsen og Anne Hals) blev født cirka 1490 i 9. vgd. Store Bjergegård, Vestermarie Sogn; døde efter 1537 i 9. vgd. Store Bjergegård, Vestermarie Sogn. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 15.17950 (Sommer)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 15.26730 (Garde)

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.13473 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.13649 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 15.17937 (Sommer)

Jens blev gift med Johanne Thygesdatter cirka 1505 i Bornholm. Johanne blev født cirka 1485 i Hasle; døde efter 1514 i Bornholm. [Gruppeskema] [Familietavle]

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.13474 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.13650 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 15.17938 (Sommer)

Notater:

Reference: KGD

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Beskæftigelse: Proprietær
• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.13475+826 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 15.17939 (Sommer)

Notater:

Note(kopieret juli 2019 fra Norman Lee Madsens database)

Hans Olufsen (Uf) was a secretary in the king's chancellery from 1592 until 1597, and later the "Lensmand" (Feudal Lord) at Vardøhus (in Vardø parish, Finnmark county, Norway) in 1599. Hans Olufsen was the owner of Gyldensgård, 17' Vdg. Østermarie; which he later sold to his father's brother Peder Hansen (Uf) of Simlegård in Klemensker parish. Hans Olufsen died in 1601, the last male member of the so called "Sparre-Uf" branch of the family. The seal (arms and helmet) he used in 1599 is identical to that used by Oluf Ottesen (Uf) in 1522.

* * *

Hans Olsen was appointed the district governor for Finnmark in 1597. Christen Skredder was brought before the court at Vardøhus Castle in 1601. He was as a wealthy man who owned 80 daler, he also owned a turfhut, a boathouse and som outbuildings at Østersanden, as well as threedrying racks for fish and some sticks for building drying racks. He was accused of practising witchcraft together with the Sami Morten Olsen, of casting a fatal spell on District Governor Hans Olsen in May 1601. He was convicted of the practice of witchcraft. His estated devolved to the King, and was to be brought to Vardøhus Castle. Sentenced to death by fire at the stake.

Note: the following article incorrectly identify Hans Olufsen (Uf) as being a member of the Kofoed-family.

From the article "Exporting the Devil across the North Sea: John Cunningham and the Finnmark Witch-Hunt", by Liv Helene Willumsen, p. 52, in "Scottish Witches and Witch-Hunters" edited by Julian Goodare (Reader in History, University of Edinburgh), 2013:

The next district governor of Finnmark, therefore, was a good seafarer, a man who could take quick decisions and deal with unexpected problems, and a loyal servant. In addition, he was a person who was trusted to deal with the witches of the north - a problem of which the king had become aware during his visit to the northernmost parts of his kingdom, Finnmark and Kola, in 1599. The ethnic conditions in the very north of King Christian's kingdom were distinctive, with Norwegian and Sami populations living side by side. Sami males had a reputation for sorcery all over Europe at the time, being particularly well versed in selling wind to seafarers. The new century made the king even more concerned about the danger of sorcery. The sudden death in 1601 of the governor of Finnmark, Hans Olsen Kofoed, was blamed on Sami sorcery, and the result was the first two witchcraft trials in Finnmark of Christen the Tailor and the Sami Morten Olsen. No wonder that Christian IV in 1609 wrote to the next district governor, Claus Gagge, warning him to beware of witchcraft, especially Sami sorcery, and to show no mercy in such cases.

From "Images, Representations and the Self-Perception of Magic among the Sami Shamans of Arctic Norway, 1592-1692", chapter 14, by Rune Blix Hagenin "Contesting Orthodoxy in Medieval and Early Modern Europe: Heresy, Magic and Witchraft", editors Louise Nyholm Kallestrup and Raisa Maria Toivo, 2017:

As we have seen, the Danes knew of the strong rumours concerning Sami sorcery, as did many others throughout early modern Europe. Even though numerous witches had been put to death at the stake throughout Norway and Denmark, at the end of the sixteenth century no one had yet instigated asimilar policy of persecution directed at the Sami for their particular skills. But not too many years would elapse before King Christian IV turned into a monarch agitated by demons and eager to pursue and hunt down all kinds of sorcery - including Sami sorcery. As a collective group, the Sami posed a threat to the territorial expansion of Denmark-Norway, its state building and its endeavours to spread civilization and Christianity in the far North.

Since Christian IV turned the northern regions into his first major foreign adventure, he made sure that an efficient and energetic commanding officer was stationed at Vardøhus. The Dane Hans Olsen Koefoed was endowed with Vardøhus Fortress, and the county of Finnmark, in June 1597. The man travelled across great expanses of land in northern Norway in the winter of 1597/98 and the supsequent winter to investigate Swedish taxation of the Sami. Conscientiously, he presented his findings to the king. It is likely that Koefoed's report on the Swedish drive towards the coast of north Norway was what convinced Christian IV himself to sail northwards. . . ."

This database researched and compiled by Norman Lee Madsen, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Andre Begivenheder og Egenskaber:

• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.13477 (Garde)
• Ane-nr.: Ane 14.13654 (Garde)

Notater:

Side 367. 1791. 27. Juni.
Hedevig Gregersdatter, enke, 15. Sg.g. Nylars.
Afg. Michael Icomand.
3 døt.
A: Marie Michelsdatter, gm. Jørgen Jørgensen, Kong. Tj. Værge:
Svoger, Søren Jørgensen
B: Sidselle Michel/ Icomandsdatter, ( begge navne står der) gm.
Søren Jørgensen, udb. 14 0g 16. Sg.g. Nylars.
C: Johanne Michelsdatter, gm. Herman Pedersen, udb. 12. Sg.g.
Nylars.

Ane 14.13653